Momwe mungayikitsire ndi Boot Linux ndi Mac OS

Mac ndi imodzi mwa mapulogalamu ovomerezeka kwambiri omwe alipo, ndipo akhoza kupanga nsanja yabwino osati kungoyendetsa Mac OS, monga MacOS Sierra , komanso Windows ndi Linux. Ndipotu, MacBook Pro ndiwotchuka kwambiri popanga Linux.

Pansi pa nyumbayi, hardware ya Mac imakhala yofanana kwambiri ndi mbali zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu PC zamakono. Mudzapeza mabanja omwe amapanga mapulotera, injini zamagetsi, makompyuta, ndi zambiri.

Mawindo othamanga pa Mac

Pamene Apple inasintha kuchokera ku zomangamanga za PowerPC kupita ku Intel, ambiri ankadabwa ngati Intel Macs ikhoza kuyendetsa Windows. Chotsani chokha chopunthwitsa chenichenicho chinali kupeza Windows kuthamanga pa bokosi la amayi la EFI m'malo mwa mapangidwe omwe a BIOS omwe amakhalapo kwambiri .

Apple idapereka dzanja ku khama pomasula Boot Camp, ntchito yomwe inaphatikizapo Mawindo oyendetsa mafayili a ma hardware onse mu Mac, omwe angathe kuthandiza wothandizira pomanga Mac kuti awonetsedwe pakati pa Mac OS ndi Windows, ndi wothandizira kugawikana ndi kupanga maulendo ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Windows OS.

Kuthamanga Linux pa Mac

Ngati mungathe kuthamanga ma Windows pa Mac, ndithudi muyenera kuyendetsa pafupifupi OS iliyonse yomwe yapangidwira zomangamanga za Intel, chabwino? Kawirikawiri, izi ndi zoona, komabe, ngati zinthu zambiri, satana ali m'ndondomeko. Maofesi ambiri a Linux amatha kugwira bwino kwambiri pa Mac, ngakhale kuti pangakhale zovuta kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza OS.

Mkhalidwe Wovuta

Ntchitoyi ndi ya ogwiritsira ntchito omwe ali ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito zomwe zingayambe panjira, ndipo ali okonzeka kubwezeretsa Mac OS ndi deta zawo ngati mavuto akuchitika panthawiyi.

Sitikukhulupirira kuti padzakhala nkhani zazikuru, koma kuthekera kulipo, kotero konzekerani, khalani ndi zolembera zamakono, ndipo muwerenge njira yonse musanayambe Ubuntu.

Kuyika ndi Dalaivala

Zomwe takumana nazo pakupeza kugawa Linux kumagwiritsa ntchito Mac nthawi zambiri zimayendera madera awiri ovuta: kupeza kakhazikika kuti agwire ntchito bwino ndi Mac, ndikupeza ndi kukhazikitsa madalaivala onse oyenera kuti muonetsetse kuti ma Mac adzagwira ntchito. Izi zingaphatikize kupeza madalaivala omwe akufunikira pa Wi-Fi ndi Bluetooth , komanso madalaivala omwe amafunikira machitidwe a ma Mac Mac anu.

Ndizochititsa manyazi Apple sikupereka madalaivala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi Linux, pamodzi ndi womangika ndi wothandizira, monga adachitira ndi Windows. Koma mpaka izi zitachitika (ndipo sitidzakhala ndi mpweya wathu), mufunikira kuthana ndi zofunikira ndikukonzekera nokha.

Timati "zina" chifukwa tikutipatsa njira yoyenera yogawa malonda a Linux omwe akugwira ntchito pa iMac, komanso kukufotokozerani kuzinthu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuyendetsa madalaivala omwe mukufuna, kapena kuthandizira kuthetsa nkhani zomwe mungathe akudutsa.

Ubuntu

Pali magawo ambiri a Linux omwe mungasankhe kuchokera ku polojekitiyi; Zina mwazodziwika bwino zikuphatikizapo (popanda dongosolo lililonse) Debian, MATE, Basic element OS, Arch Linux, OpenSUSE, Ubuntu, ndi Mint. Tinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito Ubuntu pulojekitiyi, makamaka chifukwa cha masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso othandizira omwe amapezeka kumudzi wa Ubuntu, komanso kugawidwa kwa Ubuntu komwe kwatchulidwa pa Linux How-To.

N'chifukwa Chiyani Mumayambitsa Ubuntu pa Mac?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zofunira kukhala ndi Ubuntu (kapena kugawa kwanu kwa Linux) kuyendetsa pa Mac. Mwinamwake mukukhumba kuti mutsegule zipangizo zamakono anu, phunzirani za OS yosiyana, kapena mukhale ndi imodzi kapena mapulogalamu enieni omwe mukufuna kuthamanga. Mutha kukhala woyambitsa Linux ndikuzindikira kuti Mac ndi yabwino kwambiri nsanja kuti tigwiritse ntchito (Tikhoza kukhala okondera mu lingaliro limeneli), kapena mukhoza kungoyesa Ubuntu kunja.

