Buku loyamba kwa Linux

Mau oyamba

Monga wina amaganizira kugwiritsa ntchito Linux nthawi yoyamba pali zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kudziwa. Bukuli limapereka zizindikiro zofunikira zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuyamba.

Mudzaphunziranso kuti Linux ndi yani, chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimayambitsanso Linux, momwe mungazigwiritsire ntchito, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chithandizochi, momwe mungakhazikitsire hardware ndi luso lina lalikulu.

Dinani pamutu pa chinthu chilichonse kuti muone nkhani yonse.

01 pa 15

Kodi Linux N'chiyani?

Linux ndiyo njira yogwiritsira ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito machitidwe ambirimbiri kuchokera ku mababu a mfuti kupita ku mfuti, makompyuta ku malo akuluakulu a makompyuta.

Linux imapatsa mphamvu zonse kuchokera foni yanu kupita ku friji yanu yabwino.

Pa kompyuta pakompyuta Linux imapereka mwayi wotsatsa malonda monga Windows. Zambiri "

02 pa 15

N'chifukwa Chiyani Mumagwiritsa Ntchito Linux Pawindo la Windows?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Linux pa Windows ndipo apa pali ena mwa iwo.

• Linux imathandizidwa pa makompyuta akale. Ngakhale Windows XP ikhala ikuyendetsa pa hardware yakale iyo sichithandizidwa, kotero palibe zatsopano zosintha. Pali magawo angapo a Linux amene amapangidwa makamaka kwa zipangizo zakale ndipo amasungidwa ndi kusinthidwa nthawi zonse.
• Maofesi ena a Linux ndi maofesiwa tsopano akudziwika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta kuposa Windows 8 ndi Windows 10. Ngati mukufuna Windows 7 yang'anani ndikumverera bwanji osayesa Linux Mint mwachitsanzo.
• Kukula kwa mawindo a Windows 10 ndi kwakukulu. Kugawanika kwa Linux kumalowa pakadagigyte oposa 1 ngakhale mutha kupeza zina zomwe ndi ma megabyte ochepa chabe. Mawindo amafunika kuti awononge DVD.
• Zombo za Linux zomwe zili ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ndipo mukhoza kusintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa ngati mukufuna.
• Linux nthawizonse yakhala yotetezeka kwambiri kuposa Mawindo ndipo pali mavairasi ochepa a Linux, ngakhale intaneti ya zinthu yakhala ikuloledwa posachedwapa.
• Linux imapambana kuposa Windows m'njira zambiri ndipo mukhoza kufanikira kwambiri kuchokera otsiriza gwero la chuma kwa zipangizo zakale ndi zoletsedwa
• Zachinsinsi. Mawindo amawunikira nthawi zonse kunyumba ndi deta yomwe inasonkhana kudzera ku Cortana ndikufufuza kawirikawiri. Ngakhale kuti si chinthu chatsopano komanso momveka bwino Google amachita chinthu chomwecho kuti mutsimikizire kuti Linux sichichita chimodzimodzi makamaka ngati mutasankha kugawa kwaufulu kwa mudzi.
• Kudalirika. Pulogalamu ikakhala pa Linux mukhoza kupha mosavuta. Pulogalamu ikakhala pa Windows ngakhale pamene mutayesa ndi kuyendetsa mâ € ™ ntchito kuti muiphe pulogalamu yolakwika sizimalekerera.
• Zosintha. Mawindo ndi otetezeka kwambiri ndi ndondomeko yake. Ndi kangati mwatembenuza makompyuta kuti musindikize matikiti a concert kapena mfundo zina zofunika kuti muwone mawu akuyika ndondomeko 1 ya 450?
• Zosiyanasiyana. Mukhoza kuyang'ana Linux, kumverera ndikuchita chimodzimodzi momwe mukufunira. Ndi Windows, makompyuta amachita chimodzimodzi monga Microsoft amaganiza kuti mukufuna.

