Kodi Kusiyana Ndi Chiyani?
Njira imodzi yofotokozera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makina opanga makompyuta ndiyomwe imawonekera. Zifukwa zam'mbuyo, makampani opanga mauthenga amatanthauza pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa mapangidwe monga mtundu wina wa intaneti . Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malo a m'derali ndi:
- LAN - Local Area Network
- WAN - Wide Area Network
- WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
- MAN - Metropolitan Area Network
- SAN - Storage Area Network, System Area Network, Server Area Network, kapena nthawi zina Small Area Network
- CAN - Campus Area Network, Controller Area Network, kapena nthawi zina Cluster Area Network
- PAN - Malo Okhazikika Pakompyuta
LAN ndi WAN ndiwo magulu awiri oyamba komanso odziwika bwino a malowa, pamene ena adayamba ndi zipangizo zamakono
Zindikirani kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma intaneti imasiyana ndi kugwirizanitsa makompyuta (monga basi, mphete ndi nyenyezi). (Onaninso - Mawu Oyamba pa Mafilimu A Network .)
LAN: Mderalo Wachigawo
LAN imagwirizanitsa zipangizo zamakono pafupi kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri nyumba, sukulu, kapena nyumba zimakhala ndi LAN imodzi, ngakhale nthawi zina nyumba imodzi imakhala ndi LAN zing'onozing'ono (mwina chipinda chimodzi), ndipo nthawi zina LAN idzayang'ana gulu la nyumba zapafupi. Mu kuyanjana kwa TCP / IP, LAN imakhala nthawi zambiri koma siimagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zonse monga IP subnet .
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsira ntchito malo ochepa, LAN amakhalanso ndi mwiniwake, woyendetsedwa, ndi wotsogoleredwa ndi munthu mmodzi kapena bungwe. Amagwiritsanso ntchito mafakitale ena ogwirizana, makamaka Ethernet ndi Token Ring .
WAN: Wide Area Network
Monga momwe chiganizochi chikutanthawuzira, WAN imayendera mtunda waukulu. Internet ndiyo yaikulu WAN, ikuyang'ana Padziko lapansi.
WAN ndi kusonkhanitsidwa kwa malo a LAN. Kachipangizo kamene kamatchedwa router kamagwirizanitsa LAN ku WAN. Pogwiritsa ntchito IP, router imasunga onse adilesi ya LAN ndi adiresi ya WAN.
WAN amasiyana ndi LAN m'njira zingapo zofunika. Ambiri a WAN (monga intaneti) sali a bungwe lina lililonse koma amakhalapo palimodzi kapena amapereka umwini ndi kasamalidwe. WAN amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono monga ATM , Frame Relay ndi X.25 kuti agwirizane pa kutalika.
LAN, WAN ndi Home Networking
Malo okhalamo amagwiritsa ntchito LAN imodzi ndikugwiritsira ntchito intaneti pa WAN kudzera pa Internet Service Provider (ISP) pogwiritsa ntchito modem ya broadband . ISP imapereka adiresi ya WAN IP ku modem, ndipo makompyuta onse pamtanda wa pakhomo amagwiritsa ntchito LAN (otchedwa padera ) ma intaneti. Makompyuta onse omwe ali pa nyumba LAN angathe kulankhulana mwachindunji koma ayenera kudutsa pakatikati pa chitseko cha makanema , kawirikawiri router router , kuti afike ku ISP.
Mitundu Yina ya Malo Othandizira
Ngakhale kuti LAN ndi WAN ndizomwe zimatchulidwa kwambiri pamtundu wotchulidwa, mumatha kuona maumboni ena awa:
- Wopanda Zapanda Local Area Network - LAN yokhazikika pa matekinoloje a waya opanda Wi-Fi
- Metropolitan Area Network - Maselo amatha malo omwe ali aakulu kuposa LAN koma apang'ono kuposa WAN, monga mzinda. MUNTHU amakhala mwini wake ndi wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi bungwe limodzi lokha monga bungwe la boma kapena makampani aakulu.
- Campus Area Network - Njira yochezera ma LAN ambiri koma yaying'ono kuposa MUNTHU, monga yunivesite kapena zamalonda.
- Malo Osungirako - Zida zotumikizira kuzipangizo zosungiramo data kupyolera mu teknoloji monga Fiber Channel .
- System Area Network (yomwe imatchedwanso Cluster Area Network) - Ma kompyuta akuluakulu ogwirizana ndi maulendo othamanga kwambiri mu dongosolo la masango.