Ziribe kanthu chifukwa, polojekiti iyi idzakuthandizani kukhazikitsa Ubuntu ku Mac yanu, komanso kuwalitsa Mac kuti musinthe mosavuta boot pakati pa Ubuntu ndi Mac OS. Kwenikweni, njira yomwe tidzakagwiritsire ntchito maulendo awiri amatha kuwonjezeka mpaka katatu kapena kuposerapo.

Zimene Mukufunikira

• Kusungidwa kwaposachedwapa . Tikukuthandizani kuti muyambe kuyendetsa galimoto yowonongeka yomwe imaphatikizapo buku la Recovery HD voliyumu. Tikupangira Carbon Copy Cloner , yomwe ingapangitse chingwecho ndikuphatikizanso gawo lobwezeretsa. Mukakhala ndi chogwirira ntchito, chotsani ku Mac kuti muwonetsetse kuti kusungidwa kwa clone sikungobwere mwachisawawa pa nthawi ya Ubuntu.
• Mac omwe ali ndi 2 GB RAM ndi 2 GHz awiri-core purosesa . Monga momwe mungaganizire, izi ndizomwe zilibe kanthu; Wowonjezera RAM komanso mofulumira purosesa kapena pulosesa yowonjezera ingathandize. Tikuyikira pa Retina iMac ya 2014-inch 27, koma chiyambidwe chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Mac (yamakono kuposa 2011). Ngati mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Mac Mac, muyenera kukhalabe ndi Ubuntu koma muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe polojekitiyi ikugwiritsira ntchito ma hardware akale. Ngati muli ndi vuto loti Mac Mac wanu agwire ntchito ndi Ubuntu, imani ndi maofesi a Ubuntu ndikufunitseni maulendo otsogolera anu Mac.
• A 2 GB kapena lalikulu USB magalimoto . Kuwunika kukugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati bootable installer yomwe ilibe chokhacho, koma Ubuntu wokhala ndi moyo kuti mutha kuthamanga mwachindunji kuchokera pagalimoto ya USB popanda kusintha chirichonse pa Mac. Imeneyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira ngati Mac ndi Ubuntu angagwirizane.
• Khibodi ya USB ndi mbewa . Mukufunikira USB-based based keyboard ndi mbewa chifukwa ndizotheka kwambiri kuti Ubuntu Bluetooth madalaivala adzafunika kuikidwa kapena kusinthidwa pamaso keyboard opanda waya kapena mbewa ntchito.
• Galimoto yopanda maulendo 25 GB . Izi ndizochepa zomwe zimakonzedweratu ku ubongo wa Ubuntu zomwe tidzakhazikitsa; malo ambiri ogwira nawo ntchito angakhale phindu.
• Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS . Uwu ndi Ubuntu wokhazikika womwe unalipo pamene tinayambitsa polojekitiyi. Mabaibulo am'tsogolo amayenera kugwira ntchito, ingoyang'anani zolembera zosinthidwa pazitsulo zina zomwe zingakhudze kukhazikitsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito Mac.

Pangani USB Bootable Live Bootable kwa Mac OS

Ntchito yathu yoyamba mu kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza Ubuntu pa Mac yanu ndiyo kulenga galimoto yotsegula ya USB yomwe ili ndi Ubuntu Desktop OS. Tidzagwiritsa ntchito phokosoli kuti tisangowonjezera Ubuntu, koma kufufuza kuti Ubuntu ukhoza kuthamanga pa Mac yanu pogwiritsa ntchito kuthekera Ubot Ubuntu mwachindunji kuchokera ku ndodo ya USB popanda kuyika kukhazikitsa. Izi zimatilepheretsa kufufuza zofunikira musanadzipangire kusintha ma makina anu kuti mukhale ndi Ubuntu.

Kukonzekera USB Flash Drive

Chinthu choyamba chopunthwitsa chimene mungakumane nacho ndi momwe galasi likuyendera. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira molakwa kuti galimotoyo ikuyendetsa galimoto ikuyenera kukhala mu fotti ya FAT yofunikila, yofunikanso mtundu wogawa kukhala Master Boot Record, ndi mtundu wa mawonekedwe kukhala MS-DOS (FAT). Ngakhale izi zikhoza kukhala zowonjezera pa ma PC, Mac yako ikuyang'ana GUID mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya booting, kotero tikufunika kupanga fayilo USB flash kuti ntchito Mac.

