Makina abwino amakulolani kutsata machitidwe ena owonjezera pawindo pawokha, kuchokera pa kompyuta yanu yomwe ilipo. Kukongola kwa mapulogalamu a VM ndikuti mungathe kuthamanga mawindo pa Windows pa macOS kapena mosemphana ndi zina, kuphatikizapo zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana za OS zomwe zikuphatikizapo Chrome OS, Linux, Solaris ndi zina.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a VM opangidwa ndi mapulojekiti, omwe amadziwikanso ngati hypervisor, kachitidwe ka kompyuta yanu kamakhala kawirikawiri amatchedwa woyang'anira. Njira yachiwiri yogwiritsira ntchito yomwe imayendetsedwa mkati mwa mawonekedwe a VM nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mlendo.
Pamene mlendo wina wogwiritsira ntchito monga Windows akufuna kugula kwachinsinsi chowonjezera chinsinsi, ena amapezeka kwaulere. Izi zimaphatikizapo magawi ambiri a Linux komanso MacOS, poganiza kuti mukuyendetsa pa Mac Machuma kuyambira 2009 kapena kenako.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuyendetsa macOS mu makina osakanikirana ndi Mac, monga Windows PC, nthawi zina n'zotheka ndi mapulogalamu angapo omwe ali pansipa kuphatikizapo Oracle's VirtualBox. Komabe, macOS imangothamangitsidwa pa Apple hardware ndipo kuchita mosiyana sikungakhale kuphwanya pangano la macos koma zochitika zomwe akugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepetsako, ngongole ndi zosayembekezereka.
M'munsimu muli njira zina zabwino zopezera makina omwe alipo, omwe amapereka maina awo apadera ndi mawonekedwe apadera.
01 ya 06
VMware Workstation
Ndili pafupi zaka makumi awiri pa msika, VMware Workstation nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati malonda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa makina opanga makina - ndi ntchito zake zogwira ntchito zofunikira zambiri.
VMware Workstation imalola njira zowonjezera za 3D pothandizira DirectX 10 ndi OpenGL 3.3, kuchotseratu kuwonongeka kwa zithunzi ndi mavidiyo mkati mwa VMs ngakhale pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu amphamvu. Pulogalamuyi imalola kuti makina osatsegula amatsegulidwe, kuti athe kupanga komanso kuyendetsa ma VM kuchokera kwa ogulitsa mpikisano mkati mwa mankhwala a VMware.
Zomwe zili pamwamba pake zimapangitsa kuti athe kukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mauthenga apamwamba a ma VM, pamene chidziwitso chonse cha deta chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene VMware ikuphatikizidwa ndi zipangizo zachitatu - zomwe zimayambitsa ntchito yonse ya DC .
Zithunzi za VMware zimakulolani kuti muike mayendedwe osiyanasiyana kuti muyesedwe, ndipo kayendedwe kake kamatulutsa maulendo angapo a VM yofanana ndi mphepo - kukulolani kusankha pakati pa zidutswa zamtundu uliwonse kapena ma clones okhudzidwa omwe amadalira pang'ono poyambirira pofuna kuyesa wotchuka kuchuluka kwa malo ovuta.
Phukusili limaphatikizapo kuphatikizapo vSphere, nsanja ya VMware, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi mtambo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti otsogolera onse azitsogoleredwa m'katikati mwa data yanu pafupi ndi makina anu.
Pali maulosi awiri a ntchito, Workstation Player, ndi Workstation Pro, yomwe kale inalipo kwaulere.
Maseŵera amakulolani kuti mupange ma VM atsopano ndikuthandizira machitidwe opitirira 200 oyendetsa alendo. Iyenso amalola kufotokozera mafayilo pakati pa alendo ndi alendo ndipo amasonyeza ubwino wonse wafotokozedwa pamwambapa, komanso kuthandizira mawonetsedwe a 4K .
Kumeneko ufulu waumwini umakhala wochepa, makamaka mbali ya VMware yomwe ikugwira bwino ntchito monga kugwiritsa ntchito VM kuposa nthawi imodzi ndikupeza maluso ambiri omwe tatchulawa monga cloning, snaps, ndi ma Intaneti ovuta.
Pazinthu izi, komanso kukhazikitsa ndi kusamala makina osungidwa, muyenera kugula VMware Workstation Pro. Wogwira Ntchito Akuletsedwanso kuntchito yogulitsa malonda, choncho malonda akuyang'ana kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a Ntchito akuyembekezeredwa kugula zovomerezeka chimodzi kapena zingapo ngati akukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi pasanapite nthawi.
Kupititsa patsogolo kuchokera ku Player mpaka Pro ndi thandizo laling'ono kwambiri kuphatikizapo kukupatsani ndalama zokwana madola 99.99, ndi mapepala ena omwe amapezeka kwa ogula zilolezo khumi kapena kuposa.
