Dzina
chotsani
Zosinthasintha
dump [- 0123456789ackMnqSu [- Faili ]] [- ma record ] [- b blocksize ] [- d density ] [- e inode manambala ] [- E kufotokoza ] [- f file ] [- F script ] [- f level ] - [- Ine ndi zolakwika ] [- j compression level ] [- L chizindikiro ] [- Q fayilo ] [- mamita ] [- T date ] [- z compression level ]
kutaya [- W | -w ]
(BSD 4.3 njira zowonjezereka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo kumbuyo koma sizilembedwa pano).
Kufotokozera
Kutaya kumayang'anitsa ma fayilo pazithunzithunzi za ext2 ndikuwonetsa kuti mafayilo akuyenera kuthandizidwa. Mawonekedwewa amalembedwa ku diski, tepi kapena zosungirako zina zosungirako zosungira (onani chithunzichi pansipa kuti mupange ma backups akutali ). Dothi lomwe liri lalikulu kuposa momwe likugulitsira sing'anga limasweka mu mabuku ambiri. Pazinthu zambiri zamakanema kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa mwa kulemba mpaka mapeto azinthu zowonjezera akubwezeretsedwa.
Pazinthu zofalitsa zomwe sizingatheke kubwerera kumapeto kwa mafilimu (monga makina ena a cartrid), buku lililonse liri la kukula kwake; kukula kwenikweni kumatsimikiziridwa mwa kuwonetsa makanema a cartridge, kapena kupyolera mu tepi, kukula kwake ndi / kapena kubwezeretsa zowerengera zomwe zili pansipa. Mwachizolowezi, dzina lofanana la fayilo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa voliyumu iliyonse mutapangitsa woyendetsa kusintha kusintha mauthenga.
mafayilo- kutayika mwina ali pamwamba pa malo ophatikizira kapena mndandanda wa maofesi ndi mauthenga kuti azithandizidwa monga gawo ladongosolo. Poyambirira, njira yopita ku maofesi kapena mawonekedwe a maofesi angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pachifukwachi, malamulo ena amalembedwa kuti asungidwe: - iwe saloledwa, mlingo wokhawokha womwe umathandizidwa ndi - 0 ndipo mafayilo onse ndi mauthenga onse ayenera kukhala pamadzinso ofanana.
Zotsatira zotsatirazi zimathandizidwa ndi :
-0-9
Masamba a kutaya. Mzere 0, kusungidwa kwathunthu, kumatsimikizira kuti mafayilo onse akukopera (koma onaninso ch -chinthu chapafupi). Nambala yapamwamba pamwamba pa 0, incremental zosungira zosungira, imauza kutaya kufalitsa mafayilo onse atsopano kapena kusintha kuchokera kumapeto kotsiriza kwa msinkhu. Mzere wosasintha ndi 9.
-a
`` kujambula kwanga '' Pendekani mawerengedwe onse aatali a tepi, ndipo lembani mpaka mapeto azinthu zowonjezera akubwezeretsedwa. Izi zimayenda bwino kwambiri pa zamakono zamakono zamakono, ndipo ndi zosasintha. Kugwiritsira ntchito njirayi kumalimbikitsidwa makamaka poyitanitsa pa tepi yomwe ilipo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito tepi yoyendetsa ndi compress compression (kumene simungathe kudziŵa za chiwerengero cha kupanikizika).
-Zithunzi za archive_
Lembani ndondomeko yowonongeka-zomwe zili m'zinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa kuti zibwezeretsedwe (8) kuti mudziwe ngati fayilo ili mu fayilo yosungira yomwe ikubwezeretsedwa.
-b blocksize
Chiwerengero cha kilobytes pamtundu wolemba. Popeza dongosolo la IO limapereka zopempha zonse ku ma chunks a MAXBSIZE (ambiri 64kB), sikutheka kugwiritsa ntchito blocksize yaikulu popanda mavuto pambuyo pake (8). Choncho kutaya kudzaletsa kulembetsa MAXBSIZE. Zosintha zosinthika ndi 10.