1. Ikani galimoto ya USB flash, ndiyeno yambitsani Disk Utility , yomwe ili pa / Mapulogalamu / Utilities / .
2. Pezani galasi yoyendetsa galasi ladothi la Disk Utility. Onetsetsani kuti mutsegule galimoto yeniyeni, osati mavoti opangidwa omwe angawoneke pansi pa dzina la wopanga magetsi.
   
   Chenjezo : Njira zotsatirazi zidzachotseratu deta iliyonse yomwe mungakhale nayo pa galimoto ya USB flash.
3. Dinani Bulu Lotsitsa mu Toolbar ya Disk Utility.
4. Tsamba la Erase lidzagwetsedwa. Ikani pepala losavuta ku zotsatirazi:
   • Dzina: UBUNTU
   • Fomu: MS-DOS (FAT)
   • Ndondomeko: GUID Mapu a Mapulogalamu
5. Tsamba la Erase likulumikizana ndi maimidwe apamwamba, dinani batani Yotsitsa .
6. Dalaivala la USB likuchotsedwa. Pamene ndondomekoyo yatha, dinani Bewani Lomwe.
7. Musanachoke ku Disk Utility muyenera kulembera dzina la chipangizo cha galasi. Onetsetsani kuti galasi yoyendetsera galimoto yotchedwa UBUNTU imasankhidwa pazitsulo zam'mbali, kenako mu gulu lalikulu, yang'anani chipangizo cholembera Chipangizo . Muyenera kuwona dzina la chipangizo , monga disk2s2, kapena kwa ine, disk7s2. Lembani dzina la chipangizo ; mudzazifuna kenako.
8. Mukhoza kusiya Disk Utility.

UNetbootin Utility

Tidzakhala tikugwiritsa ntchito UNetbootin, ntchito yapadera yolenga Wofalitsa Live Ubuntu pa USB flash drive. UNetbootin idzatulutsanso Ubuntu ISO, ikusandulika ku fano la zithunzi zomwe Mac angagwiritse ntchito, pangani chingwe choyambira chofunika ndi womangika pa Mac OS, ndiyeno muchiyike ku USB flash drive.

1. UNetbootin ikhoza kumasulidwa ku malo a UNetbootin github. Onetsetsani kuti mutenge Mac OS X (ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito MacOS Sierra).
2. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito zidzasungidwa ngati chithunzi cha disk, dzina lake unetbootin-mac-625.dmg. Chiwerengero chenicheni mu dzina lafayilo chingasinthe monga mawonekedwe atsopano amamasulidwa.
3. Pezani chithunzi cha UNetbootin disk chololedwa ; izo zikhoza kukhala mu foda yanu Yowonekera.
4. Dinani kawiri fayilo ya .dmg kuti muwongere chithunzichi padongosolo la Mac yanu.
5. Chithunzi cha UNetbootin chikuyamba. Simukusowa kusuntha pulogalamuyi ku fayilo yanu ya Maofesi, ngakhale mutatha ngati mukufuna. Pulogalamuyi idzagwira ntchito bwino mkati mwa chithunzi cha disk.
6. Yambitsani UNetbootin mwa kulumikiza molondola pa pulogalamu ya unetbootin ndikusankha Tsegulani kuchokera pazomwe zikupezeka .
   
   Zindikirani: Tikugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kuyambitsa pulogalamuyi chifukwa wosungirayo si wolemba mapulogalamu a Apple, ndipo makonzedwe a chitetezo cha Mac anu akhoza kuteteza pulogalamuyi kuti isayambe. Njira yotsegulira pulogalamuyi imakulolani kudutsa masewera olimbitsa chitetezo popanda kulowa mu Mapepala a Kusintha kuti muwasinthe.
7. Makina a chitetezo cha Mac anu adzakuchenjezerani za wogwirizira pulogalamuyo kuti asadziwike, ndikufunsani ngati mukufunadi kuyendetsa pulogalamuyi. Dinani batani loyamba.
8. Bokosi lazamasamba lidzatsegulidwa, kunena kuti osascript akufuna kusintha. Lowetsani neno lanu lolamulira ndipo dinani OK .
9. Window ya UNetbootin idzatsegulidwa.
   
   Zindikirani : UNetbootin imathandiza kulumikiza Wowonjezeramo USB ku Linux pogwiritsa ntchito fayilo ya ISO yomwe mwasindikizidwa kale, kapena ikhoza kulandila kugawa kwa Linux. Musasankhe chochita cha ISO; UNetbootin panopa satha kupanga Mac-USB yosakanikirana yoyendetsa galimoto pogwiritsa ntchito Linux ISO yomwe mumatsitsa monga gwero. Komabe, ikhoza kuyambitsa galimoto yothamanga ya USB pamene imatulutsa mawindo a Linux kuchokera mu pulogalamuyi.
10. Onetsetsani kuti Distribution yasankhidwa, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito Masewero Otsitsira Dongosolo la Kugawa kuti mutenge kugawa kwa Linux komwe mungakonde kuika pa galimoto ya USB. Pulojekitiyi, sankhani Ubuntu .
11. Gwiritsani ntchito menyu ya Select Version dropdown kusankha 16.04_Live_x64 .
    
