Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Adilesi ya IP Kuti Mupeze Mauthenga A MAC

Mapulogalamu a makompyuta a TCP / IP amagwiritsira ntchito ma adresse a IP komanso ma adelo a MAC a zipangizo zamakono zogwirizana. Pamene adilesi ya IP amasintha pakapita nthawi, mayendedwe a MAC a adaputala a makina nthawi zonse amakhala ofanana.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe mungafunire kudziwa ma Adilesi a makompyuta akutali, ndipo ndizosavuta kuchita pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wotsatira , monga Prom Prompt mu Windows.

Chipangizo chimodzi chingathe kukhala ndi mautumiki ambirimbiri ndi ma adata a MAC. Kompyutala lapakutopu ndi Ethernet , Wi-Fi , ndi maulumikizidwe a Bluetooth , mwachitsanzo, ali ndi ma adayiti a MAC awiri kapena maulendo atatu omwe amagwirizana nawo, chimodzi pa chipangizo chilichonse cha thupi.

Nchifukwa chiyani Mukuwonetsera Makhalidwe a MAC?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zowonetsera padilesi ya MAC ya chipangizo cha intaneti:

• Kuika foni yamadera a MAC pa router kuti mulepheretse makanema am'deralo kuzipangizo zokha zomwe maadiresi akufanana ndi mndandanda wa zisudzo
• Kuti mudziwe wopanga chipangizo (gawo loyamba la adiresi) ndi nambala yotsatira (theka lachiwiri la adilesi), monga utumiki wothandizira
• Kuti musamangidwe (spoof) kuti mudziwe foni ina. MAC yolumikiza spoofing ingagwiritsidwe ntchito movomerezeka kulembetsa chipangizo choyang'ana pakhomo la nyumba ndi wopereka intaneti. Komabe, zingakhalenso ndi cholinga chofuna kukhala ndi malingaliro, mofanana ndi kugonjetsa chida choseketsa adilesi ya MAC kuti mulowe mu intaneti

Zolephera za Lookups Makhalidwe a MAC

Mwamwayi, sizingatheke kuyang'ana ma adresse a MAC a zipangizo kunja kwa kufika kwa munthu. Nthaŵi zambiri sizingatheke kudziwa ma Adilesi a makompyuta a IP aderese yake yokha chifukwa maadiresi awiriwa amachokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Kusintha kwa makina a makina a kompyuta kumakhazikitsa ma Adresse ake a MAC pomwe dongosolo la intaneti likugwirizanitsa kuti lizindikire aderesi yake ya IP.

Komabe, ngati makompyuta akugwirizanitsidwa ndi mzere wa TCP / IP womwewo, mungathe kudziwa ma Adiresi kudzera mu teknoloji yotchedwa ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) , yomwe ili ndi TCP / IP.

Pogwiritsira ntchito ARP, njira iliyonse yowakonzera mauthenga a pakompyuta amayang'ana ma adilesi onse a IP ndi a MAC kwa chipangizo chilichonse chomwe chatsankhulana nacho posachedwa. Makompyuta ambiri amakulolani kuwona mndandanda wa maadiresi omwe ARP amasonkhanitsa.

Mmene Mungagwiritsire ntchito ARP kuti Mupeze Makhalidwe A MAC

Mu Windows, Linux, ndi machitidwe ena opangira , mzere wotsogolera umagwiritsidwa ntchito "arp" akuwonetseratu zambiri zamakalata a MAC yosungidwa mu cache ya ARP. Komabe, imangogwira ntchito m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a makompyuta pamtunda wamakono (LAN) , osati pa intaneti.

Zindikirani: Pali njira yosiyana yogwiritsira ntchito ma Adilesi a makompyuta omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito , omwe akuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ipconfig / lamulo lonse (mu Windows).

ARP imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oyang'anira dongosolo ndipo si njira yowonjezera yowonetsera makompyuta ndi anthu pa intaneti.

Komabe, m'munsimu muli chitsanzo chimodzi cha momwe mungapezere ma Adilesi kudzera pa intaneti. Choyamba, yambani pinging chipangizo chomwe mukufuna MAC kukhazikitsire:

Lamulo la ping limayambitsa kugwirizana ndi chipangizo china pa intaneti ndipo ayenera kusonyeza zotsatira monga izi:

Gwiritsani ntchito lamulo lotsatira la arp kuti mupeze mndandanda womwe ukuwonetsa ma Adilesi a chipangizo chomwe mudapanga:

Zotsatira zikhoza kuwoneka ngati izi, koma mwinamwake ndi zolemba zambiri:

Pezani adilesi ya IP ya chipangizo m'ndandanda; Adilesi ya MAC ikuwonetsedwa pafupi nayo. Mu chitsanzo ichi, adilesi ya IP ndi 192.168.86.45 ndipo ma CD ake ndi 98-90-96-B9-9D-61 (iwo ali olimba pano kuti awatsindike).