Ngati simunayambe kuwunika tsatanetsatane wotsatirayi, zomwe zimakuthandizani kusankha ngati Linux ikuyenera. Zambiri "

03 pa 15

Kodi Ndi Njira Yabwino Yotani Yogawira Kugwiritsa Ntchito?

Funso loyamba ndilo "Kugawa kwa Linux ndi chiyani?". Kamangidwe kake kokha kokha kama injini. Kugawidwa ndi galimoto weniweni yomwe imakhala ndi injini.

Kotero ndi gawo liti limene muyenera kusankha? Ndikukupemphani kuti ndikutsegule chidziwitso chokwanira koma mwachidule:

• Linux Mint - Ifuna makina apansi a makompyuta, osavuta kukhazikitsa, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo ali ndi desktop yozolowereka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito Windows 7
• Debian - Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kugawa kwaulere kwa Linux popanda dalaivala, firmware kapena mapulogalamu ndiye Debian ndi inu. Agogo a Linux
• Ubuntu - Kugawa kwa Linux komwe kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito
• Kutseguka - Kugawidwa kwachitsulo ndi mphamvu kwa Linux. Osati zosavuta kukhazikitsa monga Mint ndi Ubuntu koma njira yabwino kwambiribe
• Fedora - Kwambiri mpaka lero kugawa kwa Linux ndi malingaliro atsopano omwe ali nawo nthawi yoyamba
• Mageia - Rose wochokera pamphuno wa kale Mandriva Linux. Zowoneka mosavuta komanso zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito
• CentOS - Monga ndi Fedora, CentOS ikuchokera kugawa kwa Linux, Red Hat Linux. Mosiyana ndi Fedora, zimamangidwa kuti zikhazikike
• Manjaro - Malingana ndi Arch Linux, Manjaro imapereka mgwirizano waukulu pakati pa ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito komanso pulogalamu yamakono
• LXLE - Malinga ndi kufalitsa kwa Lubuntu mopepuka kumapereka kugawa kwa Linux kwathunthu kwa zipangizo zakale
• Chipilala - Kutumiza kumasulidwa kotulutsa kumasulira kutanthauza kuti simukuyenera kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe atsopano a machitidwewo nthawi iliyonse chifukwa zimadzikonza zokha. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa wogwiritsa ntchitoyo kuti agwire naye koma wamphamvu kwambiri
• Elementary - Linux kwa anthu amene amakonda Mac mawonekedwe mawonekedwe

Zambiri "

04 pa 15

Momwe Mungayendetse Linux Kuchokera ku DVD Kapena USB

Mutu si chilumikizano cha chinthu ichi ngati pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zikubwera njira yanu.

DVD yamoyo kapena USB imakhala ikukuthandizani kuthamanga ku Linux popanda kuyika pa disk hard drive. Izi zimakulolani kuyesa kuyendetsa galimoto yanu Linux musanayambe kutero ndipo ndiyenso wabwino kwa wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse.

• Momwe mungakhalire Ubuntu kukhala USB drive
• Momwe mungakhalire Linux Mint amakhala USB galimoto
• Momwe mungapezere Debian ya moyo
• Momwe mungapangire Fedora kukhala ndi USB galimoto
• Momwe mungakhalire kutsegulaSUSE pakompyuta ya USB
• Mmene mungakhalire Mageia kukhala ndi USB galimoto
• Momwe mungakhalire galimoto yoyamba ya USB yamoyo
• Momwe mungakhalire Galimoto ya Linux ya Puppy USB
• Momwe mungakhalire Xubuntu USB yopitilira
• Momwe mungakhalire Android USB drive

05 ya 15

Momwe Mungakhalire Linux

Kugawa kwa Linux kumayikidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosiyana yomwe ili pulogalamu yomwe imakutsogolerani mwa kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa Linux.

Pamene wogwiritsa ntchito Linux amatha kuziyika payekha kapena angathe kuziyika pambali pa Windows.