    Langizo : Tinasankha buku la 16.04_Live_x64 chifukwa Mac iyi imagwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga 64-bit. Ena oyambirira a Intel Macs amagwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga 32-bit, ndipo mungafunikire kusankha 16.04_Live version mmalo mwake.
    
    Langizo : Ngati muli wamng'ono, mungasankhe malemba a Daily_Live kapena Daily_Live_x64, omwe angakhale ndi Ubuntu weniweni kwambiri. Izi zingakhale zothandiza ngati muli ndi vuto ndi Live USB ikuyenda molondola pa Mac yanu, kapena ndi madalaivala monga Wi-Fi, Display, kapena Bluetooth osagwira ntchito.
12. Pulogalamu ya UNetbootin iyenera kulemba mtundu (USB Drive) ndi dzina la Drive kuti Ubuntu Live yogawidwa idzaponyedwa. Mtundu wamtundu uyenera kukhala ndi USB Drive, ndipo Drive imayenera kufanana ndi dzina la chipangizo yomwe mwalembapo kale, pamene mukukongoletsa galimoto ya USB flash.
13. Mutatsimikizira kuti UNetbootin ali ndi Distribution, Version, ndi USB Drive yosankhidwa, dinani botani.
14. UNetbootin idzatulutsa kusinthana kwa Linux, pangani mafayilo a Pulogalamu ya Live Linux, pangani bootloader, ndipo muyikeni pa drive yanu ya USB.
15. Pamene UNetbootin ikatha, mukhoza kuona chenjezo lotsatila: "Chipangizo cha USB choyambitsa sichidzachotsa Mac. Ikani izo mu PC, ndipo sankhani njira ya boot ya USB ku menyu ya BIOS." Mukhoza kunyalanyaza chenjezoli malinga ngati munagwiritsa ntchito njira yogawa ndikusankha njira ya ISO popanga galimoto yothamanga ya USB.
16. Dinani batani kuchoka .

Magalimoto a Live USB omwe ali ndi Ubuntu adalengedwa ndipo ali okonzeka kuyesa Mac.

Kupanga gawo la Ubuntu pa Mac yanu

Ngati mukukonzekera kukhazikitsa Ubuntu pa Mac yanu pomwe mukusunga Mac OS, mufunikira kupanga imodzi kapena zambiri mwachindunji kuti mukhale ndi Ubuntu OS.

Njirayi ndi yophweka; ngati munayamba mwagawa machipangizo a Mac, ndiye kuti mukudziwa kale masitepe omwe akukhudzidwa. Mwachidule, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Disk Utility pogawa voliyumu yomwe ilipo, monga yoyendetsa makina anu a Mac, kuti mupange gawo lachiwiri. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito galimoto yonse, kupatulapo kuyendetsa galimoto yanu, kuti mupange Ubuntu, kapena mutha kupanga gawo lina pazomwe simunayambe kuyendetsa. Monga mukuonera, pali zosankha zambiri.

Kuti muwonjezere njira ina, mungathe kukhazikitsa Ubuntu pamtundu wakunja wogwirizana ndi USB kapena Mkokomo.

Zofuna Kugawa Zopangira Ubuntu

Mwinamwake mwamvapo kuti Linux OSes imafuna magawo awiri kuti ayendetse bwino; Gawo limodzi la diski limasintha danga, lina la OS, ndi lachitatu la data yanu.

Ngakhale Ubuntu angagwiritse ntchito magawo ambiri, zimatha kukhazikitsidwa pagawo limodzi, ndi njira yomwe tidzakagwiritsire ntchito. Nthawi zonse mukhoza kugawa magawo osinthika kuchokera mkati mwa Ubuntu.

Bwanji Kupanga Chigawo Chokha Chokha Tsopano?

Tidzagwiritsa ntchito disk partitioning utility kuphatikizapo Ubuntu kuti tipeze malo oyenera osungirako. Chomwe tikusowa Mac ya Disk Utility kuti tifunikire ndikutanthauzira malo, kotero ndizosasankhika kusankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito poika Ubuntu. Taganizirani izi motere: Pamene tifikira pa Ubuntu kukhazikitsa malo opangira galimoto, sitikufuna kusankha mwamsangamsanga Mac OS yomwe ilipo, kapena ma data onse a Mac OS omwe akugwiritsa ntchito, kuyambira popanga danga lidzachotsa chidziwitso chirichonse pa voti yosankhidwa.

