Pulogalamu ya GNU ar imapanga , kusintha, ndi kuchotsa kuzinthu zakale. Chifanizo ndi fayilo imodzi yokha yomwe ili ndi zojambula zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kutenga mafayilo oyambirira omwe amachitcha maofesiwa .
Mwachidule
Zolemba zapachiyambi, machitidwe (permissions), timestamp, mwini, ndi gulu amasungidwa mu archive, ndipo akhoza kubwezeretsedwa pa extraction.
GNU ar ikhoza kusunga maofesi omwe mamembala awo ali ndi mayina a kutalika kwake; Komabe, malingana ndi momwe ar ikuyendera pa dongosolo lanu, malire pa nthawi ya mamembala angapangidwe kuti azigwirizana ndi maofesi olembedwa omwe ali ndi zida zina. Ngati liripo, malirewo amakhala maulendo 15 (omwe amawonekedwe amafanana ndi a.out) kapena malemba 16 (zofanana ndi zojambula zokhudzana ndi mphika).
Ar amawoneka ngati chinthu chogwiritsira ntchito chifukwa maofesi amtundu wotere amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ngati malaibulale okhala ndi magulu ambiri omwe amafunikira.
imapanga ndondomeko ku zizindikiro zosinthika zomwe zimasinthidwa mu archive pamene mukulongosola kusintha. Mukadalengedwa, ndondomekoyi ikusinthidwa muzomwe zimasungidwa nthawi iliyonse pamene ikasintha kusintha zomwe zili mkati mwake Zosungira zolemba zomwe zili ndi ndondomeko yotereyi zimayendera mofulumira ku laibulale, ndipo zimalola zochitika mu laibulale kuti ziitanidwe mosasamala malingaliro awo mu archive.
Mungagwiritse ntchito nm -s kapena nm --print-armap kuti muwerenge tebuloli. Ngati archive ilibe tebulo, mtundu wina wa ar wotchedwa ranlib ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwonjezera tebulo basi.
GNU ar yakonzedwa kukhala yogwirizana ndi malo awiri osiyana. Mukhoza kuyendetsa ntchitoyi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamalangizo, monga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma Unix ; kapena, ngati mutchula njira imodzi ya lamulo -line, mungathe kuigwiritsa ntchito ndi script yomwe imaperekedwa kudzera muzowonjezera, monga MRI `` Library ''.
SYNOPSIS
ar [ -X32_64 ] [ - ] p [ mod [ relpos ] [ count ]] mbiri [ membala ...]
OPTIONS
GNU ar ikulolani kuti muphatikize ntchito yododometsa p p ndi kusintha ma dragogi pamalo alionse, mkati mwa mkangano woyamba wa mzere.
Ngati mukufuna, mungayambe mtsutso woyamba wa mzere ndi lamulo.
Mndandanda wa mndandanda wa mndandanda umatanthawuza zomwe ntchito ikuchita; Zingakhale zina mwa zotsatirazi, koma muyenera kufotokoza chimodzi mwa izo:
d
Chotsani ma modules kuchokera ku archive. Tchulani mayina a ma modules kuti achotsedwe ngati membala ...; Zosungidwazo sizinawoneke ngati mumanena kuti mafayilo sakuchotsa.
Ngati mumatchula v kusintha, arani mndandanda uliwonse ngati wachotsedwa.
m
Gwiritsani ntchito opaleshoniyi kuti musunthire mamembala mu zolemba.
Kukonzekera kwa mamembala omwe ali mu zolembazo kungapangitse kusiyana kwa momwe mapulogalamu amathandizira pogwiritsa ntchito laibulale, ngati chizindikiro chikufotokozedwa m'ziwalo zambiri.
Ngati palibe omasulira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi "m", mamembala onse omwe mumatchula mu ziwalo zogwirizana nawo amasunthidwa kumapeto kwa zolemba; mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito a, b , kapena modifiers kuti muwapititse ku malo enaake.
p
Sindikirani mamembala otchulidwa mu archive, ku fayilo yoyenera yotulutsa. Ngati v kusintha ndikufotokozedwa, onetsani dzina la membala musanayese kukopera zomwe zili muyeso.
