Zofunika Kwambiri Kutetezera Galimoto ndi Mapulogalamu Otukula
Kusinthika kwa makina okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha galimoto ndi njira yochititsa chidwi yomwe yakhala ikuyendetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zambiri m'zaka zonsezo. Ntchito ya boma, magulu otsutsa, ndi akatswiri ogulitsa ntchito zachititsa kuti zonse zitheke kuchokera kumabotolo apachikwangwani kuti zisamuke.
Zina mwa matekinoloje ameneŵa zatsogolera mwachindunji zochitika zochepa za ngozi ndi kupha, ndipo ena akhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana. Sitikukayikira kuti chitetezo cha galimoto chonse chawonetsa zopindulitsa zodabwitsa pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi, koma pakhala pali zowonjezereka zochepa zomwe zikuyenda panjira.
01 pa 14
Kuteteza kwa Cruise Adaptive
Kugwiritsa ntchito kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kumaphatikizapo kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka mtundu wina. Ambiri mwa machitidwewa amagwiritsira ntchito zida zotchedwa radar kapena laser, zomwe zonsezi zimatha kuzindikira malo omwe ali ndi liwiro la magalimoto ena. Deta imeneyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti isinthe kayendetsedwe ka galimoto yomwe ili ndi makina othandizira.
Njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka ndege zimaphatikizapo mtundu wina wa chenjezo ngati kugunda kuli pafupi, ndipo ena amatha kusinthana. Zina mwa machitidwewa amatha kugwira ntchito poyimitsa ndikuyenda pamsewu, koma ambiri a iwo amadula pamtunda wapadera. Zambiri "
02 pa 14
Mitu Yopatsa Adaptive
Zilonda zamtundu zija zimapatsa malo okonzeka kutsogolo kwa galimoto. Machitidwe ambiri ali ndi malo awiri, ndipo malo apamwamba akukonzekera kuonjezera kuona mtunda usiku. Komabe, matabwa aatali akhoza kukhala owopsa kwa oyendetsa galimoto.
Maseŵera oyendetsa matenda amatha kusintha maonekedwe ake ndi maonekedwe ake. Mapulogalamuwa amatha kuyendetsa mtanda kuti awunikire misewu yowonongeka, ndipo amatha kusintha kamvedwe kake kuti asawonetsere madalaivala ena. Zambiri "
03 pa 14
Mitsinje
Zipangizo zina zamakono zothandizira kupeŵa ngozi, koma mbali zina zotetezera galimoto zimatetezera dalaivala ndi okwera ndege pamene akugunda. Zida zogonjetsa zimagwera m'gulu lomaliza, ndipo zinayamba kuwoneka ngati zipangizo zamakono pazopanga zina ndi zitsanzo ku US kwa chaka cha 1985. Malingana ndi deta yomwe yawonjezeka zaka 10 zikubwerazi, zinaonekeratu kuti ma airbags amapulumutsa moyo ndipo amachititsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chitetezo cha galimoto. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa NHTSA, dalaivala anafa ndi 11 peresenti mu magalimoto omwe anali ndi zikwama za airbags.
Komabe, ma airbags awonetsedwanso kuti akuwonetsa ana aang'ono pangozi. Ngakhale kuti chofunika kwambiri choteteza chitetezochi chawonetsedwa kuti apulumutse miyoyo ya anthu okwera pampando pa zaka 13, ana ang'onoang'ono akhoza kuvulazidwa kapena kuphedwa ndi mphamvu yothamanga ya airbag yotumizira. Pachifukwachi, magalimoto ena akuphatikizapo njira yothetsera mpweya wodutsa. Mu magalimoto ena, ndi zotetezeka kuti ana angoyenda pampando wakumbuyo.
- Onaninso: Smart Airbags
04 pa 14
Ndondomeko Zowononga Anti-Lock (ABS)
Njira zoyamba zowonongeka zowonongeka zinayambika m'ma 1970, ndipo zipangizo zamakonozi ndizo maziko oyendetsa magetsi, magetsi olamulira, ndi zina zambiri zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha galimoto.
Mabakiteriya oletsa kutsekemera amapangidwa kuti athetse mabasi kuti asatseke powathamangitsa mofulumira kuposa momwe woyendetsa munthu angathere. Popeza kuti zitsulo zotsekedwa zimatha kuyendetsa mtunda wautali komanso kutayika kwa oyendetsa galimoto, zowonongeka zowonongeka zimachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wa mtundu wina wa ngozi. Izi zimapangitsa ABS kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha chitetezo cha galimoto, koma machitidwewa samachepetsa mtunda wautali pansi pa zonse zoyendetsa galimoto. Zambiri "
05 ya 14
Chidziwitso Chotsutsana Chokha
Mosiyana ndi matekinoloje omwe amathandiza kupeŵa ngozi ndi machitidwe omwe amachepetsa kuvulala pangozi, machitidwe odzidzidzirana odzidzidzirana amatsata pambuyo poyera. Machitidwewa apangidwa kuti athe kuitanitsa chithandizo chifukwa ambiri omwe amavutika ndi ngozi amalephera kutero.