M'malo mwake, tilenga voliyumu ndi dzina losavuta kudziwika, maonekedwe, ndi kukula komwe kudzawonekera pamene ikufika nthawi yosankha voliyumu ya Ubuntu.

Gwiritsani ntchito Disk Utility kuti Pangani Ubuntu kukhazikitsa Target

Pali kulembera bwino tikukutumizirani kuti muwerenge zomwe zimakuuzani zambiri, pang'onopang'ono, pakupangidwe ndi kugawa voliyumu pogwiritsa ntchito Mac's Disk Utility

Chenjezo : Kugawa, kusinthira, ndi kukonza galimoto iliyonse kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa deta. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi zosungira zamakono za deta iliyonse pazoyendetsedwa zosankhidwa.

Langizo : Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito fusion pagalimoto , Mac OS imapereka malire a magawo awiri pa volume Fusion. Ngati mwakhazikitsa gawo la Windows Boot Camp, simungathe kuwonjezera gawo la Ubuntu. Ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowongoka ndi Ubuntu mmalo mwake.

Ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito magawano omwe alipo kale, yang'anani zotsatila ziwirizi:

Disk Utility: Mmene Mungasinthire Ma Volume Mac (OS X El Capitan kapena Patapita)

Kugawa gawo ndi Drive ndi OS X El Capitan's Disk Utility

Ngati mukukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yonse ya Ubuntu, gwiritsani ntchito ndondomeko yoyimilira:

Sinthani Drive ya Mac pogwiritsa ntchito Disk Utility (OS X El Capitan kapena kenako)

Ziribe kanthu komwe mungagwiritse ntchito, kumbukirani kuti chigawo chogawanika chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa Kulemba Mapu, ndipo mawonekedwe angakhale MS-DOS (FAT) kapena ExFat. Maonekedwe sali ofunika kuyambira pamene mutha kukhazikitsa Ubuntu; Cholinga chake apa ndi cholinga chokha kuti muone mosavuta diski ndi magawo omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito ku Ubuntu panthawiyi.

Choyamba chomaliza: Perekani voliyumu dzina lopindulitsa, monga UBUNTU, ndipo lembani zomwe mukugawazo. Zonse ziwiri zidzakuthandizira kuzindikira tanthauzo la voliyumu, panthawi ya Ubuntu.

Kugwiritsira ntchito rFIFI monga Dual-Boot Manager

Pakalipano, takhala tikukonzekeretsa Mac yanu kuti tilandire Ubuntu, komanso pokonzekera bootable installer yomwe tingagwiritse ntchito. Koma pakadali pano, tayiwala zomwe zikufunikira kuti tikwanitse kubwereza Mac yanu Mac Mac komanso Ubuntu OS yatsopano.

Otsogolera Boot

Mac yanu imabwera kale yokhala ndi boot manager yomwe imakulolani kusankha pakati pa Mac Mac kapena Window OSes zomwe zingathe kuikidwa pa Mac. Muzitsogozo zosiyanasiyana, ndimalongosola kawirikawiri momwe mungapempherere woyang'anira boot pa kuyambanso mwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonjezera, monga pogwiritsira ntchito OS X Recovery Disk Wotsogolera wotsogolera.

Ubuntu amabweranso ndi mwiniwake wa boot, wotchedwa GRUB (GRAND Unified Boot Loader). Tidzakhala tikugwiritsa ntchito GRUB posachedwa, pamene titha kupyolera mu ndondomekoyi.

Maofesi awiri a boot omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito angathe kuthana ndi ndondomeko yowirikiza; makamaka iwo amatha kugwira zambiri OSes kuposa awiri okha. Koma makampani a boot a Mac sangathe kuzindikira Ubuntu OS popanda kumangokhalira kumangokhalira kumangoganizira, ndipo mtsogoleri wa bobo a GRUB sangawakonde.

Kotero, tikukuuzani kuti mugwiritse ntchito phwando lachitukuko lachitatu lomwe limatchedwa rEFInd. Pulezidenti ikhoza kusamalira zofunikira zanu zonse za Mac, kuphatikizapo kukulolani kusankha Mac OS, Ubuntu, kapena Windows, ngati mutakhala nawo.

Kuyika rEFInd

MPHAMVU ndi yosavuta kukhazikitsa; Lamulo losavuta lachinsinsi ndizofunikira, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito OS X Yosemite kapena kale. OS X El Capitan ndipo kenako ali ndi gawo lina lotetezera lotchedwa SIP (System Integrity Protection). Mwachidule, SIP imalepheretsa ogwiritsa ntchito, kuphatikizapo oyang'anira, kusintha mafayilo a mawonekedwe, kuphatikiza mafayilo okonda ndi mafoda omwe Mac OS akugwiritsa ntchito.