Nazi njira zowonjezera zowonjezera:

• Momwe mungakhalire Linux Mint pamodzi ndi Windows
• Momwe mungakhalire Ubuntu pamodzi ndi Mawindo
• Momwe mungakhalire Debian pamodzi ndi Mawindo
• Momwe mungakhazikire kutsegula
• Momwe mungakhalire Fedora
• Momwe mungakhalire Mageia pamodzi ndi Mawindo

06 pa 15

Kodi Malo Owonetserako Maofesi Adawonongeka?

Kugawa kwa Linux kumapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo.

Pali galimoto yosonyezera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukuthandizani kuti mulowemo, meneja wazenera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuyendetsa mawindo, mapangidwe, menus, interactive dash ndi ntchito zoyambirira.

Zambiri mwa zinthuzi zimagwirizanitsidwa palimodzi kuti zidziwike ngati malo owonetsera zinthu.

Sitima zina zapadera za Linux zokhala ndi malo amodzi okha (ngakhale zina zilipo mu mapulogalamu a pulogalamuyi), pamene ena ali ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana ogawa kwa maofesi osiyanasiyana.

Maofesi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maofesiwa ndi Cinnamon, GNOME, Unity, KDE, Chidziwitso, XFCE, LXDE ndi MATE.

Cinnamon ndi chikhalidwe chodabwitsa cha maofesi omwe amawoneka ngati Windows 7 ndi gulu pansi, menyu, zithunzi za tray ndi zizindikiro zofulumira.

GNOME ndi Mgwirizano ndizofanana. Ndizo maofesi apakompyuta amakono omwe amagwiritsa ntchito lingaliro la kuyambitsa zizindikiro ndi mawonetsero a mawonekedwe a dashboard posankha mapulogalamu. Palinso zofunikira zomwe zimagwirizanitsa bwino ndi mutu wonse wa chilengedwe.

KDE ndidongosolo lapadera ladongosolo ladongosolo koma liri ndi ziwerengero zazikulu za zolemba zomwe zili zonse zomwe zingasinthidwe mosavuta.

Chidziwitso, XFCE, LXDE, ndi MATE ndi malo osungirako maofesi apamwamba ndi mapepala ndi menyu. Zonsezi ndizosinthika.

07 pa 15

Mmene Mungapangire Linux Yang'anani Njira Yomwe Mukufunira

Chinthu chachikulu pa Linux ndi chakuti mukhoza kuyang'ana ndi kumverera momwe mukufunira.

Malangizo omwe ali pansipa adzakuwonetsani njira zosiyanasiyana zosuntha zinthu kuzungulira maofesi osiyanasiyana ndikusintha maofesi kuti mukhale momwe mukufunira.

• Momwe mungasinthire XFCE
• Momwe mungasinthire Cinnamon
• Momwe mungasinthire Chidziwitso
• Momwe mungasinthire LXDE
• Momwe mungakhalire ndikusintha Openbox
• Momwe mungasunthire wotsegulira Unity pansi pa chinsalu
• Momwe mungasinthire umodzi

08 pa 15

Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Linux Desktop

Maofesi osiyanasiyana a Linux amagwira ntchito mosiyana kwambiri ndipo kuphimba maziko onse kumatenga nthawi.

Komabe apa pali malangizo ena abwino kuti akuyambe:

• Mtsogoleli wa Unity Launcher mu Ubuntu
• Mtsogoleli wa Unity Dash mu Ubuntu
• 33 Zinthu Zochita Pambuyo Pakusintha Ubuntu
• Lembani mndandanda wa zidule za Linux Mint
• Lembani mndandanda wa zidule za GNOME
• Chidule cha KDE desktop environment

09 pa 15

Kodi Ndingatani Kuti Ndigwiritse Ntchito Intaneti?

Ngakhale kulumikiza ku intaneti kumasiyana ndi malo onse apakompyuta akuluakulu ali ofanana.

Padzakhala chithunzithunzi cha intaneti pa gulu kwinakwake. Dinani pa chithunzi ndipo muyenera kuwona mndandanda wa mawotchi opanda waya.

Dinani pa intaneti ndikulowa fungulo la chitetezo.

