Dziko Lachikondi - Ntchito Yanu Yoyamba ya Raspiberi

Mawu oyamba ogwiritsira ntchito Python ndi Pip Raspberry

Mukakhala latsopano ku Raspiberi Pi zingakhale zovuta kuyesera kulumphira kumapulogalamu omwe anakopeka ndi chipangizocho poyamba.

Ma Robot, masewera, oimba nyimbo ndi mapulojekiti ofanana ndizo ntchito zabwino za Raspberry Pi, koma osati kuyamba kwa wina watsopano ku chipangizocho. M'dziko lokongola, muyenera kuyesetsa kuphunzira zofunikira asanayambe ntchito yovuta.

Ngati mutakhalanso ndi Linux, mukhoza kukhala ndi maphunzilo othandiza kwambiri, choncho ndi bwino kuyamba ndi polojekiti yosavuta kuti mudziwe mmene Python imagwirira ntchito, ndiyeno kumanga pa chidziwitso chimenechi.

Kulengeza Kwaulemu

Imodzi mwa mapulojekiti oyambirira kwambiri pa Rasipiberi Pi ndi kusindikiza mawu akuti "Dziko Lolandira", kapena kuti ku terminal ndi script kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso Chachilengedwe cha Python.

Zingakuwone ngati kuyamba kochititsa chidwi, koma zimakupatsani mawu ophweka ndi othandizira ku Python - komanso ntchito yomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito potsata ndondomeko yanu yamtsogolo.

Tiloleni tipange zosiyana siyana za phunziroli kuti tipeze luso lathu lolemba ndi Raspberry Pi. Tidzakhala tikugwiritsa ntchito python scripts m'malo IDLE, chifukwa ndi njira yanga yokhayo.

Moni Dziko Lapansi

Tiyeni tiyambe kumayambiriro koyamba ndi kusindikizidwa koyamba kwa "hello world".

Mukalowetsedwa ku gawo lomaliza, lowetsani lamulo ili m'munsimu kuti mupange chithunzithunzi chatsopano chotchedwa 'helloworld.py'.

sudo nano helloworld.py

Nano ndi mkonzi wa malemba omwe tidzakhala tikugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo 'py' ndizowonjezereka kwa Python scripts.

Timagwiritsanso ntchito sudo (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 'superuser do') pachiyambi chomwe chimayendetsa lamulo ngati woposa. Nthawi zambiri simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito izi, ndipo zingakhale zoopsa m'manja olakwika ndi malamulo olakwika, koma ndimakonda kugwiritsa ntchito monga chizolowezi tsopano.

Lamulo ili lidzatsegula chikalata chatsopano. Lowani malemba omwe ali m'munsimu omwe angasindikize mawu akuti "hello dziko" pamene fayilo ikuyendetsedwa:

sindikizani ("land hello")

Mukalowa, dinani Ctrl + X ndikugunda 'Y' kuti mupulumutse fayilo. Wogwira ntchitoyo adzakufunsani kuti mulowetse mkati kuti muzisunga fayilo ndi dzina lapafayilo, kotero pitirizani ndigwedeze fungulo lolowa. Mudangopanga fayilo yanu yoyamba ya Python!

Mudzabwereranso ku terminal. Kuti tigwiritse ntchito script yatsopano, timagwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili pansipa:

sudo python helloworld.py

Izi zidzasindikizidwa "dziko lamalo" ndikutseketsa script, kutisiya ife ndi ogwiritsira ntchito kuti tigwiritsenso ntchito.

Moni, Padziko Lonse

Nthawi yokwera galimoto. Chitsanzo ichi chimasindikiza mawu oti "hello" pa mzere umodzi, kenako "dziko" pamapeto. Izi zidzawonjezera mzere watsopano ku fayilo yathu ya Python, koma komabe pamlingo wosavuta.

Yambani fayilo yatsopano mwa kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo pansipa:

sudo nano hellothenworld.py

Apanso izi zidzatsegulira zenera zosinthika zenera. Lowani malemba awa:

sindikizani ("hello") sindikizani ("dziko")

Gwiritsaninso ntchito Ctrl + X kuti achoke ndi kusunga, ndiye kukanikiza 'Y' ndiyeno 'kulowa' pamene akuyambitsa.

Kuthamanga script ndi lamulo lotsatira:

sudo python hellothenworld.py

Izi zidzasindikiza "hello" pa mzere umodzi, "dziko" pamzere wotsatira, kenaka kutseka script.

Dziko la Moni, Goodbye World

Pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe taphunzira mu chitsanzo choyambirira, tiyeni tisinthe zinthu kuti tizinena "dziko lamalonda" kenako "dziko lachabechabe" mobwerezabwereza mpaka titawauza kuti asiye.

