Yatsani kuwala ndi GPIO ya Raspberry Pi

Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino mumakhala ndi ulendo wa GPIO wa Raspberry Pi ndipo mumalimbikitsanso mapulogalamu othandizira kuti muzindikire manambala a pini. Lero tikupitiriza mutuwu ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mapepalawa pamodzi ndi code ndi hardware.

GPIO ndi momwe rasipiberi Pi imalankhulira kunja - "zinthu zenizeni" - kugwiritsa ntchito chikhomo polemba zizindikiro ndi zovuta ku mutu wa 40-pin.

Kulemba ndi GPIO kumakhala kosavuta kuyamba, makamaka kumapulojekiti oyambirira monga Ma LED ndi buzzers. Ndi zigawo zingapo zokha komanso mizere ingapo ya ma code mukhoza kuwunikira kapena kuwunikira LED monga gawo la polojekiti yanu.

Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsani zomwe mukufunikira kuti muyatse LED pogwiritsira ntchito pulogalamu ya Python pa Raspberry Pi yanu, pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya 'RPi.GPIO'.

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Zimene Mukufunikira

Pano pali mndandanda wa zonse zomwe mungafunikire polojekiti yaying'ono. Muyenera kupeza zinthu izi mumasitolo omwe mumawakonda kapena malo osungirako malonda pa intaneti.

• Pulogalamu ya Raspberry Pi imakhala ndi Raspbian (Pi, skrini, keyboard, mouse, mphamvu, khadi la SD - zonse zogwirizana)
• Choikapo chaching'ono
• 5mm LED
• Kugonjetsedwa kwa 330 ohm
• 2 wamwamuna kwa waya wa jumper waya

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Pangani Dongosolo - Gawo 1

Tidzagwiritsa ntchito mapepala awiri a GPIO pa pulojekitiyi, pini (pini 39) ya mwendo wa LED, ndi pini ya GPIO (GPIO 21, pini ya 40) kuti ipange mphamvu ya LED - koma pokhapokha timasankha-ndikuti kumene chilolezo chimabwera.

Choyamba, tcherani Raspberry Pi yanu. Tsopano, pogwiritsira ntchito mawaya a jumper, gwiritsani pini pansi pamsewu pa bolodi lanu. Chotsatira chitani chimodzimodzi kwa pini ya GPIO, yolumikiza ku njira yosiyana.

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Pangani Dongosolo - Gawo 2

Kenaka tikuwonjezera LED ndi kukana ku dera.

Ma LED ali ndi polarity - kutanthauza kuti ayenera kuwongolera m'njira inayake. Kawirikawiri amakhala ndi mwendo wamtali umene umakhala mwendo wa anode (positive) mwendo, ndipo kawirikawiri amakhala pamphepete mwachitsulo cha mutu wa pulasitiki wa LED womwe umatanthawuza mwendo wotsalira (hasi).

Kupewera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ma LED onse kuti asalandire zambiri zamakono, ndipo phokoso la GPIO likuchokera 'kupereka' kwambiri - lomwe lingathe kuwononga onse awiri.

Pali pang'ono ya kuteteza kwachibadwa kwa ma LED omwe alipo - 330ohm. Pali ma maths kumbuyo kwake, koma tsopano tiyeni tiganizire ntchitoyi - mukhoza kuyang'ana mu ohms malamulo ndi mitu yotsatira.

Lumikizani mwendo umodzi wa kutsutsana ku njira ya GND pa bolodi lanu, ndi mwendo wina wopewera kumsewu womwe umagwirizanitsidwa ndi mwendo wamfupi wa LED yanu.

Dala lalitali la LED tsopano likufunika kulumikizana ndi msewu wogwirizana ndi pinpi ya GPIO.

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Pulogalamu ya GPIO ya Python (RPi.GPIO)

Panthawi yomwe tili ndi dera lozungulira ndi lokonzeka kupita, koma sitinauze phokoso lathu la GPIO kuti titumize mphamvu iliyonse, choncho LED yanu isayambe kuyatsa.

Tiyeni tipange fayilo ya Python kuti tiuze pinpi yathu ya GPIO kuti tithe kutulutsa mphamvu kwa mphindi zisanu ndikuyimira. Raspbian yaposachedwa idzakhala ndi makalata opangira GPIO omwe aikidwa kale.

Tsegulani zenera zowonongeka ndikupanga zatsopano za Python polemba lamulo ili:

sudo nano led1.py

Izi zidzatsegula fomu yopanda kanthu kuti tilowe mu code yathu. Lowani mzere pansipa:

#! / usr / bin / python # Lowani makalata omwe tikufunikira kuitanitsa RPi.GPIO monga nthawi yolowera GPIO # Ikani GPIO mode GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM) # Ikani LED GPIO nambala LED = 21 # Ikani pinani LED GPIO monga Pulogalamu ya GPIO.setup (LED, GPIO.OUT) # Yambani pinpi ya GPIO pa GPIO.output (LED, True) # Dikirani masekondi 5 nthawi.sagona (5) # Sinthani pini la GPIO pa GPIO.output (LED, Wonyenga)

Dinani Ctrl + X kuti mupulumutse fayilo. Kuti muyendetse fayilo, lowetsani lamulo lotsatila mu terminal ndikusindikizira kulowa:

sudo python led1.py

Dzuwa liyenera kuyatsa kwa mphindi zisanu ndikuchotsa, kuthetsa pulogalamuyi.

Bwanji osayesa kusintha chiwerengero cha 'time.sleep' kuti muwone kuwala kwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kapena yesetsani kusintha 'GPIO.output (LED, True)' ku 'GPIO.output (LED, False)' ndikuwona zomwe zikuchitika?