Mutu wa chinthu ichi umagwirizanitsa ndi chotsogolera chosonyeza m'mene mungagwiritsire ntchito Ubuntu Linux ndi desktop Union ndipo ikuwonetsanso momwe mungagwirizanitse kudzera mu mzere wa lamulo. Zambiri "

10 pa 15

Malo Opambana Kwa Audio

Linux ndi mfumu pakusewera ma fayilo. Pali mauthenga ambiri a audio ndipo ndizosankha chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe mumakonda.

Bukhuli limatchula zina mwazithunzithunzi zopambana za Linux kuphatikizapo zosankha zogwiritsa ntchito ndi kudula makanema a pawailesi, oimba nyimbo, ndi oyang'anira podcast.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zotsatsa ojambula nyimbo onani zitsanzo izi:

• Buku lonse la Rhythmbox
• Banshee wotsogolera kwathunthu
• Chotsatira chathunthu cha Quod Libet

11 mwa 15

Malo Opambana Kwa Email

Kawirikawiri amati palibe chomwe chikugwirizana ndi Outlook mkati mwa Linux. Zoonadi?

Poganiza kuti simukusangalala pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a GMail osasinthika pano pali njira zina zabwino.

• Chisinthiko
• Thunderbird
• KMail
• Geary

Zambiri "

12 pa 15

Malo Opambana Kwa Kufufuza Mawebusaiti

Linux ili ndi makasitomala abwino kwambiri omwe alipo monga Chrome, Chromium, Firefox, ndi Midori.

Alibe Internet Explorer kapena Edge koma iye amene amawafuna. Chrome ili ndi zonse zomwe mungafune mu browser. Zambiri "

13 pa 15

Kodi Pali Maofesi Aliwonse Ovomerezeka a Linux?

Palibe kukayikira kuti Microsoft Office ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndipo ndi chida chabwino kwambiri ndipo ndi kovuta kufotokozera ndikuposa khalidwe la mtundu umenewo.

Pofuna kugwiritsira ntchito pazinthu zamalonda ndi zochepa zamalonda mungatsutsane kuti Google Docs ndi LibreOffice ndi njira zabwino komanso zochepa.

LibreOffice imabwera ndi pulojekiti ya mawu ndi zambiri zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera pa mawu opanga mawu. Ikubweranso ndi chida chabwino cha spreadsheet chomwe chimatchulidwanso mwatsatanetsatane komanso kuphatikizapo injini yopanga mapulogalamu ngakhale kuti sichigwirizana ndi VBA ya Excel.

Zida zina zikuphatikizapo mawonedwe, masamu, deta ndi zojambula zomwe ziri zabwino kwambiri. Zambiri "

14 pa 15

Mmene Mungakhalire Mapulogalamu pogwiritsa Ntchito Linux

Ogwiritsa ntchito Linux samaika pulogalamuyo mofanana ndi momwe ogwiritsira ntchito Windows amachitira ngakhale kusiyana kumakhala kochepa.

Kawirikawiri, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito Linux akufuna kukhazikitsa phukusi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chida chodziwika ngati phukusi.

Wothandizira phukusi amapeza malo osungira omwe amasungira mapepala omwe angathe kuikidwa.

Chida chogwiritsira ntchito phukusichi chimapereka njira yofufuzira mapulogalamu, kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu, kusunga pulogalamuyo pakadali ndi kuchotsa pulogalamuyi.

Pamene tikupita patsogolo m'zinthu zina za Linux ndikuyambitsa mitundu yatsopano yamaphukusi omwe ali odzikonda omwe ali ngati mapulogalamu a Android.

Kugawidwa kulikonse kumapereka chida chake chowonetsera. Pali zida zowonjezera zamagwiritsidwe ntchito zomwe zimagawidwa mosiyanasiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, ndi Debian onse amagwiritsa ntchito mtsogoleri wa phukusi loyenera .

Fedora ndi CentOS amagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya yum phukusi .

Arch ndi Manjaro amagwiritsa ntchito Pacman .