-B zolemba
Chiwerengero cha 1 kB chimasunga pa volume. Osati kawirikawiri amafunidwa, ngati kutaya kumatha kuzindikira mapeto a mafilimu. Pamene kukula kwakukulu kukufikira, kutaya kukudikira kuti musinthe vesi. Njirayi imaposa kuwerengera kwa tepiyi kukula kwake kumadalira kutalika kwake. Ngati kupanikizika kuli pamzerewu kukula kwa makina ophatikizidwa pamutu.
-c
Sinthani zosintha kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndi tepi ya cartridge, ndi mphamvu ya 8000 bpi, ndi kutalika kwa mamita 1700. Kuwonetsa galimoto ya cartridge kumadutsa mapeto a mauthenga.
-d osakanikirana
Ikani kusakanikirana kwa tepi kukulingalira Kwangwiro ndi 1600BPI. Kuwonetsa tepi ya tepi imaposa mapeto a mauthenga.
-kusowa
Sungani mazinesi kuchokera kumtaya. Inodes parameter ndi mndandanda wosiyana wowerengera wa manambala osadziwika (mungagwiritse ntchito stat kuti mupeze nambala ya inode kwa fayilo kapena tsamba).
-E fayilo
Werengani mndandanda wa maofesi kuti asatuluke kuchoka ku fayilo ya fayilo Fayilo la fayilo liyenera kukhala fayilo yamba yomwe ili ndi manambala amodzi omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi ma TV.
-f file
Lembani zolembera kuti mupange fayilo ikhoza kukhala fayilo yapadera monga / dev / st0 (tepi yoyendetsa), / dev / rsd1c ( floppy disk drive ), fayilo yamba, kapena `- '(muyezo wotuluka). Maina ambiri a mafayili angaperekedwe ngati kukangana kokha kumagawanika ndi makasitomala. Fayilo iliyonse idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pavotolo imodzi yosungira muzotsatidwa; ngati kutaya kumafuna mavoti ochuluka kusiyana ndi chiwerengero cha mayina opatsidwa, dzina lomaliza la fayilo lidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mabuku onse otsala pambuyo poyambitsa kusintha kwa media. Ngati dzina la fayilo liri la fomu `` phwando: fayilo '' kapena `` user @ host: file '' dump amalembera pa fayilo yotchulidwa kumalo akutali pogwiritsa ntchito rmt (8). Dzina lopanda dzina la pulogalamu ya remote rmt (8) ndi / etc / rmt izi zikhoza kulamulidwa ndi RMT variable variable
-F script
Kuthamanga script kumapeto kwa tepi iliyonse. Dzina la chipangizo ndi chiwerengero chavotuku chikuperekedwa pa mzere wa lamulo. Script iyenera kubwereza 0 ngati kupuma kuyenera kupitilira popanda kumufunsa wosuta kusintha tepiyo, 1 ngati kupuma kuyenera kupitilira koma pemphani wosuta kusintha tepiyo. Chotsatira chilichonse chochotseratu chidzachititsa kuti asiye . Chifukwa cha chitetezo, kutaya kumabwereranso ku ID yeniyeni yomasulira ndi ID yeniyeniyo musanayambe kulemba.
-m msinkhu
Lemekezani mthunzi `` nodump '' mbendera Dp Dv UF_NODUMP pokhapokha pa maulendo kapena pamwamba pa mlingo wopatsidwa. Kusayenerera kosayenerera kuli 1, kotero kuti kusamalitsa kwapadera kumalepheretsa mafayilowa koma zolemba zonsezo zimawasunga.
-Iziphuphu zolakwika
Mwachisawawa, kutaya sikudzanyalanyaza 32 zolakwika zowerengera pa fayilo yanuyi musanapemphe kuchitapo kanthu. Mukhoza kusintha izi pogwiritsa ntchito mbenderayi ku mtengo uliwonse. Izi ndizothandiza pamene mutha kutaya pa malo ophatikizira omwe owerenga amangowonetsa kusagwirizana pakati pa mapu ndi kutaya kwadutsa.