Pamene makonzedwe odzidzidzidwa a chidziwitso akugwedezeka, kuwonongeka kwachidziwitso kumabwereza maulendo apadera. Thandizo likhoza kutumizidwa mosavuta, kapena okhudzidwa ndi ngozi amatha kulankhula ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Zambiri "
06 pa 14
Sitima Yoyendetsa
07 pa 14
Kupanga Bwino Kwambiri
Machitidwe a braking nthawi zonse apangidwa kuti athe kupewa kugunda kapena kuchepetsa liwiro la galimoto isanayambe kugunda. Machitidwewa amagwiritsira ntchito masensa kuti awonetse zinthu zomwe ziri kutsogolo kwa galimoto, ndipo akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito maburashi ngati chinthu chikuwoneka.
Nthawi zambiri chitetezo chimenechi chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matekinoloje ena monga machitidwe oyendetsa njoka ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Zambiri "
08 pa 14
Sensitive Backup ndi Makamera
Makina osungira zinthu amatha kudziwa ngati pali zotsekemera zomwe zimayendetsa galimotoyo pamene ikuthandizira. Zina mwa machitidwewa zimapereka chenjezo kwa dalaivala ngati pali zotchinga, ndipo zina zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira yowonongeka.
Makamera osungira amapereka ntchito yofanana, koma amangopatsa dalaivala zambiri zowonongeka kusiyana ndi magalasi oyang'ana kumbuyo. Zambiri "
09 pa 14
Kulimbana Kwambiri pa Electronic (ECS)
Kuwongolera kuzinyalala kwa magetsi ndi mbali ina ya chitetezo cha galimoto chomwe chimachokera pa matekinoloje a ABS, koma machitidwewa apangidwa kuti athandize dalaivala kuti azilamulira mosiyanasiyana. Ntchito yaikulu ya ECS ndi kuyerekezera zoyendetsera galimotoyo ndi khalidwe lenileni la galimotoyo. Ngati imodzi mwa machitidwewa akuyesa kuti galimotoyo siyayiyankhe molondola, ikhoza kutengapo mbali zingapo.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zoyambirira zomwe ECS ingafike poyendetsa bwino ndizokhazikika. Ngati kachitidwe ka ECS kakagonjetsa kapena kugwa pansi pamene galimoto ikugunda ngodya, nthawi zambiri ikhoza kugwira ntchito imodzi kapena angapo osakaniza kuti asinthe vutoli. Makompyuta ena a ECS angagwiritsenso ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera komanso kusintha momwe injini ikuyendera. Zambiri "
10 pa 14
Machenjezo Akutuluka Kumalo
Mapulaneti ochenjeza maulendo amapita ku umodzi wa magulu awiri. Machitidwe osalimbikitsa amachititsa chenjezo ngati galimoto ikuyamba kuchoka pa njira yake, ndipo kwa dalaivala kuti ayambe kuwongolera. Kachitidwe kachitidwe kawirikawiri imaperekanso machenjezo, koma amatha kupiritsa mabaki kapena kuwonetsa kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu kuti galimoto iyende.
Ambiri mwa machitidwewa amagwiritsira ntchito masensa a kanema, koma pali ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina opangira laser kapena radar m'malo mwake. Mosasamala mtundu wa sensa, machitidwewa sangathe kugwira ntchito ngati zizindikiro za pamsewu zimatsekedwa ndi zovuta. Zambiri "
11 pa 14
Masomphenya ausiku
Machitidwe a masomphenya a usiku akukonzedwa kuti athandize oyendetsa galimoto kuti asapewe zopinga muzovuta zoyendetsa galimoto. Machitidwewa amadziwika ndi LCD yomwe imakonzedwa kwinakwake pamsewu, ngakhale ena mwa iwo akuphatikizira pamutu pawotchi.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya kayendedwe ka masomphenya usiku. Mtundu umodzi umagwiritsa ntchito thermographic kamera yomwe imameta kutentha, ndipo ina imagwiritsa ntchito chitsime chakuunika kuti chiunikire dera kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo. Zonsezi zimapanga maulendo owonetsera bwino usiku. Zambiri "
12 pa 14
Malamba apamipando
13 pa 14
Kuthamanga kwa Tire
14 pa 14
Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zokakamiza (TCS)
Kuwongolera kupweteka kumakhala kosavuta. Kumene mabakiteriya odana nawo amathandiza dalaivala kuti aziyendetsa panthawi yopuma, kuyendetsa galimoto kumathandizira kupewa kutaya mphamvu pa nthawi yofulumira. Kuti akwanitse kuchita zimenezi, mawotchi a ABS amatha kuyang'anitsitsa kuti adziwe ngati magudumu amatha kusokonezeka pang'onopang'ono.
Ngati njira yothandizira kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi imatengera kuti mawilo amodzi kapena angapo ataya mitsempha, ingatenge njira zingapo zothetsera. Machitidwe ena akhoza kungoyambitsa mabaki, koma ena amatha kusintha mafuta kapena kuchotsa mpweya umodzi kapena zingapo mu injini. Zambiri "