Ngati mukulongosola zotsutsana za mamembala , mafayilo onse omwe ali mu archive amasindikizidwa.
q
Mwamsanga yambani ; Zakale, onjezerani membala wodala ... mpaka kumapeto kwa archive , popanda kufufuza kuti m'malo mwake.
The modifiers a , b , ndipo ine sindikusokoneza opaleshoni iyi; Mamembala atsopano amaikidwa nthawi zonse kumapeto kwa zolemba.
Vuto lokonzekera limapangitsa ar kulembetsa fayilo iliyonse monga ikuyimira.
Popeza kuti ntchitoyi ikufulumizitsa, ndondomeko ya tebulo la chizindikiro cha archive siinasinthidwe, ngakhale ilipo kale; mungagwiritse ntchito ar s kapena ranlib momveka bwino kuti musinthe ndondomeko ya tebulo.
Komabe, machitidwe osiyanasiyana amalingalira mofulumira kumanganso ndondomeko, kotero GNU ar imagwiritsa ntchito "q" monga mawu ofanana ndi "r".
r
Ikani membala wa fayilo ... kulowa mu archive ( m'malo mwake ). Opaleshoniyi imasiyanasiyana ndi q inakuti mamembala onse omwe alipo kale amachotsedwa ngati mayina awo akugwirizana ndi omwe akuwonjezeredwawo.
Ngati imodzi mwa maofesi otchulidwa mu membala ... palibe, ar ikuwonetsa uthenga wolakwika, ndipo amasiya osokonezeka omwe alipo omwe alipo mu archive yomwe ikufanana ndi dzina limenelo.
Mwachikhazikitso, mamembala atsopano akuwonjezeka kumapeto kwa fayilo; koma mungagwiritse ntchito limodzi la modifiers a , b , kapena ine kuti ndipemphe malo apadera kwa membala wina amene alipo.
Vuto lokonzekera lomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opaleshoniyi limapanga mzere wa chilolezo kwa fayilo iliyonse yomwe imayikidwa, pamodzi ndi limodzi la makalata a kapena r kuti asonyeze ngati fayiloyi inasinthidwa (palibe wachikulire amene achotsedwa) kapena m'malo mwake.
t
Onetsani tebulo pongosowetsa zomwe zili mu archive , kapena zomwe zafayizi zomwe zalembedwa mu membala ... zomwe ziri mu archive. Kawirikawiri dzina la membala liwonetsedwa; Ngati mukufuna kuti muone njira (permissions), timstampampu, mwini, gulu, ndi kukula, mukhoza kupempha kuti mutanthauzire v kusintha.
Ngati simunatchulepo membala , mafayilo onse omwe ali mu archive amalembedwa.
Ngati pali foni imodzi yokha yomwe ili ndi dzina lomwelo (nenani, fie ) mu malo osungiramo zinthu ( onaninso ), ar t ba fie amalembetsa kokha koyamba; Kuti muwawone onse, muyenera kufunsa mndandanda wathunthu.
x
Amembala mamembala (wotchulidwa kuti membala ) kuchokera ku archive. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito v kusintha ndi opaleshoniyi, kuti mupemphere kuti alembetse dzina lililonse pamene akulilemba.
Ngati simunatchulepo membala , mafayilo onse omwe ali mu archive amachotsedwa.
Zambiri zosintha ( mod ) zikhoza kutsatira mwatsatanetsatane mndandanda wa makalata, kuti ufotokoze kusiyana kwa khalidwe la opaleshoni:
a
Onjezani mafayilo atsopano pambuyo pa membala wina wa archive. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito modifier a , dzina la munthu yemwe alipo kale mu archive ayenera kukhalapo ngati ndondomeko yotsutsa, musanakhale chidziwitso cha archive .
b
Onjezani mafayilo atsopano pamaso pa membala yemwe alipo kale. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito modifier b , dzina la munthu yemwe alipo kale mu archive ayenera kukhalapo ngati ndemanga yotsutsa, musanakhale chidziwitso cha archive . (mofanana ndi i ).
