Ndondomeko yomasulira imasewera mbali yofunika kwambiri pa kayendedwe kotsatsa makompyuta . Sitidzapita mozama kwambiri pano, koma palibe kukambirana kwaipi ya CG kukanatha popanda kutchula zida ndi njira zoperekera zithunzi za 3D.
Monga Kukula Mafilimu
Kupereka ndilo gawo labwino kwambiri la kupanga 3D, koma limatha kumvetsetsa mosavuta kufotokoza kufanana kwake: Monga wojambula zithunzi pafilimu ayenera kupanga ndi kusindikiza zithunzi zake asanasonyezedwe, makompyuta opanga mafilimu akulemedwa mofanana zofunikira.
Pamene wojambula akugwira ntchito pa 3D , zojambula zomwe amachititsa ndizomwe zimakhala ndi masamu ndi malo (makamaka mwachindunji, mapepala ndi ma polygoni) mu malo atatu.
Mawu omasuliridwawo amatanthauza mawerengedwe omwe amapangidwa ndi injini ya 3D software phukusi yotembenuza zochitika kuchokera pachiwerengero cha masamu kupita kuchifaniziro cha 2D. Panthawiyi, malo onse a malo, malemba, ndi magetsi amasonkhanitsidwa kuti adziwe momwe mtengo wa pixel uliwonse uliri mujambula.
Mitundu Iwiri Yopereka
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya kutembenuza, kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndikuthamanga kumene mafano amawerengedwera ndi kumaliza.
- Kupereka Nthawi Yeniyeni : Kugwiritsa Ntchito Nthawi Yeniyeni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafilimu ochita maseŵera ndi ophatikizana, kumene zithunzi ziyenera kuwerengedwera kuchokera ku 3D zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi mofulumira.
- Kusagwirizana: Chifukwa n'zosatheka kufotokozeratu momwe wosewera mpira angagwirizane ndi masewera a masewera, zithunzi ziyenera kutanthauzidwa "nthawi yeniyeni" pamene chiwonetsero chikuwonekera.
- Nkhani Zofulumira: Kuti kayendetsedwe kawonongeke, kayendedwe ka 18 mpaka 20 pamphindi ayenera kuperekedwa pawindo. Chilichonse chochepa kuposa ichi ndi zochitika zidzawonekera choppy.
- Njirazi: Kutembenuza nthawi yeniyeni kumapindula kwambiri ndi zipangizo zojambulidwa zojambulajambula (GPUs), komanso pokonzekera kusonkhanitsa zambiri zomwe zingatheke. Zambiri zamakono zowunikira zamasewera ndizoyambidwa ndi "kuphika" mwachindunji ku mawonekedwe a chilengedwe kuti ziwathandize kusintha msanga.
- Kutseguka kwapansi kapena Kupereka kwapadera: Kutsegulira kwapa intaneti sikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazimene mwamsanga kulibe vuto, ndipo kuwerengera kumachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma CPU ochuluka m'malo mojambulira zipangizo zojambulajambula.
- Kulingalira: Kutanthauzira kwapakati pa intaneti kumawonekera kawirikawiri mu zojambula ndi zotsatira zogwira ntchito kumene zovuta zowonetsera ndi kujambula zithunzi zimagwiriridwa kuyezo wapamwamba kwambiri. Popeza palibe chidziwitso cha chomwe chidzawonekera pa chimango chilichonse, studio zazikulu zakhala zikudziwika kuti zimapereka maola 90 pa nthawi yopanga mafelemu.
- Kujambula zithunzi: Popeza kutulutsa kwachinsinsi kunja kumachitika nthawi yotseguka, maulendo apamwamba a kujambula zithunzi akhoza kupindula kusiyana ndi kumasulira kwenikweni nthawi. Anthu, zozungulira, ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi magetsi amavomereza kuti apange mapulogalamu apamwamba, ndi 4k (kapena apamwamba) zosinthidwa mawonekedwe.
Kupereka Njira
Pali njira zazikulu zitatu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri. Aliyense ali ndi ubwino wake wokha ndi ubwino wake, kupanga zonse zitatu zomwe zingatheke pazinthu zina.
- Scanline (kapena kuwonongeka): Kutanthauzira kwa scanline kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira ndi chofunikira, chomwe chimapanga njira yodzipangira nthawi yeniyeni yomasulira ndi zithunzi zosagwirizana. M'malo mopangira pixel-pixel, kujambula kwa scanline kumawerengera pa polygon ndi polygon. Njira zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi kuunikira koyambirira (kuphika) zingapite msinkhu wa mafelemu 60 pamphindi kapena bwino pa khadi lojambula zithunzi.
- Kujambula: Pakutha , pa pixel iliyonse pamalo, kuwala kumodzi (kapena kwina) kumachokera ku kamera kupita ku chinthu chapafupi cha 3D. Dzuwa lowala ndiye limadutsa mumtundu wambiri wa "mabomba", omwe angaphatikizepo kusinkhasinkha kapena kukangamira malinga ndi zipangizo za 3D. Mtundu wa pixel uliwonse umagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi kuunika kwa kuwala kwa zinthu ndi njirayo. Kuwotcha kumatha kukhala ndi chithunzi chachikulu kuposa kujambulira koma kumakhala pang'onopang'ono.
- Mafilimu: Mosiyana ndi raytracing, mafilimu amawerengedwa popanda kujambula kamera, ndipo ali pamwamba pamtundu osati pixel-pixel. Ntchito yaikulu ya ulesi ndikulongosola molondola mtundu wa maonekedwe ndi ndalama zowonetsera kuunika kosaonekera (bounced light diffused). Mafilimu amadziwika kwambiri ndi mithunzi yofewa yomwe imaphunzitsidwa komanso kutuluka m'magazi, kumene kuwala kochokera ku zinthu zobiriwira "kumatulutsa" kumalo apafupi.
- Mwachizoloŵezi, maulendo ndi raditracing amagwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi ndi wina ndi mzake, pogwiritsa ntchito ubwino wa dongosolo lirilonse kuti akwaniritse zovuta zokhudzana ndi zithunzi.
Kupereka Zamakono
Ngakhale kuti amapereka chikhulupiliro pa zowerengera zodabwitsa kwambiri, mapulogalamu a lero amapereka mosavuta kumvetsa magawo omwe amachititsa kuti wojambula asawonongeke masamu. Injini yoperekera ikuphatikizidwa ndi maofesi onse akuluakulu a 3D, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo amaphatikizapo zinthu ndi zowala zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akwaniritse maonekedwe osangalatsa.
Ma injini awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
- Mental Ray - Wophimbidwa ndi Autodesk Maya. Mental Ray ndi wodabwitsa kwambiri, mofulumira, ndipo mwinamwake wovomerezeka kwambiri pazojambula zomwe zimafunikira kusakaza kwa subsurface. Mental ray imagwiritsanso ntchito raytracing ndi "kuunika konsekonse" (chisokonezo).
- V-Ray - Nthawi zambiri mumawona V-Ray akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 3DS Max-palimodzi awiriwa ali osayenerera kotheratu kawonedwe kowonongeka ndi kumasulira kwa chilengedwe. Zopindulitsa kwambiri za VRay pa mpikisano wake ndizo zida zake zowunikira ndi laibulale yaikulu yothandizira arch-viz.
Kupereka ndi phunziro laumisiri, koma lingakhale lokondweretsa pamene mukuyamba kuyang'ana mozama zina mwa njira zamakono.