Mu bukhu ili, mudzapeza zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti mudziwe za Linux "yochepa".
Lamulo lochepa "limawoneka kuti ndilo liwu lamphamvu kwambiri la lamulo" loposa " limene limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza chidziwitso ku tsamba limodzi lamasewero pa nthawi.
Zosintha zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malamulo ambiri koma pali zina zambiri zomwe zimapezeka.
Ngati mukufuna kuwerenga kudzera pa fayilo yaikulu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo lochepa pa mkonzi popeza silikutsegula chinthu chonsecho kukumbukira.
Ikutsegula tsamba lililonse kukumbukira tsamba panthawi yomwe likulimbitsa bwino.
Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Lamulo Lochepa
Mukhoza kuyang'ana mafayilo aliwonse pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo osavuta pokhapokha polemba zotsatirazi muwindo lamagetsi :
Zochepa
Ngati pali mizere yambiri pa fayilo kusiyana ndi malo pawonekera ndiye koloni imodzi (:) idzawoneka pansi ndipo mudzakhala ndi njira zingapo kuti mupitirire kupyolera mu fayilo.
Lamulo locheperanso lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zotsatira zopangidwa kudzera mwa lamulo lina.
Mwachitsanzo:
ps -ef | Zochepa
Lamulo ili pamwamba liwonetsa mndandanda wa njira zomwe zimagwira tsamba limodzi pa nthawi.
Mukhoza kusindikiza kapamwamba kapamwamba kapena f fungulo kuti mupite patsogolo.
Kusintha Chiwerengero cha Mipata Imene Inasinthidwa Kupyola
Mwalephera, lamulo lochepa lidzapukuta tsamba limodzi pa nthawi.
Mukhoza kusintha nambala ya mizere yomwe imayendetsedwa pamene mutsegula malo ndi "f" fungulo mwa kukanikiza nambala yomweyo musanatsegule fungulo.
Mwachitsanzo, lowetsani "10" potsatira danga kapena "f" fungulo lidzapangitsa sewero kupitilira ndi mizere 10.
Kuti izi zikhale zosasinthika mukhoza kulowa nambala yotsatira ndi "z".
Mwachitsanzo, lowetsani "10" ndikusindikiza "z". Tsopano mukasindikizira foni kapena f fungulo pulogalamuyo nthawi zonse idzapukuta ndi mizere 10.
Kuphatikizidwa kosavuta kumaphatikizapo kukakamiza fungulo lothawa pang'onopang'ono kutsogolo kwa bar. Zotsatira za izi ndipitirize kupukuta ngakhale mutakwanitsa kutha kwa zotsatira.
Kuti mupindule mzere umodzi pa nthawi, sungani fungulo "yobwerera", "e" kapena "j". Mukhoza kusintha zosasintha kuti ipange mizere yeniyeni ya mizere polembera nambala isanafike. Mwachitsanzo, lowetsani "5" potsatira chikhomo cha "e" chidzapangitsa mpukutu wamasewerawo 5 ulowerere nthawi iliyonse "kubwerera", "e" kapena "j" akulimbikitsidwa. Ngati mwangogwiritsa ntchito mofulumira "J" zotsatira zomwezo zidzachitika pokhapokha ngati mutagwira pansi pamtunduwu adzapitiriza kupukuta.
Mfungulo "d" umakuthandizani kuti muwerenge pansi mndandanda wa mizere. Kuwonjezeranso mwa kulowa nambala "d" kusanayambe kusintha khalidwe losasintha kotero kuti limapereka chiwerengero cha mizere yomwe mumayimilira.
Kuti mupindule mmbuyo mndandanda mungagwiritse ntchito "b" fungulo. Mosiyana ndi lamulo loposa, izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mafayilo onse ndi zolembera. Kulowa chiwerengero musanatsindikize mipukutu yambiri ya "b" mmbuyo mndandanda wa mizere. Kuti pakhale "b" fungulo lokhazikika pang'onopang'ono ndi mndandanda wa mizere ilowetsani nambala yomwe mukufuna kuigwiritsa ntchito yotsatira ndi "w".
Makina oti "y" ndi "k" amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi makiyi a "b" ndi "w" kupatulapo osasintha kuti asayambe kuwombera pawindo limodzi panthawi koma mzere umodzi panthawi yowonekera.
