Sankhani malo osokonekera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso omwe alipo
Njira yofulumira kuti mupeze chidule cha malo omwe mulipo ndi osagwiritsidwa ntchito disk anu pa Linux dongosolo ndikulemba mu df command mu zenera zenera. Lamulo df limaimira " d isk f ". Ndiyi -iyi (df -h) imasonyeza diski malo mu "mawonekedwe a anthu", omwe amatanthauza, amakupatsani mayunitsi pamodzi ndi manambala.
Zotsatira za df command ndi tebulo ndizitsulo zinayi. Chigawo choyamba chili ndi njira ya fayilo, yomwe ikhoza kutanthauzidwa ndi disk hard disk kapena chipangizo china chosungirako, kapena fayilo yowakonzedwa ndi intaneti. Chigawo chachiwiri chikuwonetsera mphamvu ya fayiloyi. Mzere wachitatu umasonyeza malo omwe alipo, ndipo gawo lomalizira likuwonetsa njira yomwe fayiloyi ikukwera. Malo otsetsereka ndi malo omwe amapezeka mumtengowu kumene mungapeze ndi kupeza mawonekedwe a fayilo.
La command, kumbali inayo, ikuwonetsa danga losagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafayilo ndi mauthenga omwe akupezeka pakali pano. Kachiwiri, -h chisankho (df -h) chimapangitsa kuti chiwerengerocho chikhale chosavuta kumva.
Mwachindunji, la du command imapezekanso ma subdirectories kuti asonyeze momwe diski iliyonse yakhalira. Izi zikhoza kupezedwa ndi -sankho (df -h -s). Izi zimangowonetsa mwachidule. Zina mwa malo ophatikizidwa disk omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma subdirectories onse. Ngati mukufuna kusonyeza kugwiritsira ntchito diski kwa foda (foda) kupatulapo mauthenga amtundu wamakono, mumangotchula dzina lachinsinsi ngati ndemanga yotsiriza. Mwachitsanzo: zithunzi za du -h -s , kumene "zithunzi" zikanakhala gawo lokhala ndi mauthenga omwe alipo.
Zambiri Za Df Command
Mwachinsinsi, muyenera kungowona mafayilo omwe akupezekapo omwe ali osasintha pamene akugwiritsa ntchito df command.
Komabe, mukhoza kubwezeretsa kugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe onse a mafayilo kuphatikizapo chinyengo, zolembedwa ndi zosavuta kupezeka mafayilo pogwiritsa ntchito limodzi mwa malamulo awa:
df -a
df-onse
Malamulo omwe ali pamwambawa sangawoneke othandiza kwa anthu ambiri koma otsatirawo adzakhala. Mwachisawawa, malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi omwe alipo alipo olembedwa ndi byte.
Mukhoza, ndithudi, kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili:
df -h
Izi zikuwonetsera zotsatirazo mu mawonekedwe owerengeka monga kukula kwa 546G, 496G yowoneka. Pamene izi zili bwino, mayunitsi amtundu amasiyana pa gawo lililonse.
Kuti muwonetsere mayunitsi kudutsa mafayili onse omwe mungagwiritse ntchito mungagwiritse ntchito malamulo awa:
df -BM
df - kuvomereza-kukula = M
M akuimira megabytes. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafomu awa:
- K = Kilobytes
- M = Megabytes
- G = Gigabytes
- T = Terabytes
- P = Petabytes
- E = Kutayika
- Z = Zettabyte
- Y = Malo otsika
Kilobyte ndi 1024 bytes ndi megabyte ndi 1024 kilobytes. Mungadabwe kuti n'chifukwa chiyani timagwiritsa ntchito 1024 osati 1000. Zonsezi ndizochita ndi makina a kompyuta. Mukuyamba pa 2 ndiyeno 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512 ndiyeno 1024.
Anthu, komabe, amayamba kuwerengera mu decimal ndipo kotero timagwiritsidwa ntchito kuganiza mu 1, 10, 100, 1000. Mungagwiritse ntchito lamulo lotsatila kuti muwonetse chiyerocho mu chiwerengero cha decimal kusiyana ndi maonekedwe osiyana. (mwachitsanzo, izo zimapanga machitidwe mu mphamvu 1000 m'malo mwa 1024).
df -H
df --si
Mudzapeza kuti nambala 2.9G ikhale 3.1G.
Kuthamanga kwa disk malo si vuto lokha lomwe mungakumane nalo pamene mukuyendetsa dongosolo la Linux. Ndondomeko ya Linux imagwiritsanso ntchito lingaliro lazinthu. Chilichonse chimene mumajambula chimapatsidwa chidziwitso. Komabe, mukhoza kupanga zovuta pakati pa mafayilo omwe amagwiritsanso ntchito inodes.
Pali malire pa chiwerengero cha inodes fayilo yanu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kuti muwone ngati maofesi anu apamwamba ali pafupi kugunda malire awo ayendetse malamulo awa:
df -i
df --inodes
Mukhoza kusinthira zotsatira za df command motere:
df --output = FIELD_LIST
Zomwe zilipo pa FIELD_LIST ndi izi:
- gwero
- fstype
- itotal
- osagwiritsidwa ntchito
- Iavail
- ipcent
- kukula
- ntchito
- zilipo
- pcent
- fayilo
- cholinga
Mukhoza kuphatikiza chilichonse kapena minda yonse. Mwachitsanzo:
df --output = gwero, kukula, ntchito
Mwinanso mungafune kuwona totali pazomwe zili pazenera monga malo onse omwe alipo pa mafayilo onse.
Kuti muchite izi mugwiritse ntchito lamulo ili:
df -total
Mwachikhazikitso, df ndondomeko siziwonetsa mtundu wa fayilo. Mukhoza kutulutsa mtundu wa mafayilo pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo awa:
df -T
df -print -print
Mtundu wa ma fayilo adzakhala ngati ext4, vfat, tmpfs
Ngati mukufuna kuti muwone zambiri za mtundu wina mungagwiritse ntchito malamulo awa:
df -t ext4
dt --type = ext4
Mwinanso, mungagwiritse ntchito malamulo awa kuchotsa mafayilo.
df -x ext4
df --exclude-type = ext4
Zambiri Zokhudza La Command
La du command monga mwawerenga kale mndandanda wa tsatanetsatane wa fayilo malo ogwiritsira ntchito zolemba zonse.
Mwachidziwitso pambuyo pa chinthu chilichonse, ndondomeko yobwereranso ya galimoto imasonyezedwa omwe amalembetsa chinthu chilichonse chatsopano pamzere watsopano. Mukhoza kuchotsa galimotoyo kubwerera pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo awa:
du -0
du_null
Izi sizothandiza kwenikweni kupatula ngati mukufuna kuwona ntchito yonse mwamsanga.
Lamulo lofunika kwambiri ndi luso lolemba mndandanda wazithunzi zonse osati zolemba.
Kuti muchite izi mugwiritse ntchito malamulo awa:
du -a
du - lonse
Mwinamwake mukufuna kufotokoza nkhaniyi ku fayilo pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili:
du -a> filename
Monga ndi df command, mungathe kufotokoza momwe njirayo ikufotokozera. Mwachisawawa, ndi bytes koma mungasankhe kilobytes, megabytes etc pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo awa:
du-BM
du --block-size = M
Mukhozanso kupita kuti munthu awerenge monga 2.5G pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo awa:
du -h
du - yowerengeka ndi anthu
Kupeza malire kumapeto kumagwiritsa ntchito malamulo awa:
du-c
du - total