Kutsegula Chitsanzo ndi Kupanga Chida cha UV
Kodi Surfacing ndi chiyani?
Mwachizolowezi, chitsanzo cha 3D chomwe chatsirizidwa posachedwa ndi chofanana ndi mapulogalamu ambiri osungira mapulogalamuwa adzawonetsetsa ngati mthunzi wosalowerera, wosalekeza wa imvi. Palibe ziwonetsero, zopanda mtundu, kapena maonekedwe. Zakale kwambiri, zotupa.
Mwachiwonekere, izi sizomwe njirayi ikuonekera potsirizira pake, kotero ndi motani kuti chitsanzo chimachokera ku mthunzi wosasangalatsa wa imvi ku mafotokozedwe mwatsatanetsatane ndi malo omwe timawona m'mafilimu ndi masewera?
Kuyika , zomwe zimaphatikizapo Zolemba za UV , mapu a zojambula , ndi zomangamanga , ndizochitika zonse zowonjezera tsatanetsatane pamwamba pa chinthu cha 3D.
Ntchito ya katswiri wolemba mawu kapena wojambulira angaoneke ngati yosangalatsa kwambiri kusiyana ndi yomwe imakhala yojambula kapena yojambula, koma imathandizanso powonetsa filimu kapena masewera a 3D kuti azichita bwino.
Yesani kulingalira Rango popanda khungu lake lokongola, lopweteka. Kapena Khoma-E popanda ntchito yake yojambula yosakanizika ndi yonyezimira. Popanda gulu labwino la ojambula zithunzi ndi olemba ojambulira iliyonse CG yopanga idzawoneka yosasunthika ndi yosasunthika.
Kujambula ndi kulemberana mauthenga kungakhale mbali ziwiri za ndalama imodzi, koma akadali njira zosiyana, aliyense amayenera kukambirana kwake. Mu gawo loyambirira ili, tidzakambirana za ziwonetsero za UV, ndi chirichonse chomwe chikupita ndi kuwalenga. Pakati pa magawo awiri tidzabweranso ndi kufotokozera mapu, ndiyeno tidzayang'ana mndandandawu ndi kuyang'ana mofulumira pa intaneti.
Kutseketsa Chitsanzo ndi Kupanga Chikhazikitso cha UV
Mapu a malemba, omwe anapangidwa ndi Ed Catmull mu 1974, ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'mbiri ya mafilimu a kompyuta. Kuyika zinthu mwachindunji, mapu a mapangidwe ndi njira yowonjezera mtundu (kapena zina zambiri) ku mtundu wa 3D poyesa kujambula chithunzichi pamtunda.
Komabe, kuti mugwiritse ntchito mapu ojambula pamwamba pa chithunzi, choyamba chiyenera kutsekedwa ndi kupatsidwa ntchito yeniyeni ya UV yojambula ojambula kuti agwire nawo ntchito.
- Chizindikiro cha UV chiwonetsero cha 3D model chophatikizidwa pa ndege ziwiri. Mfundo iliyonse pa ndegeyi imatchedwa UV ndipo imaimira vertex pa chinthu cha 3D. Mwanjira iyi, mbali zonse m'malire a chigawo cha UV zikugwirizana ndi malo enaake. Njira yosavuta yodziwonekera kuti mawonekedwe a UV akuwoneka ndi awa:
- Kodi munayamba mwapangira kapepala pamapepala? Ngati ndi choncho, ganizirani za momwe mumafunikira kudula mu pepala kuti muzitha kulowa m'kachipangizo kameneka-mwinamwake amawoneka ngati mtanda, maulendo anai (nkhope) pamwamba ndi zitatu kudutsa. Ngati kapepala kameneka kanali ka 3D model, khola lirilonse likanakhala pamphepete , ngodya iliyonse idzakhala vertex , ndipo malo onse apansi adzakhala nkhope . Kuzembera chitsanzo ndi zofanana, kupatulapo kawirikawiri nkhope zoposa zisanu ndi chimodzi zimakhala zochepa.
- Kutsekedwa: Kutsekedwa ndi njira yokonzera nkhope iliyonse ya polygonal ndi makonzedwe a UV pazithunzi zazithunzi ziwiri. Makonzedwe a UV akuwonekera ndi kutumizidwa kunja monga chithunzi cha bitmap chithunzi ndi chisankho paliponse pa 512 x 512 mpaka 6000 pixels ndi 6000. Wojambula amene amajambula kapena kupanga mapangidwe a mapepala a chitsanzocho potsirizira pake adzagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo lotsogolera pamene mukupanga mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe.
- Kupanga Kukonzekera Kwabwino kwa UV: Njira yokhala ndi maofesi a UV achitsanzo nthawi zambiri amakhala atatu:
- Wojambulayo amayamba kusankha gulu la nkhope pa chitsanzo, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito mawonekedwe awo kuti apereke maziko oti agwiritse ntchito. Zowonongeka kawirikawiri zimakonzedwa kapena zozungulira malinga ndi mawonekedwe a chinthucho:
- Kukonzekera kwa Planar: Malo otsetsereka ngati khoma kapena pansi angaganizire mapulani, omwe amatanthauza kuti 3D imagwedezeka kuchokera kumodzi (kawirikawiri kuchokera ku kamera). Chophimba chimodzi ndi mapulaneti omwe amatha kupanga mapulani ndikuti zimagwedeza njira yonse, motero ngati mutagwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko yamakono ku kubeti yonse, UV imatha kumtunda.
- Kulingalira kwapakati kumakhala koyenera bwino kwa malo ozungulira, ndipo zimagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi ngati mutatenga chubu, unadulidwa kuchoka kumapeto mpaka kumapeto, ndikutsekedwa mpaka utatha. Palinso mitundu ina yowonongeka, koma maulendo awiriwa ndi ofanana kwambiri.
- Chifukwa chakuti malo ambiri sakhala okongola kapena osakanikirana, njira zojambula zamaphunziro nthawi zambiri zimapereka zotsatira zokhutiritsa. Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, wojambulayo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito maonekedwe a UV poyendayenda pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera kutsogolera ndikukoka zowona. Kukonzekera kwabwino kwa UV kumalimbikitsa kuchepetsa zigawo, ndikupatulira chiwerengero chapamwamba cha chigamulo chokhala ndi mawonekedwe a pamwamba pamtanda, monga nkhope ya munthu, kapena gawo lapamwamba la zovala / zida zawo.
- Ntchitoyi imabwerezedwa kwa ma polygoni onse pa chitsanzo. Wojambulayo amatha kupita kukonzekera, kapena kuphatikiza magulu a UV kuti athetse mapepala ndi kukhazikitsa dongosolo lokonzekera bwino la UV.
Ndipo ndi zimenezo! Pomwe chithunzicho chikutsekedwa, ndondomekoyi imayikidwa m'manja mwa opanga mapepala omwe amatha kupanga mapu a zithunzi zapamwamba pamwamba pa chiwonetsero cha UV chotsirizidwa.