-j kupanikizika
Lembani chipika chilichonse kuti chilembedwe pa tepi pogwiritsa ntchito laibulale ya bzlib. Njirayi idzagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati mutayika pa fayilo kapena chitoliro kapena, pamene mukupita ku tepi yoyendetsa galimoto, ngati galimoto yamakina imatha kulemba zolekanitsa zotalika. Mufunikira zosachepera 0,4b24 zowonjezeretsa kuti mutenge matepi opanikizidwa. Mapepala olembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina osakanikirana sangagwirizane ndi mtundu wa BSD. Choyimira (chosankha) chimatanthawuza kuti pulogalamu ya bzlib idzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndalama yosasinthika ndi yachiwiri. 2. Ngati pulogalamu yowonjezereka idafotokozedwa, payenera kukhala malo oyera pakati pa kalata yotsatila ndi chizindikiro.
-k
Gwiritsani ntchito kutsimikiziridwa kwa Kerberos kuti muyankhule ndi ma seva akutali. (Kupezeka kokha ngati njirayi inavomerezedwa pamene kuyambitsidwa kunakhazikitsidwa.)
-Likani
Liwu lachitsulo lamakalata loperekedwa ndi ogwiritsira ntchito likuyikidwa kumutu wamutu, kumene zipangizo monga kubwezeretsa (8) ndi fayilo (1) zimatha kuzipeza. Onani kuti chizindikiro ichi sichikupezeka kuti ndi LBLSIZE (omwe alipo 16), omwe akuyenera kukhala ndi kutha kwa `\ 0 '
-m
Ngati mbenderayi imatchulidwa, kutaya kudzapangitsa kuti chiwerengerochi chikhale chosinthika koma chosasinthidwa kuyambira pomwe potsiriza ('kusintha' ndi 'kusinthidwa' kuli ndi tanthawuzo lotchulidwa mu stat (2)). Kwa ma inode, kutaya kudzapulumutsa metadata yokha, mmalo mosunga zonse zamkati. Inodes zomwe ziri zowatsogolera kapena zasinthidwa kuyambira pomwe omaliza otsiriza amasungidwa mwachisawawa. Ntchito za mbendera iyi ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana, kutanthauza kuti mwina malo alionse omwe akuyendetsa bwino amakhala ndi mbendera, kapena palibe amene ali nawo.
Ma tapes omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito 'metadata okha' inodes sagwirizana ndi BSD tepi mtundu kapena akale mawonekedwe kubwezeretsa.
-M
Yambitsani mbali yambiri ya voliyumu. Dzina limatanthauzidwa ndi - f limawonedwa ngati choyamba ndi kulephera kumalemba motsatira ndondomeko ya 001, 002 etc. Izi zingakhale zothandiza pamene mukusiya mafayilo pazomwe zili kunja, kuti muchepetse kukula kwa fayilo 2GB.
-n
Nthawi iliyonse kuyitana kumafuna chidwi cha opareshoni, dziwitsani onse ogwira ntchito mu gulu `` opita '' mwa njira zofanana ndi khoma (1).
-q
Onetsetsani kutaya nthawi yomweyo mukamachita chidwi, osayang'ana ngati zolemba zolakwika, kusintha kwa tepi, ndi zina.
-Q fayilo
Thandizani kuthandizira kwa Files Quick Access . Maipi a tepi pajambulo lililonse amasungidwa mu fayilo ya fayilo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa (ngati itatchedwa parameter Q ndi filename) kuyika mwachindunji tepi pa fayilo yobwezeretsa ikugwira ntchito. Izi zimapulumutsa maola pamene kubwezeretsa mafayilo osakwatira kuchokera kuzipangizo zazikulu, amasunga matepi ndi mutu wa galimoto.
Tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa dalaivala wa st kuti abwezeretsedwe ma tepi m'malo momangoyamba kuitanitsa / kubwezeretsa ndi parameter Q. Popeza kuti matepi onse sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tepi zakuthupi zija zimabweretsanso zolakwika pakutha / kubwezeretsa pamene woyendetsa sitima khalani pamalo osasinthika. Chonde onani tsamba la munthu wa st, chotsatira MTSETDRVBUFFER, kapena tsamba la munthu wa mt, momwe mungayendetsere dalaivala kuti abwerere malo omwe ali ndi matepi oyenera.
Musanayambe kuitanitsa ndi parameter Q, nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti woyendetsa galimoto akubwezeretsani mtundu womwewo wa tepi yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyitanidwa kuti iwononge. Apo ayi kubwezeretsa kungasokonezeke.
Njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene mukuponya matepi am'deralo (onani pamwambapa) kapena mafayilo akumeneko.
-mapazi
Yesetsani kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa tepi yofunikira pamtundu winawake. Ngati ndalamazi zatha, kutaya kumaphatikizapo tepi yatsopano. Ndibwino kuti mukhale osamala pazomwe mungachite. Kutalika kwa tepi kutalika ndi mapazi 2300. Kuwonetsa kukula kwa tepi kumadutsa kuzindikira kwa mapeto.
-S
Chiwerengero cha kukula. Ganizirani kuchuluka kwa malo omwe akufunika kuti apange popanda kuchitapo kanthu, ndikuwonetserani chiŵerengero choyesa cha bytes chomwe chingatenge. Izi ndizothandiza ndi makina owonjezera kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa zofunikira zomwe zimafunikira.
-T t Date
Gwiritsani ntchito tsiku losiyidwa ngati nthawi yoyamba yothetsera m'malo mwa nthawi yomwe yatsimikiziridwa poyang'ana mu / etc / dumpdates Maonekedwe a tsiku ndi ofanana ndi amphindi (3). Njirayi ndi yopindulitsa pa zolemba zokhazokha zomwe mukufuna kupatula pa nthawi inayake. Chotsatira cha- T chimagwirizana kuchokera ku- u kusankha.
-u
Sinthani fayilo / etc / dumpdates mutatha bwino. Maonekedwe a / etc / dumpdates amawoneka ndi anthu, opangidwa ndi zojambula zojambula zaulere pazenera: dzina la mawonekedwe , mawonekedwe owonjezeka ndi nthawi (3) nthawi yosungira maonekedwe. Mwina pangakhale malo amodzi okhazikika pa gawo lililonse. Fayilo / etc / dumpdates akhoza kusinthidwa kuti asinthe malo aliwonse, ngati kuli kofunikira.
-W
Kutaya kumamuuza wogwiritsa ntchito mafayilo omwe akuyenera kutayidwa. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimachokera ku mafayilo / etc / dumpdates ndi / etc / fstab The - W chisankho chimayambitsa kusindikizidwa, chifukwa zonse mafayilo maofesi / etc / dumpdates ndi mawonekedwe a mafayilo olembedwa mu / etc / fstab tsiku lachiwonongeko laposachedwa ndi mlingo, ndikuwunikira zomwe ziyenera kutayidwa. Ngati W - W wosankha wasankhidwa, zosankha zina zonse zimanyalanyazidwa, ndi kusiya kutuluka mwamsanga.
-w
Zili ngati -W koma zimangotenga mauthenga ovomerezeka mu / etc / fstab omwe akuyenera kutayidwa.
