Zojambula Zamakono Zowonjezera
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) chitsanzo chachitsanzo chakhala chofunikira kwambiri pa makina opanga makompyuta kuyambira pamene inatsimikiziridwa mu 1984. OSI ndi chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha momwe mapulogalamu ogwirira ntchito ndi magetsi ayenera kuyankhulira ndi kugwirira ntchito limodzi (kugwirizana).
Maofesi a OSI ndi njira yamakono yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi International Standards Organization (ISO). Ngakhale zipangizo zamakono zamakono sizikugwirizana kwathunthu, zimakhala zowonjezera zothandiza pakuphunzira za zomangamanga.
OSI Model Stack
Mchitidwe wa OSI umagawanitsa ntchito yovuta ya ma kompyuta-to-computer mauthenga, omwe amatchedwa kuti internetworking , mu magawo angapo otchedwa zigawo . Zigawo mu njira ya OSI imayikidwa kuchokera kumunsi wotsikirapo kufika pamwamba. Pamodzi, zigawozi zimaphatikizapo kuika kwa OSI. Thupili liri ndi zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri m'magulu awiri:
Zingwe zazikulu:
- 7. ntchito
- 6. kupereka
- 5. gawo
Zigawo zochepa:
- 4. Kutengerako
- 3. Intaneti
- 2. deta yolumikizana
- 1. thupi
Pamwamba Pakati pa OSI Model
OSI imapereka ntchito, mawonetsero, ndi magawo a magawo a thunthu monga zigawo zapamwamba . Kawirikawiri, mapulogalamu pazigawozi amapanga ntchito zenizeni monga deta kupanga, kutumizira, ndi kugwirizanitsa ntchito.
Zitsanzo za matekinoloje apamwamba omwe ali pamtundu wa OSI ndi HTTP , SSL , ndi NFS.
Gawo Lalikulu la OSI Model
Zotsalira zazithunzi za OSI zimapereka zowonjezera zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimagwira ntchito monga kuyendetsa, kulumikiza, ndi kuyendetsa. Zitsanzo za matekinoloje ochepetsedwa mu njira ya OSI ndi TCP , IP , ndi Ethernet .
Ubwino wa OSI Model
Mwa kulekanitsa mauthenga a pa intaneti kukhala zidutswa zing'onozing'ono zomveka, chitsanzo cha OSI chimawunikira momwe mapulogalamu ogwirira ntchito apangidwira. Maofesi a OSI anapangidwa kuti atsimikizire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo (monga makina adapititsa mapulogalamu , ma- hubs , ndi ma routers ) zonse zikhale zofanana ngakhale zitamangidwa ndi opanga osiyana. Chogulitsidwa kuchokera kumtengatenga wina wa zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ntchito ya OSI Layer 2, mwachitsanzo, zingakhale zogwirizana kwambiri ndi chinthu china cha OSI Chogulitsa 3 chifukwa onse ogulitsa akutsatira chitsanzo chomwecho.
Maofesi a OSI amachititsanso kuti mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu akhale owonjezera kwambiri monga machitidwe atsopano ndi mautumiki ena ogwiritsira ntchito makanema nthawi zambiri amawunikira kuwonjezera pa zomangamanga kusiyana ndi monolithic one.