Monga woyang'anira boot, rEFInd iyenera kudziyika yokha m'madera otetezedwa ndi SIP, kotero ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito OS X El Capitan kapena panthawi ina, muyenera kuletsa dongosolo la SIP musanayambe.

Kulepheretsa SIP

1. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizowa Pogwiritsa ntchito buku la Wothandizira Disk Disk Disk Disk, lomwe linalumikizidwa pamwambapa, kuti muyambitse Mac yanu pogwiritsa ntchito Recovery HD.
2. Sankhani Utilities > Terminal kuchokera kumamenyu.
3. Muzenera la Terminal lomwe limatsegula, lowetsani zotsatirazi:
   csrutil khudza
4. Dinani kulowera kapena kubwerera .
5. Yambiraninso Mac.
6. Mukakhala ndi madeskiti a Mac, tsambulani Safari ndikutsitsimutsa fomu ya SourceForge pa rEFInd beta, eFI boot manager utility.
7. Mukamaliza kutsegula, mukhoza kuchipeza mu foda yotchedwa refind-bin-0.10.4. (Chiwerengero kumapeto kwa dzina la foda chingasinthe ngati matembenuzidwe atsopano amamasulidwa.) Tsegulani fayilo ya refind-bin-0.10.4.
8. Yambani Kutsegula, yomwe ili pa / Mapulogalamu / Utilities /.
9. Konzani zenera la Terminal ndi refind-bin-0.10.4 Wowoneka mawindo kuti onse awoneke.
10. Kokani fayilo yomwe imatchedwa kubwezeretsa kuchokera ku fayilo ya refind-bin-0.10.4 kupita kuwindo la Terminal.
11. Muwindo la Terminal, dinani Enter kapena Bwererani .
12. rFIFI idzaikidwa pa Mac yanu.
    
    Mwachidziwitso koma analimbikitsa :
    1. Tembenuzani SIP polemba zotsatirazi mu Terminal:
       csrutil yaniyeni
    2. Dinani kulowera kapena kubwerera .
13. Close Terminal.
14. Chotsani Mac yanu. (Musayambirenso; gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la Shut Down .)

Kugwiritsira ntchito Live Drive Drive kuti Yesani Ubuntu pa Mac

Live USB ya Ubuntu yomwe tinapanga kale ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukhazikitsa Ubuntu pa Mac yanu, ndikuyesera Ubuntu popanda kukhazikitsa OS. Mutha kulumphira kuti mutseke, koma ndikulimbikitsani kuti muyesere Ubuntu poyamba. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti zidzakulolani kupeza mavuto aliwonse amene mukukumana nawo musanayambe kukhazikitsa.

Zina mwazinthu zomwe mungapeze ndi monga kukhazikitsa kwa Live USB osati kugwira ntchito ndi makhadi anu a Mac Mac. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito pa Mac pamene akuyika Linux. Mwinanso mungapeze kuti Wi-Fi yanu kapena Bluetooth sakugwira ntchito. Zambiri mwazinthuzi zingakonzedwe mukatha kukhazikitsidwa, koma kudziwa za izo pasanapite nthawi kumakupangitsani kufufuza pang'ono kuchokera kumudzi wanu wa Mac, momwe mungayang'anire nkhaniyo mwinamwake kupeza madalaivala oyenera, kapena kudziwa kumene mungapeze .

Kuyesera Ubuntu pa Mac Anu

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Live Live yomwe mudalenga, pali pang'ono kukonzekera kuti muchite.

• Onetsetsani kuti galimoto ya Live USB ikugwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ku ma doko anu a USB kapena Mabingu . Musagwiritse ntchito kachipangizo ka USB, monga sizolowereka pagalimoto yowoneka ndi USB USB kuti iwonetseke pamene ikugwirizanitsidwa ndi malo.
• Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi makina a USB ndipo USB imasakanikirana ndi Mac. Kumbukirani, chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe anthu ambiri akusowa zikusowa madalaivala a Bluetooth, zomwe zingalepheretse makina anu opanda zingwe ndi mbewa kuti zisagwiritsidwe ntchito.
• Ngati n'kotheka, gwirizanitsani Mac anu ku makanema anu apanyumba pamtunda wotchinga wa Ethernet. Izi ndi chifukwa chomwecho monga kamphindi opanda waya kapena mbewa; kuthekera kuti madalaivala a Wi-Fi adzafunika kusinthidwa kapena kuwonjezeredwa kuti agwiritse ntchito makina opanda waya.

Ngati mwakonzeka, tiyeni tipatse boot.