Zimagwirizana ndi mapepala otsatirawa:
- Amagawani ambiri a 64-bit Linux
- Mawindo 7 ndi pamwamba (64-bit okha)
- Windows Server 2008 R2 ndi pamwamba
02 a 06
VMware Fusion
Kubweretsedwa kwa iwe ndi anthu omwewo omwe adalenga VMware Workstation kwa Linux ndi Windows, Fusion ports zomwe ziri zofanana zomwe Workstation amapereka kwa platform Mac.
Mosiyana ndi VMware Workstation, pulogalamuyi ndiyiyi yaulere ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti munthu agwiritse ntchito pokhapokha pamene Fusion Pro ikhoza kugulidwa pazinthu zamalonda kapena anthu omwe akufuna kukhala ndi mwayi wopita patsogolo.
Lili ndi machitidwe ena enieni a Mac, monga kuthandizira mawonedwe a 5K iMac komanso zosakanikirana zosiyana siyana za retina ndi zina zomwe sizinachitike. Kuphatikizanso kumaphatikizapo Unity Mode, yomwe imabisa Windows mawonekedwe mawonekedwe ndi kukulolani kuyambitsa ndi kuyendetsa Windows ntchito kuchokera Dock wanu ngati anali mbadwa MacOS.
Ma Fusion omwe amawomboledwa komanso omalipira amaperekanso mwayi wothamangitsa Windows kuchokera ku gawo la Boot Camp monga mlendo VM chitsanzo, kuthetsa kufunika koyambiranso pamene mukufuna kusintha.
Zimagwirizana ndi mapepala otsatirawa:
- MacOS / OS X 10.9 ndi pamwamba
03 a 06
Oracle VM VirtualBox
Choyamba chomasulidwa mu 2007, hypervisor yotseguka yotereyi imapezeka pakhomo pakhomo ndi palimodzi popanda msonkho pansi pa layisensi ya GPLv2.
VirtualBox imathandizira machitidwe osiyanasiyana a alendo, mndandanda umene umasintha mawindo onse a Windows kuchokera ku XP mpaka 10 komanso Windows NT ndi Server 2003. Izi zimakupatsani kuyendetsa ma VM ndi Linux 2.4 ndi pamwamba, Solaris ndi OpenSolaris kuwonjezera pa OpenBSD. Mwapatsidwa ngakhale mwayi woti mutembenukire nthawi ndi kuthamanga OS / 2 kapena DOS / Windows 3.1, kaya ndi zolinga zamakono kapena kuti muzikonda masewera anu akale monga Malo Odyera kapena Pulasitiki ya Radiance m'madera awo.
Mukhozanso kuyendetsa macOS mu VM pogwiritsa ntchito VirtualBox, ngakhale izi zingagwire ntchito ngati ogwiritsira ntchito yanu akugwiritsanso ntchito Mac. Izi makamaka chifukwa chakuti Apple salola kuti kayendetsedwe kawo kagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zopanda Apple. Izi ndizochitika muyezo wa macOS wosungirako, ndipo umagwiranso ntchito pamene muthamanga OS mkati mwa VM yankho.
VirtualBox imathandiza kuti mutha kuyendetsa mawindo ambiri omwe mumakhala nawo alendo nthawi imodzi komanso kumapereka mlingo wokhazikika womwe VM unapangidwira pamodzi wokhayo akhoza kusamutsidwa kwa wina yemwe angakhale ndi mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri.
Zimayendetsa bwino pa hardware yakale, imadziwa zipangizo zambiri za USB ndipo imapereka makalata othandiza a Guest Additions omwe amapezeka kwaulere komanso mosavuta. Zina mwazinthuzi zikuphatikizapo kuthetsa mafayilo ndi zowonjezeramo zomwe zili pakati pa otsogolera ndi ogwira ntchito, mafilimu opangidwa ndi 3D ndi zina zowonjezera mavidiyo kuti athetse mavuto ambiri omwe ali nawo pa VM.
Webusaiti ya malondayi imapereka maphunziro othandizira ndi ovuta kuphatikiza pamodzi ndi makina omwe asanamangidwe, omwe amapangidwira kuti akwaniritse zosowa zachitukuko.
Kulimbitsa anthu omwe amakula kwambiri omwe amafalitsa mabuku atsopano omwe amasindikiza zofalitsa zatsopano nthawi zonse komanso malo ogwira ntchito ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi mamembala pafupifupi 100,000 olembedwa, VirtualBox mbiri yonse koma amatsimikizira kuti apitirizabe kusintha ndi kukhala VM yothetsera nthawi yaitali.
Zimagwirizana ndi mapepala otsatirawa:
- Zambiri zogawa Linux
- MacOS / OS X 10.9 ndi pamwamba
- Solaris 10 (U10 +) ndi pamwambapa
- Windows Vista SP1 +, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10
04 ya 06
Kufanana Kwadongosolo
Wokondedwa wa nthawi yaitali wa Mac okonda omwe nthawi zina amafunika kuthamanga Windows, kufanana kumapereka mwayi wothandizira machitidwe a Windows ndi Mac mbali ndi mbali.
