Bukhuli lidzakusonyezani momwe mungalembere zipangizo, ma drive, ma PCI ndi zipangizo za USB pa kompyuta yanu. Kuti mudziwe kuti pali ma drive omwe alipo mungasonyeze mwachidule momwe mungasonyezere zipangizo zowonongeka, ndiyeno mudzawonetsedwa momwe mungasonyezere ma drive onse.
Gwiritsani ntchito Phiri Lamulo
Mu ndondomeko yapitayi, ndasonyeza momwe ndingakwirire zipangizo pogwiritsa ntchito Linux . Tsopano ndikuwonetsani momwe mungalembere zipangizo zowonongeka.
Mawu omveka bwino omwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi awa:
phiri
Zotsatira kuchokera ku lamulo lapamwambali ndizovomerezeka mwachilungamo ndipo zidzakhala ngati izi:
/ dev / sda4 pa / mtundu ext4 (rw, relatime, error = remount-ro, data = ordered)
chitetezo pa / sys / kernel / chitetezo cha chitetezo (rw, nosuid, nodev, noexec, relat
yayima)
Pali zambiri zambiri zomwe sizili zosavuta kuwerenga.
Ma drive ovuta amayamba ndi / dev / sda kapena / dev / sdb kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito malemba a grep kuti muchepetse zotsatirazi:
phiri | grep / dev / sd
Zotsatirapo nthawi ino ziwonetsa chinachake chonga ichi:
/ dev / sda4 pa / mtundu ext4 (rw, relatime, error = remount-ro, data = ordered)
/ dev / sda1 pa / boot / efi mtundu vfat (rw, relatime, fmask = 0077, dmask = 0077, codepage = 437, iocharset = iso8859-1, shortname = zosakaniza, zolakwika = zowonjezera)
Izi sizikutchula ma drive anu koma amalembera magawo anu opangidwa. Sililemba mndandanda yomwe siinafike.
Kachipangizo / dev / sda kawirikawiri amaimira galimoto yoyendetsa 1 ndipo ngati muli ndi galimoto yowirikiza yachiwiri ndiye idzakwera ku / dev / sdb.
Ngati muli ndi SSD ndiye kuti izi zidzapangidwira ku / dev / sda ndipo galimoto yoyendetsedwa imapangidwira ku / dev / sdb.
Pamene mukuwona makompyuta anga ali ndi galimoto imodzi / dev / sda yomwe ili ndi magawo awiri. Gawo la / dev / sda4 lili ndi maofesi a ext4 ndipo ndi pomwe Ubuntu amaikidwa. The / dev / sda1 ndi gawo la EFI lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa dongosololo poyamba.
Kompyutesiyi yaikidwa pa boot awiri ndi Windows 10. Kuti muwone maofesi a Windows, ndiyenera kuwakweza.
Gwiritsani ntchito lsblk Kuti mulembe Ziwiya Zowonongeka
Phiri liri bwino kuti muwone mndandanda wa zipangizo zosakanizidwa koma siziwonetsa zipangizo zonse zomwe muli nazo ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zovuta kuwerenga.
Njira yabwino yolembera ma Linux ndi kugwiritsa ntchito lsblk motere:
lsblk
Chidziwitsochi chikuwonetsedwa muzithunzi za mtengo ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:
- Dzina
- Chiwerengero Chachikulu Chachiwerengero
- Kodi ndizochotsedwera
- Kukula
- Kodi ndiwonekeratu
- Kodi ndi diski kapena kugawa
- Kodi mbaliyi ili pati?
Kuwonetsera kumawoneka chonga ichi:
- sda - 8.0 - 0 - 931 GB - 0 - disk
- sda1 - 8.1 - 0 - 500M - 0 - gawo - / boot / efi
- sda2 - 8.2 - 0 - 128M - 0 - gawo
- sda3 - 8.3 - 0 - 370.6 G - 0 - gawo
- sda4 - 8.4 - 0 - 554.4 G - 0 - gawo /
- sda5 - 8.5 - 0 - 5.9G - 0 - mbali - [SWAP]
- sr0 - 11: 0 - 1 - 1024M - 0 - rom
Zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kuwerenga. Mutha kuona kuti ndili ndi galimoto imodzi yotchedwa sda yomwe ili ndi gigabytes 931. SDA imagawidwa mu magawo asanu kapena awiri omwe ali okwera ndipo gawo lachitatu lomwe limasinthidwa.
Palinso galimoto yotchedwa sr0 yomwe ili mu DVD yoyendetsa galimoto.
Kodi Mungalembe Bwanji PCI Devices
Chinthu chimodzi chomwe chiri chofunika kwambiri kuphunzira za Linux ndi chakuti ngati mukufuna kulemba chirichonse, nthawi zambiri pamakhala lamulo lomwe limayamba ndi makalata "ls".