Ngati mwangozi mukaniza "K" kapena "Y" yowonjezera, zotsatirazo zidzakhala chimodzimodzi pokhapokha ngati mutagwira pamwamba pa zotsatira zomwe zikupitiliza kupitilira kupitirira chiyambi cha fayilo.
Mfungulo "u" umaponyanso kumbuyo pazenera koma zosasintha ndi theka lazenera.
Mukhozanso kupukusa kumbali pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi omenyana ndi kumanja.
Mizere yowongoka yolondola theka la chinsalu kupita kumanja ndi mzere wonyamulira utawombera theka lawonekera kumanzere. Mukhoza kupitiliza kupitiliza kupitiliza koma mumatha kupukula kumanzere kufikira mutangoyamba kumene.
Onetsani zotsatirazi
Ngati mukuwona fayilo yamakalata kapena mafayilo ena omwe akusintha nthawi zonse mungafune kubwezeretsa deta.
Mungagwiritse ntchito lowercase "r" kuti mubwezere chinsalu kapena "R" kuti mubwezere chinsalu chochotsera chilichonse chimene mwasokoneza.
Mukhoza kusindikiza "F" yaikulu kuti mupite patsogolo. Phindu logwiritsa ntchito "F" ndiloti mapeto a fayilo akafika adzayesa. Ngati lolemba ikukonzekera pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito zochepa lamulo lirilonse lidzawonetsedwa.
Pitani ku malo enieni mu fayilo
Ngati mukufuna kubwereranso kumayambiriro kwa zotsatira zotuluka m'munsimu "g" ndikupita kumapeto omaliza "G".
Kuti mupite ku mzera wina alowetsani nambala musanatseke makiyi a "g" kapena "G".
Mukhoza kusuntha ku malo omwe ali peresenti inayake kupyolera pa fayilo. Lowani chiwerengero chotsatiridwa ndi "key" kapena "%". Mutha kulowa ngakhale mfundo zapamwamba chifukwa tikuyang'anizana nazo, tonsefe tikuyenera kupita "36.6%" kupyolera pa fayilo.
Kulemba Malo Mu A File
Mukhoza kukhazikitsa chizindikiro mu fayilo pogwiritsa ntchito makina "m" otsatiridwa ndi kalata ina iliyonse. Mutha kubwerera ku chikhomo pogwiritsa ntchito chilembo chimodzi "'" chotsatiridwa ndi kalata yofanana.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungathe kufotokoza zizindikiro zosiyana siyana kudzera mu zotsatira zomwe mungabwerere mosavuta.
Kusaka Chitsanzo
Mukhoza kufufuza malemba mkati mwa zotsatirazi pogwiritsira ntchito chingwe chopita patsogolo ndi mawu omwe mukufuna kufufuza kapena kuwonetsera nthawi zonse.
Mwachitsanzo / "mdziko la hello" adzalandira "dziko la moni".
Ngati mukufuna kufufuza fayilo muyenera kutsogola slash patsogolo ndi funso chizindikiro.
Mwachitsanzo, "dziko la hello" lidzapeza "dziko la moni" lomwe linatulutsidwa kale pazenera.
Senzani Fayilo Yatsopano Pogwiritsa Ntchito
Ngati mwatsiriza kuyang'ana fayilo mungathe kuika fayilo yatsopano kumalo osachepera mwa kukakamiza makiyi a makononi (:) motsogoleredwa ndi "e" kapena "E" makiyi ndi njira yopita ku fayilo.
Mwachitsanzo ": e myfile.txt".
Momwe Mungatuluke Pang'ono
Kuti mutuluke lamulo lochepa, yesetsani makiyi a "q" kapena "Q".
Mayendedwe Othandizira Amathandiza
Kusintha kwa nthawi yotsatira kumatha kapena sikungakuthandizeni:
- zochepa -bN - The N imayimira nambala ndi kuchulukitsa chiwerengero cha kilobytes. Mwachinsinsi, mtengo ndi 64 kilobytes koma mukhoza kufotokoza nambala iliyonse yomwe mukufuna. Ngati mutalowa -1 ndiye fayilo yonseyo idzayikidwa pamtima yomwe ingakhale yosakhala yabwino kapena yosiyana malingana ndi kukula kwa fayilo.