Malingana ndi ntchito yanu yoyamba ya Windows, kaya ndi yopangidwe, chitukuko, masewera a masewera, kapena china, Kufananitsa kumakonza zowonjezera machitidwe ndi zipangizo zamakina zowonera ma Windows zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamva ngati muli pa PC weniweni.
Kufananirana kumapereka zinthu zambiri zomwe mungayembekezere ku VM yothandizira, komanso zambiri za Mac monga kulumikiza mawebusaiti ku IE kapena Edge mwachindunji kuchokera ku Safari msakatuli ndipo Windows akuchenjeza ku Mac Notification Center . Ma foni akhoza kuthamanga mofulumira pakati pa machitidwe opangira awiri, komanso zonse zojambulajambula. Zomwe zikuphatikizidwa ndi Kufananako ndikupatulira malo osungirako malo omwe angathe kugawidwa pa macOS ndi Windows.
Zomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza zokhudzana ndi kufanana ndizimene zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa Windows mu VM mlendo, pomwe zimakulolani kuyendetsa Chrome OS, Linux komanso nthawi yachiwiri ya macOS.
Pali mitundu itatu yofanana yofanana yomwe ilipo, iliyonse yoyenera kwa omvera ena. Magazini yoyamba ikuwombera anthu omwe akusintha kuchokera ku PC kupita ku Mac kwa nthawi yoyamba, komanso wogwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku amene akufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mawindo a Windows nthawi zonse. Lili ndi chida chamakono pamodzi ndi 8GB ya VRAM ndi 4 vCPUs kwa aliyense VM mlendo ndipo imalipira nthawi imodzi ya $ 79.99.
Pulogalamuyi, yokhazikika kwa opanga mapulogalamu, oyesa, ndi ena ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, akuphatikizana ndi Microsoft Visual Studio kuphatikizapo zida zina zadzidzidzi komanso zida za QA monga Jenkins. Maimelo a pakompyuta ndi kuthandizira foni amaperekedwa, pamodzi ndi zipangizo zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito makina komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zamtambo zamtambo. Ndi zovuta 64GB vRAM ndi 16 vCPUs za VM iliyonse, Parallels Desktop Pro Edition ilipo $ 99.99 pachaka.
Chotsatira koma osakayikira ndi Bukhu la Bizinesi, lomwe limaphatikizapo zonsezi pamwamba ndi zipangizo zoyendetsera ndi zogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zilipo pakatikati ndi makina omwe ali ndi chilolezo chokhala ndi chilolezo chomwe chimakulolani kuti muyambe ndikuyang'anira maofesi ofanana ndi maofesi ndi mabungwe onse. Ndalama zonse za Parallels Desktop Business Edition zimadalira chiwerengero cha ziphatso zapamwamba zomwe mukufuna.
Zimagwirizana ndi mapepala otsatirawa:
- MacOS / OS X 10.10 ndi pamwamba
05 ya 06
QEMU
QEMU kaŵirikaŵiri ndizosankha anthu ogwiritsa ntchito Linux, pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezera ndalama komanso zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito. The open source emulator imayimitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hardware, pogwiritsira ntchito ntchito yomasulira yabwino.
Makina othamanga a KVM pamene akugwiritsa ntchito QEMU monga chowunikira amatha kupeza zomwe zimakhala zochitika pachikhalidwe choyenera pa hardware yoyenera, kukupangitsani kuti muiwale kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito VM.
Maudindo apadera ndi oyenerera pa zochitika zina ndi QEMU, monga pamene mukufunikira kupeza zipangizo zanu za USB mkati mwa VM mlendo. Izi ndi zosavuta ndi pulogalamuyi, kuwonjezera kukhumudwa njira zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito.
Zomangamanga zokhazikika za QEMU zakonzedweranso kwa macOS ndi Windows, ngakhale ambiri omwe amagwiritsira ntchito awo amakhala ndi bokosi la Linux monga wolandira.
Zimagwirizana ndi mapepala otsatirawa:
- Zambiri zogawa Linux
- MacOS (OS X 10.7 kapena pamwamba) kudzera kudzera pa a Homebrew phukusi
- Mawindo 32-bit ndi 64-bit Windows
06 ya 06
Makina Opangidwa Ndi Mafunde Osauka
Pakadali pano takambirana za ubwino ndi zoipa za makina osungirako makina omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina osiyanasiyana. Monga momwe zilili ndi matekinoloje ena, makampani ambiri odziwika bwino monga Amazon, Google ndi Microsoft atenga lingaliro la VMs ndi zochitika zamakina ku mtambo, zomwe zikukulolani kuti mukhale ndi makina enieni omwe akupezeka pamasevi omwe amapereka.
Ena amakopeka ndi mphindi imodzi, akukulipirani nthawi yokhayo yomwe mukufuna, pamene ena amalola kuti mipangidwe yonse ikhale yokonzedwa, yokonzedwanso ndi yochitidwa pa seva zozikidwa pamtambo.