Mwayamba kale kuti "lsblk" imatulutsira zipangizo zamatabwa ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito posonyeza momwe disks zilili.
Muyeneranso kudziwa kuti lamulo la ls limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza mndandanda wamakalata.
Pambuyo pake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la lsusb kuti mulembe makina a USB pa kompyuta.
Mukhozanso kulembetsa zipangizo pogwiritsira ntchito lsdev koma muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti procinfo imayikidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito lamulolo.
Kulemba mndandanda wa ma PCI ntchito lamulo la lspci motere:
lspci
Zotsatira kuchokera ku lamulo lapamwambazo ndilokutanthauzira kwambiri kuti mutha kupeza zambiri zambiri kuposa momwe munagwiritsire ntchito.
Pano pali chithunzi chachifupi kuchokera mndandanda wanga:
00: 02.0 VGA woyendetsa wothandizira: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Grap
Mtsogoleri Wachiwiri (Rev 09)
00: 14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series / C210 Series Chipset Banja US
B xHCI Host Controller (rev 04)
Mndandandawo umatchula zinthu zonse kuchokera ku VGA olamulira mpaka USB, phokoso, Bluetooth, opanda waya ndi ma ethernet.
Zodabwitsa kuti mndandanda wa lspci umatengedwa kukhala wofunikira ndipo ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za chipangizo chilichonse mungathe kuchita izi:
lspci -v
Chidziwitso cha chipangizo chilichonse chimawoneka ngati chonchi:
02: 00.0 Wolamulira pa Intaneti: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01)
Gawo lachidule: Dell AR9485 Wopanda Kutsatsa Network Adapter
Mafupa: bwana wamabasi, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17
Kumbukirani pa c0500000 (64-bit, osasankhidwa) [size = 512K]
Kuwonjezeka kwa ROM pa c0580000 [olumala] [size = 64K]
Kukhoza:
Woyendetsa kernel akugwiritsidwa ntchito: ath9k
Kernel modules: ath9k
Zotsatira kuchokera ku lamulo la lspci -v ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri ndipo mukhoza kuona bwino kuti ndili ndi khadi lasakatuli la Qualcomm Atheros.
Mukhoza kupeza zowonjezera zowonjezereka mwa kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili:
lspci -vv
Ngati izi sizikwanira yesani izi:
lspci -vvv
Ndipo ngati izo sizikwanira. Ayi, ndikungopeka. Iyo imayima pamenepo.
Mbali yothandiza kwambiri ya lspci kupatula kufotokoza zipangizo ndi dalaivala ya kernel yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chipangizochi. Ngati chipangizochi sichigwira ntchito, ndibwino kuti mufufuze ngati pali dalaivala wabwino wopeza chipangizochi.
Lembani Zida za USB Zowonjezera Kwa Kakompyuta
Kuti mupeze ndondomeko za USB zomwe zilipo pamakompyuta anu mugwiritse ntchito lamulo ili:
lsusb
Zotsatira zake zidzakhala ngati izi:
Basi 002 Chipangizo 002: ID 8087: 0024 Intel Corp
Bus 002 Chipangizo 001: ID 1d6b: 0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 muzu wazu
Chida 001 Chida 005: ID 0c45: 64ad Microdia
Chida 001 Chida 004: ID 0bda: 0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5129 Card Reader Controller
Chida 001 Chida 007: ID 0cf3: e004 Atheros Communications, Inc.
Boma 001 Chipangizo cha 002: ID 8087: 0024 Intel Corp
Boma 001 Chipangizo 001: Chida 1d6b: 0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 muzu wazu
Bus 004 Chipangizo 002: ID 0bc2: 231a Seagate RSS LLC
Bus 004 Chipangizo 001: ID 1d6b: 0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 muzu wazu
Bus 003 Chipangizo 002: ID 054c: 05a8 Sony Corp.
Bus 003 Chipangizo 001: ID 1d6b: 0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 muzu wazu
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha USB mu kompyuta monga galimoto yowongoka kunja ndikuyendetsa lsusb kuti muwone chipangizocho chikupezeka pa mndandanda.
Chidule
Kuti mufotokoze mwachidule, njira yabwino kwambiri yolembera chirichonse mu Linux ndi kukumbukira zotsatirazi:
- Ls - lembani mafayilo m'dongosolo la mafayilo
- Lsblk - lembani zitsulo zamatabwa (ie, magalimoto)
- Lspci - lembani pci zipangizo
- lsusb - lembani zipangizo za USB
- Lsdev - lembani zipangizo zonse