- Zochepa -B - Mwachidziwitso, lamulo lochepa limapereka zofunikira zomwe zimayenera kukumbukira kukumbukira kukumbukira nthawi yomwe ikugwiritsa ntchito piped output. Mungagwiritse ntchito -B kusintha kuti muteteze kudziletsa.
- zochepa -c kapena zosachepera -C - Mwasasintha pulogalamuyi imakonzedwa mwa kupukuta pazenera. Chotsani chinsalu kuchokera pamwamba kumagwiritsa ntchito -c kapena -C kusintha.
- zochepa -i - Zimayambitsa zochepa kuti zichoke pamene zimagonjetsa kutha kwa fayilo kachiwiri
- zochepa -E - Zimayambitsa zochepa kuti zichoke pamene zimagonjetsa mapeto a fayilo kwa nthawi yoyamba
- zochepa -f - Tsegulani mafayilo apadera monga mauthenga osagwiritsa ntchito
- zochepa -F - Zimayambitsa zochepa kuti fayilo ngati fayilo ili osachepera imodzi yokhala ndi deta yamtengo wapatali
- zochepa - g - Ingowonjezerani chinthu chotsiriza chomwe chimapezeka pofufuza
- zochepa -G - Pewani kutsindika kwambiri pamene mukufufuza
- zochepa -hN - Tchulani chiwerengero chachikulu cha mizere yomwe lamulo lochepa lingathe kubwerera mmbuyo
- zochepa -i - Sungani vuto pamene mukufufuza kupatula ngati ojambula ambiri akupezeka mu kafukufuku
- zochepa -I - Siyani vuto pamene mukufuna
- zochepa -jN - The N imaimira chiwerengero. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti pamalo owonetsera mzere umayikidwa ukafufuzidwa. Mwachitsanzo, kufufuza "dziko la hello" kudzaika mzere womwe ulipo ndi "moni wadziko" mmenemo mzere 1 ngati zosachepera -j1 zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
- -Z - Izi zikuwonetsa asterisk yaing'ono kumbali ya kumanzere (chigawo cha chikhalidwe) chomwe chimasonyeza pamene chidutswa cha malemba omwe mwasaka chipezeka.
- zochepa -m - Amawonetsa chiwerengero cha maofesi kudzera fayilo m'malo mwa coloni pansi pazenera
- zochepa-Zimasonyeza nambala ya mzere wa zotsatira. Mwachitsanzo "mzere 1-23"
- Pang'ono-Pewani nambala ya mzere
- zochepa -N - Onetsani manambala a mzere pamzere uliwonse
- Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi piped output. Icho chimatulutsa tsamba lirilonse la zolembera zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa fayilo tsamba limodzi pa nthawi. Ngati fayilo ilipo idzafunsa ngati mukufuna kulembetsa.
- zochepa -O - Ichi ndi chofanana ndi -o kupatula kuti sichipempha chitsimikizo musanalowetse fayilo.
- zochepa -p - Izi zimayamba zocheperapo pa nthawi yoyamba yomwe ikuchitika.
- zochepa -P "malemba" - Izi zimalowetsa uthenga pansi pa chinsalu ku mawu omwe atchulidwa
- zochepa -q - Izi zimaletsa belu kuti lisayambe mukamaliza mapepalawo. Zifukwa zina za belu kuti zithetse makina osakaniwa osindikiza.
- zochepa - Q - Pewani phokoso lonse
- Zochepa-Izi zimatsitsa mizere yopanda kanthu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati fayilo ili ndi mizere yotsatilayiyi yokhayiyiyi ndipo mumagwiritsa ntchito malamulo osachepera 1 okha opanda mzere.
- Zochepa -Zomwezi zimapangitsa mizere yaitali kuti ikhale yojambulidwa osati kukulumikiza ku mzere wotsatira
Pali zambiri zochepa kwambiri kuposa zomwe mungayembekezere. Mukhoza kuwerenga zolembedwa zonse polemba "munthu wamng'ono" muwindo lazitali kapena powerenga tsamba ili lochepa. A
Njira ina yochepera ndi yowonjezera ndi lamulo la mchira yomwe imasonyeza mizere yochepa ya fayilo.