c
Pangani mbiriyi. Maofesi omwe adatchulidwa nthawi zonse amapangidwa ngati sakanakhalapo, mukapempha zosintha. Koma chenjezo limaperekedwa pokhapokha mutaneneratu pasadakhale kuti mukuyembekeza kulenga, pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha.
f
Mayina a Truncate mu archive. GNU ar kawirikawiri amalola maina a fayilo kutalika kwake. Izi zimapangitsa kuti apange zolemba zomwe sizigwirizana ndi pulogalamu ya eni ake pazinthu zina. Ngati izi zikudetsa nkhaŵa, f chosinthira zingagwiritsidwe ntchito polemba maina a fayilo poyiika mu zolembazo.
i
Ikani mafayilo atsopano pamaso pa membala wa archive. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito modifier i , dzina la munthu yemwe alipo kale mu archive ayenera kukhalapo ngati kukambirana kutsutsana, musanakhale chidziwitso cha archive . (mofanana ndi b ).
l
Chokonzekera ichi chikuvomerezedwa koma sichinagwiritsidwe ntchito.
N
Amagwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chowerengera . Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pali zolemba zambiri mu archive ndi dzina lomwelo. Chotsani kapena kuchotsani chiwerengero cha maina a dzina lopatsidwa kuchokera ku archive.
o
Sunga masiku oyambirira a mamembala powachotsa. Ngati simunatchulepo izi, maofesi omwe achotsedwa ku archive adasindikizidwa ndi nthawi yochotsedwa.
P
Gwiritsani dzina lonse la njira pamene mukufananitsa mayina mu archive. GNU ar sungapange mbiri yosungira dzina lokhala ndi mayendedwe amodzi (zolembazo siziri zodandaula za POSIX), koma ojambula ena osungira akhoza. Njirayi idzapangitsa GNU ar kufanana mayina a mayina pogwiritsa ntchito dzina lathunthu, lomwe lingakhale losavuta pochotsa fayilo imodzi kuchokera ku zolemba zomwe zidapangidwa ndi chida china.
s
Lembani ndondomeko ya fayilo ku archive, kapena yesetsani zomwe zilipo, ngakhale ngati palibe kusintha kwina komwe kwapangidwa ku archive. Mungagwiritse ntchito fakitale yosinthidwayi ndi ntchito iliyonse, kapena yokha. Kuthamanga kumsungidwe wamalonda ndikofanana ndi kuthamanga kwa ranlib .
S
Musapange tebulo la chizindikiro cha archive. Izi zikhoza kufulumira kumanga laibulale yaikulu pamakwerero angapo. Chotsatira cha archive sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi linker. Kuti mupange tebulo lamatsenga, muyenera kusiya S kusintha pamapeto omaliza a ar , kapena muyenera kuthamanga ranlib pa archive.
u
Kawirikawiri, ar r ... imayika mafayilo onse olembedwa mu archive. Ngati mukufuna kuika okhawo ma fayilo omwe mumalemba omwe ali atsopano kusiyana ndi mamembala omwe alipo, gwiritsani ntchito kusintha. U modifier amaloledwa kokha ntchito r (m'malo). Makamaka, kuphatikiza komwe sikuloledwa, popeza kufufuza timestamps kumataya kulimbitsa kalikonse kuchokera kuntchito q .
v
Choyimira ichi chikufunsira ntchito yoyenera. Machitidwe ambiri amasonyeza zambiri zowonjezera , monga filenames zothandizidwa, pamene modifier v ikuthandizidwa.
V
Choyimira ichi chikuwonetsa nambala yeniyeni ya ar .
Amanyalanyaza njira yoyamba inalembedwa -X32_64 , poyenderana ndi AIX. Makhalidwe opangidwa ndi njirayi ndi osasintha kwa GNU ar . Ar sichithandizira chilichonse-Zosankha; makamaka, sichichirikiza -X32 chomwe chiri chosasinthika kwa AIX ar .
Chofunika: Gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la munthu ( % munthu ) kuti muwone momwe lamulo likugwiritsira ntchito pa kompyuta yanu.