1. Pewani pansi kapena yambitsani Mac yanu. Ngati mwaika rEFInd boot manager adzawonekera. Ngati mwasankha kuti musagwiritse ntchito rEFInd pomwe mwamsanga Mac anu ayamba kutsegula, gwiritsani chinsinsi Chosankha . Pitirizani kuzigwira mpaka mutayang'ana bokosi la boot la Mac akuwonetsani mndandanda wa zipangizo zomwe mungathe kuyambira.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito makiyiwo kuti muzisankha Boot EFI \ boot \ ... kulowa ( rEFInd ) kapena EFI Drive kulowa ( Mac Boot manager ) kuchokera pa mndandanda.
   
   Langizo : Ngati simukuwona EFI Drive kapena Boot EFI \ boot \ ... m'ndandanda, tseka ndipo onetsetsani kuti galimoto ya Live USB ikugwirizanitsa mwa Mac. Mukhozanso kuchotsa zinyama zonse ku Mac yanu, kupatula mbewa, makina, USB Live flash drive, ndi kugwirizana kwa Ethernet wired.
3. Mutatha kusankha boot EFI \ boot \ ... kapena EFI Drive , pezani Enter kapena Return pa keyboard.
4. Mac yako imayamba kugwiritsa ntchito dalaivala ya Live USB ndikuwonetsa gulu la bokosi la GRUB 2. Mudzawona zofunikira zolemba ndi zolemba zinayi:
   • Yesani Ubuntu popanda kukhazikitsa.
   • Sakani Ubuntu.
   • OEM kukhazikitsa (kwa opanga).
   • Fufuzani chidule cha zolakwika.
5. Gwiritsani ntchito mafungulo oti muzisankha Kuyesera Ubuntu popanda kukhazikitsa , kenako dinani Kulowa kapena Kubwerera .
6. Chiwonetserocho chiyenera kukhala mdima kwa kanthawi kochepa, kenako kusonyeza screen Ubla splash, ndiwotchedwa desktop Ubuntu. Nthawi yonseyi izi ziyenera kukhala masekondi 30 mpaka maminiti pang'ono. Ngati mudikira kwa mphindi zisanu, pali vuto lalikulu.
   
   Langizo : Ngati mawonetsedwe anu amakhala ofiira, simungachoke pawonekedwe la Ubuntu, kapena mawonetsedwewa samasintha, mwina muli ndi vuto loyendetsa galasi. Mukhoza kukonza izi mwa kusintha lamulo la Ubuntu boot loader monga momwe tafotokozera m'munsimu.

Kusintha Lamulo la GRUB Boot Loader

1. Chotsani Mac yanu mwa kukanikiza ndi kusunga batani la P ower .
2. Mukamaliza Mac yanu, yambani kuyambiranso ndipo mubwerere ku skiritsi la GRUB boot loader pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo awa pamwambapa.
3. Sankhani Yesani Ubuntu popanda kukhazikitsa , koma osakanikila kulowera kapena kubwerera. M'malo mwake dinani 'e' fungulo loti mulowetse mkonzi umene udzakuthandizani kuti musinthe malamulo a boot loader.
4. Mkonzi adzakhala ndi mizere ingapo yolemba. Mukuyenera kusintha mzere umene umati:

   linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi file = / cdrom / preseed / Ubuntu.seed boot = phokoso lamtendere likufalikira ---

5. Pakati pa mawu akuti 'splash' ndi '---' muyenera kulemba izi:

   nomodeet

6. Mzerewu uyenera kutha motere:

   linux /casper/vmlinuz.efi file = / cdrom / preseed / Ubuntu.seed boot = khutu yamatope imathamanga nomodeset ---

7. Kuti mupange ndondomekoyi, gwiritsani ntchito makiyiwo kuti musunthire kumalo anu mutangotha ​​mawu, kenaka lembani ' nomodeset ' popanda ndemanga. Pangakhale malo pakati pa kupukutira ndi nomodeet komanso malo pakati pa nomodeset ndi ---.
8. Mzere ukangowoneka wolondola, yesani F10 kuti muyambe ndi machitidwe atsopano.

Zindikirani : Zomwe mwasinthazi sizisungidwa; iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi iyi. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito Test Ubuntu popanda kukhazikitsa njira zamtsogolo, muyenera kusintha mzere kachiwiri.

Chizindikiro: Kuwonjezera 'nomodeset' ndi njira yowonjezera yothetsera vuto loyipa pamene akuyika, koma silo lokha. Ngati mupitiriza kukhala ndi nkhani zosonyeza, mungayese zotsatirazi:

Sankhani kapangidwe ka khadi lojambula zithunzi zomwe Mac anu amagwiritsa ntchito. Mungathe kuchita izi mwa kusankha Makamaka Mac awa ochokera kumapulogalamu a Apple. Fufuzani zolembazo Zojambulajambula, lembani zojambulazo, ndipo mugwiritse ntchito chimodzi mwazinthu zotsatira mmalo mwa 'nomodeset':

nvidia.modeset = 0

radeon.modeset = 0

intel.modeset = 0

Ngati mudakali ndi mavuto ndi mawonetsero, onetsetsani ma Forum Ubuntu pa nkhani ndi Mac yanu.