-z kupanikiza kwa msinkhu
Limbikitsani chipika chilichonse kuti chilembedwe pa tepi pogwiritsa ntchito laibulale ya zlib. Njirayi idzagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati mutayika pa fayilo kapena chitoliro kapena, pamene mukupita ku tepi yoyendetsa galimoto, ngati galimoto yamakina imatha kulemba zolekanitsa zotalika. Mufunikira zosachepera 0,4b22 za kubwezeretsedwa kuti mutenge matepi opanikizidwa. Mapepala olembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina osakanikirana sangagwirizane ndi mtundu wa BSD. Choyimira (chosankha) chimafotokozera zazitsulo zlib zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ndalama yosasinthika ndi yachiwiri. 2. Ngati pulogalamu yowonjezereka idafotokozedwa, payenera kukhala malo oyera pakati pa kalata yotsatila ndi chizindikiro.
Kutaya kumafuna kuti ochita maselo azitha kuchita izi: kutha kwa tepi, mapeto a kutaya, kulakwitsa kwa tepi, kulakwitsa kapena kutulutsa zolakwika zowerenga (ngati pali zowonjezera zolakwika za nr). Kuwonjezera pa kuchenjeza ogwira ntchito onse kumatanthawuzidwa ndi chinsinsi, kutaya kumagwirizana ndi woyendetsa pamalo otetezera nthawi zina pamene kutaya sikungapitirire, kapena ngati chinachake chiri cholakwika. Mafunso onse otsutsa amafunsa amayankhidwa polemba `` inde '' kapena `no '' moyenerera.
Popeza kupanga kupanga kumaphatikizapo nthawi yochuluka ndi khama kuti zitsimikizidwe zowonongeka, kutaya malo oyendetsera okha kumayambiriro kwa tepi iliyonse. Ngati kulemba bukulo likulephera chifukwa china, kutaya , pogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo, kumayambanso kuchoka pa bolodi pambuyo pa tepi yakale itabweretsedwanso ndi kuchotsedwa, ndipo tepi yatsopano yatsatiridwa.
Dump imauza woyendetsa zomwe zikuchitika nthawi zina, kuphatikizapo kafukufuku wochepa wa chiwerengero cha mabwalo kuti alembere, chiwerengero cha matepi chidzatenga, nthawi yomaliza, komanso nthawi yosintha tepi. Zotsatira zake ndizomwe zilipo, kotero kuti ena adziwe kuti malo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ogwira ntchito ndi otanganidwa, ndipo akhala kwa nthawi ndithu.
Ngati pangakhale chochitika chodabwitsa cha disk, nthawi yofunika kubwezeretsa matepi onse oyenera kapena mafayilo ku diski akhoza kusungidwa pang'onopang'ono mwa kudumphadumpha kudumpha. Njira yowonjezereka yodutsa maulendo ambiri kuti achepetse chiwerengero cha matepi otsatirawa:
- Nthawi zonse yambani ndi kusungira msinkhu 0, mwachitsanzo: / sbin / dump -0u -f / dev / st0 / usr / src Izi ziyenera kuchitika pamapeto, kunena kamodzi pamwezi kapena kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri iliyonse, matepi atsopano omwe amasungidwa kwamuyaya.
- Pambuyo pa msinkhu wa 0, mapulogalamu a maofesi amawongolera tsiku ndi tsiku, pogwiritsira ntchito kusintha kosinthika kwa Hanoi, ndi njira izi: 3 2 5 4 7 6 9 8 9 9 ... Kwa maulendo a tsiku ndi tsiku, ziyenera kukhala zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chokha cha matepi tsiku lililonse, kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlungu uliwonse. Mlungu uliwonse, pamatengedwe gawo 1, ndipo nthawi zonse Hanoi ikubwereza kubwereza kuyambira ndi 3. Kwa maulendo a sabata, matepi ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito podutsa mafayili amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso pamagulu.
Pambuyo pa miyezi ingapo kapena apo, matepi a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi a sabata amayenera kutembenuka kuchoka pa kayendedwe kotaya ndi matepi atsopano omwe abweretsamo.
ONANI ZINA
rmt (8)
Chofunika: Gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la munthu ( % munthu ) kuti muwone momwe lamulo likugwiritsira ntchito pa kompyuta yanu.