15 mwa 15

Lamulo Lolamulira Linux

Zambiri zimapangidwa ndi othandizira a Linux kuti agwiritse ntchito chithunzithunzi chomwe chimalepheretsa kuti zikhale zotchuka pakati pa anthu. Poppycock.

Ngakhale kuli kofunika kuphunzira malamulo oyambirira (zomwezo zikhoza kunenedwa kwa DOS malamulo mu Windows) palibe chofunika kuchita.

Chinthu choyamba chimene mukufunikira kudziwa ndi m'mene mungatsegulire ogonjetsa ndipo pali njira zambiri zomwe mungachite.

N'chifukwa chiyani amatchedwa odwala? Aimfa imakhala yochepa kwambiri kwa oyimitsa magetsi ndipo imagwiranso ntchito mpaka tsiku limene anthu amaloledwa kupita kumapeto. Tsopano zonse zomwe mukufunikira kudziwa ndi kuti malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi pomwe mumalowa ku Linux.

Mukakhala ndi otsegula mutseguka kuti muphunzire momwe mungapezere njira yanu ndipo bukuli likuwonetsani momwe mungakhalire.

Ndiyeneranso kuphunzira za zilolezo. Bukhuli likuwonetsa momwe angapangire wosuta ndi kuwonjezera pa gulu . Pano pali chitsogozo china chomwe chikuwonetsa momwe mungawonjezere ogwiritsa ntchito, kupereka magulu ndikuyika zilolezo .

Lamulo limene ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amaphunzila molawirira ndilo lamulo la sudo koma musayambe mwangoyamba kulowa malemba pogwiritsa ntchito sudo popanda kumvetsa zomwe zimachita chifukwa zonse zikhoza kutha. Mwamwayi bukuli limakuuzani zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti mudziwe za lamulo lachikondi .

Pamene muli pomwepo, muyeneranso kumvetsetsa za kusintha ogwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito lamuloli .

Mwachidule lamulo lachikondi limakulolani kukweza zilolezo zanu kuti muthe kuyendetsa lamulo laumwini monga wina wosuta. Mwachinsinsi kuti wina wogwiritsa ntchito ndiye mzuzi.

Lamulo lamasintha limasintha nkhani yanu kuti muthamangire ngati wosuta. Mukhoza kuyendetsa malamulo angapo monga wogwiritsa ntchito.

Webusaitiyi ili ndi nkhani zambiri zosonyeza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mzere wa lamulo ndipo ndi bwino kuyang'ana mmbuyo nthawi zonse kuti muwone zomwe zatsopano. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo za zowonjezera zatsopano

• momwe mungagwiritsire masamba a webusaiti pogwiritsa ntchito CURL
• momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mafayilo pogwiritsa ntchito gzip command
• Momwe mungatheretsere maofesi pogwiritsa ntchito gzip command
• momwe mungapezere chidziwitso cha chipangizo pogwiritsira ntchito mzere wa lamulo
• momwe mungakakamizire ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha masipoti awo
• kupha Linux njira
• momwe mungapezere aditi ya adiresi kapena adiresi ya adilesi ya ip
• momwe mungasankhire deta
• Kodi maulumikizanidwe ophiphiritsa ndi ati?
• momwe mungalembe dongosolo la njira
• Chilichonse chimene mukufuna kuti mudziwe za malamulo ochepa

Ndipo potsiriza kwa zosangalatsa pang'ono:

• 15 malamulo omwe adzagwedeze dziko lanu

Chidule

Mu bukhuli ndakuwonetsani zomwe Linux ali, chifukwa chake mungagwiritse ntchito, ndiyani zomwe zimapatsa Linux ndi momwe mungasankhire chimodzi, momwe mungayesere Linux, momwe mungayikitsire, momwe mungasinthire Linux, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Linux, chitsogozo kwa ntchito yabwino, momwe mungayikitsire mapulogalamu ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mzere wa lamulo. Izi ziyenera kukupangitsani kuyenda bwino.