Poyambitsidwa ndi Philips m'ma 1980, I2C yakhala imodzi mwa njira zamakono zolankhulana zamagetsi. I2C imathandiza kuyankhulana pakati pa zipangizo zamagetsi kapena IC ku IC, kaya zigawozo ziri pa PCB yomweyo kapena zogwirizana ndi chingwe. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha I2C ndikhoza kukhala ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha mabungwe pa basi imodzi yolumikiza ndi mawaya awiri okha omwe amachititsa I2C kukhala yangwiro pa zofuna zomwe zimafuna kuphweka ndi mtengo wotsika mofulumira.
Chidule cha Pulogalamu ya I2C
I2C ndi njira yothandizira mauthenga omwe amangofuna mizere iwiri yolemba yomwe yapangidwira kukambirana pakati pa chips pa PCB. I2C poyamba inakonzedwa kuti iyankhulane ndi 100kbps koma njira zowonjezereka zowunikira deta zapangidwa patsogolo pa zaka kuti zifike pamtunda wa 3.4Mbit. Ndondomeko ya I2C yakhazikitsidwa ngati chikhalidwe chovomerezeka, chomwe chimapereka mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa machitidwe a I2C ndi kuyanjana kwabwino kumbuyo.
Zizindikiro za I2C
Pulogalamu ya I2C imagwiritsa ntchito mizere iwiri yokha yolongosola mizere kuti iyankhule ndi zipangizo zonse pa basi ya I2C. Zizindikiro ziwirizo ndizo:
- Mndandanda wa Zida Zakale (SDL)
- Serial Data Clock (SDC)
Chifukwa chimene I2C chingagwiritsire ntchito zizindikiro ziwiri zokha kuyankhulana ndi zingapo zapadera ndi momwe kuyankhulana pa basi kumayendetsedwa. Kulumikizana kulikonse kwa I2C kumayamba ndi adiresi ya 7-bit (kapena 10-bit) yomwe imatchula adiresi ya pulogalamu yonse yolankhulirana ndikutenga kulumikizana. Izi zimalola zipangizo zingapo pa basi ya I2C kuti ikhale gawo la chipangizo chofunikira monga momwe zosowa zadongosolo zimakhalira. Pofuna kupewa kuyankhulana, ndondomeko ya I2C imaphatikizapo kuyankhulana ndi kugwirizanitsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azilankhulana bwino pamsewu.
Ubwino ndi zoperewera
Monga pulogalamu yowankhulana, I2C ili ndi ubwino wambiri umene umapanga ndi kusankha kwazinthu zamakono zojambulidwa. I2C imabweretsa madalitso otsatirawa:
- I2C imafuna mizere iwiri yokha
- Miyezo yofalitsa deta yovuta
- Chida chilichonse pa basi ndi chovomerezeka
- Zida zili ndi chiyanjano cha Mbuye / Kapolo
- I2C imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mauthenga ambiri amtunduwu popereka chisamaliro chotsutsana ndi kuyankhulana
- Kuyankhulana kwautali kwambiri kuposa SPI
Ndi ubwino wonsewu, I2C imakhalanso ndi zochepa zomwe zingakonzedwe kuzungulira. Zofunikira kwambiri za I2C zikuphatikizapo:
- Popeza kuti ma-bits 7 okha kapena (10-bits) amapezeka pa chipangizo chothandizira, zipangizo pa basi imodzi zimatha kugawana adesi yomweyo. Zida zina zimatha kukonza maadiresi angapo apitawo, koma izi zimapanganso kuchepetsa zipangizo pa basi yomweyo.
- Ndi zochepa zochepa zomwe zimayendera kulankhulana zilipo ndipo zipangizo zambiri sizikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo. Kuthandizidwa pang'onopang'ono pa liwiro lililonse pa basi likufunika kuteteza makina osapita pang'onopang'ono kuti asatengere mbali zochepa zomwe zingabweretse kuntchito.
- Mawonekedwe a basi a I2C angapangitse basi yonse kupachika pamene chipangizo chimodzi pa basi chikusiya kugwira ntchito. Kupita njinga mphamvu kubasi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambanso basi ndikubwezeretsa ntchito yoyenera.
- Popeza zipangizo zingathe kuyendetsa liwiro lawo, zipangizo zamakono zimatha kuchepetsa ntchito yazitali zamagetsi.
- I2C imatulutsa mphamvu yambiri kuposa mabasi ena oyankhulana chifukwa cha kufotokozera kosavuta kuyankhulana.
- Kulephera kwa basi ya I2C kumachepetsa chiwerengero cha zipangizo pa basi kumayendedwe khumi ndi awiri.
Mapulogalamu
Basi la I2C ndilo njira yabwino yopangira ntchito zomwe zimafuna mtengo wotsika ndi kukhazikika mosavuta m'malo mofulumira. Mwachitsanzo, kuwerenga ma CD, kukumana ndi DACs ndi ADCs, masensa owerenga , kutumiza ndi kuyendetsa ntchito zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ogwiritsira ntchito, kuwerenga masewera a hardware, ndi kuyankhula ndi ang'onoting'ono ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri kawiri kachitidwe ka mauthenga a I2C.