Tsopano kuti muli ndi Mawonekedwe a Ubuntu othamanga pa Mac yanu, yang'anani kuti muwonetsetse kuti intaneti yanu ya WI-Fi ikugwira ntchito, komanso Bluetooth, ngati kuli kofunikira.

Kuyika Ubuntu pa Mac Anu

Pakali pano, muli ndi magalimoto a Live USB flash omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Ubuntu installer, Mac yanu yokonzedwa ndi magawano omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga Ubuntu, ndi chodabwitsa chala cha mouse chimene chikudikirira kuti mulowetseke kuyika Ubuntu chizindikiro chomwe mumawona pa Live Ubuntu desktop.

Sakani Ubuntu

1. Ngati mwakonzeka, dinani kawiri kabuku kakuti Ubuntu icon.
2. Sankhani chinenero chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito, ndiyeno dinani Pitirizani .
3. Lolani installer kuti asunge zosintha monga pakufunikira, kwa onse a Ubuntu OS komanso madalaivala omwe mungawafunire. Ikani chizindikiro pa Zowonjezera Zowonjezera pamene mukuika Ubuntu checkbox, komanso muika pulogalamu ya chipani chachitatu pa zipangizo zojambulajambula ndi WI-FI, Flash, MP3, ndi bokosi lina la zofalitsa . Dinani Pulogalamu Yopitiriza .
4. Ubuntu amapereka mitundu yowonjezera. Popeza tikufuna kuyika Ubuntu pa magawo enaake, sankhani Chinanso Chotsalira pa mndandanda, ndipo dinani Pitirizani .
5. Wowonjezera adzapereka mndandanda wa zipangizo zosungirako zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi Mac. Muyenera kupeza buku limene mudalilenga pogwiritsa ntchito Mac's Disk Utility pang'ono kale. Chifukwa maina a chipangizo ndi osiyana, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kukula ndi maonekedwe a buku limene munalenga. Mukapeza buku lenileni, gwiritsani ntchito mbewa kapena makiyi kuti muwonetse kugawa , ndiyeno dinani batani la kusintha .
   
   Tip : Ubuntu amasonyeza kugawa kwake ku Megabytes (MB), pomwe Mac imasonyeza kukula ngati Gigabytes (GB). 1 GB = 1000 MB
6. Gwiritsani ntchito ntchito monga: menyu yochepetsera kuti musankhe mafayili omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Timakonda fayilo yotulutsa ext4 yolemba .
7. Gwiritsani ntchito menyu ya Mount Point dropdown kusankha "/" popanda ndemanga. Izi zimatchedwanso Muzu . Dinani botani loyenera.
8. Mutha kuchenjezedwa kuti kusankha magawo atsopano ukuyenera kulembedwa ku diski. Dinani Pulogalamu Yopitiriza .
9. Ndi magawo omwe mwangosintha osankhidwa, dinani Pakani Pakani Tsopano .
10. Mwina mungachenjezedwe kuti simunatanthauzire magawo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti asinthe malo. Mukhoza kuwonjezera kusinthana danga mtsogolo; dinani Pulogalamu ya Continue .
11. Mudzauzidwa kuti kusintha kumene munapanga kuli pafupi kudzipereka ku diski; dinani Pulogalamu ya Continue .
12. Sankhani nthawi yowonongeka pamapu kapena kulowa mumzinda waukulu mumunda. Dinani Pitirizani .
13. Sankhani makanema , ndipo dinani Pitirizani .
14. Konzani akaunti yanu ya umsebenzisi wa Ubuntu polemba dzina lanu, dzina la kompyuta , dzina lanu , ndi achinsinsi . Dinani Pitirizani .
15. Ndondomeko yowonjezera idzayamba, ndi choyimira choyimira chiwonetsero.
16. Mukangomaliza kukonza, mukhoza kudinkhani batani Yoyambiranso .

Mukuyenera tsopano kukhala ndi Ubuntu wokhazikika pa Mac yanu.

Pambuyo poyambiranso, mutha kuona kuti abwana a REFInd akugwira ntchito ndipo akuwonetsa Mac OS, Recovery HD, ndi Ubuntu OS. Mukhoza kujambula pazithunzi zonse za OS kuti musankhe mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito.

Popeza mukuthetsa kuyambiranso ku Ubuntu, dinani ku icon ya Ubuntu .

Ngati mutayambanso kukhazikitsa nkhani, monga zosowa kapena zosagwira ntchito (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, printers, scanners), mukhoza kuyang'ana ndi gulu la Ubuntu kuti mudziwe zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zanu zonse.