Mwaphunzira kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafayilo kuti tiyambe kutsatira malangizowa nthawi ino.

Pangani fayilo yatsopano yotchedwa hellogoodbye.py ndiyitsegule ku nano. Lowani malemba awa:

nthawi yowonjezera = 1 pamene ili yoona: ngati chiwerengero == 1: kusindikiza ("dziko laulere") chiwerengero = chiwerengero -1 nthawi.sagona (1) elif count == 0: kusindikiza ("dziko labwino") chiwerengero = nthawi (akugona)

Tapereka mfundo zingapo apa:

• Tumizani : Mzere wolembera umabweretsa nthawi yomwe imatilola kupempha fayilo kuyembekezera nthawi yomwe tifotokoza. Timachita izi ndi 'nthawi (tulo) (1)' pambuyo pake mu fayilo.
• Chiwerengero : Mzere wowerengera ukutanthauzira kusintha, komwe kungokhala njira yokhala ndi mtengo ndi kuupatsa dzina. Timayambira izi pa '1' zomwe tidzafotokozera mozama.
• Pamene : Tagwiritsanso ntchito kanthawi kochepa. Monga momwe dzina limasonyezera, izi 'zimalumikiza' code yathu 'pamene' chikhalidwe chiri chowona. Pachifukwa ichi, tikugwiritsa ntchito 'while True' zomwe zimangotanthauza kuti zidzathamanga mpaka tidzasiya.
• Ngati zonena : Pakati pathu pakhomo timakhala ndi mawu angapo a 'ngati'. Ndemanga yoyamba imati "ngati chiwerengero chiri chimodzi, pitirizani ndi kuthamanga kachidindo kamene kali pansipa". Indentation ndi yofunika ku Python kuti izigwira ntchito ngati izi.

Ngati ndondomekoyi isagwiritsidwe ntchito, idzasindikiza "dziko lawalandire" ndikusintha kusintha kwa 'count' ndi -1. Padzakhalanso wachiwiri ndi 'nthawi (ogona) (1)' musanayendetse njinga kubwerera ku 'panthawi yodutsa' kuti muthamangenso.

Lamulo lachiwiri 'ngati' likugwira ntchito yomweyi koma limangothamanga ngati 'count' ndilo 0. Adzasindikiza "dziko labwino" ndikuwonjezera 1 kuti 'count'. Apanso adzadikirira chachiwiri asanathamangire 'nthawi yatsopano' kachiwiri.

Tikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mutha kuona momwe 'kuwerengera' kumayambira pa 1 ndipo nthawi zonse imakhala yozungulira pakati pa 1 ndi 0, kusindikiza malemba osiyanasiyana nthawi iliyonse.

Kuthamanga script ndikuwone nokha! Kuti muyimitse script, ingogunda Ctrl + C.

Moni Wathu 100 Times

Nanga bwanji kubwereza malemba athu kusindikizidwa katatu, motero? Izi zimapindula pogwiritsira ntchito kuwerengera kwa kanthawi kochepa, koma kusintha momwe timachitira.

Pangani fayilo yatsopano, yipatseni dzina, ndiyeno lowetsani mawu awa pansipa:

kuwerengera nthawi yowonjezera = 1 pamene ili Woona: ngati chiwerengero <= 10: kusindikiza ("dziko laulere"), chiŵerengero = chiwerengero cha +1 nthawi (ogona (1) elif count == 11: kusiya ()

Pano ife tagwiritsa ntchito '<=' poyambirira 'ngati' mawu omwe amatanthauza 'zosakwana kapena zofanana'. Ngati chiwerengerocho sichichepera kapena chikufanana ndi 10, code yathu idzasindikiza "hello dziko".

Mawu otsatila 'ngati' akuyang'ana chiwerengero cha 11 okha, ndipo ngati chiwerengero chiri pa 11 chidzayendera lamulo la 'quit ()' limene limatseketsa script.

Yesani fayilo kuti muwone izi.

Kwa Inu

Zochita zimenezi zimakuwonetsani njira zofunikira kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito chilolezo, koma ndi mtundu wophunzira kuti maziko atsopano a Raspberry Pi ndi Python ayenera kumangoyamba kumene.

Ngati simunapeze kale, yang'anani malo a Python odzipereka a About.com kuti mudziwe zambiri za chinenero chabwino kwambiri cha pulogalamuyi.

Tidzaphimba zitsanzo zamakono zambiri m'nkhani zamtsogolo ndi mapulani, khalani maso!