Tanthauzo la PCI Express
PCI Express, mwachinsinsi Pulogalamu Yophatikiza Powonjezera Express koma kawirikawiri imawonekeratu ngati PCIe kapena PCI-E , ndiyo mtundu wovomerezeka wa zipangizo zamkati mkati kompyuta.
Kawirikawiri, PCI Express imatanthawuza zowonjezera zowonjezera pa bolodi la bokosi lomwe limalandira makhadi owonjezera a PCIe ndi mitundu ya makadi owonjezera.
PCI Express yatha koma m'malo mwa AGP ndi PCI, zonsezi zidasintha mtundu wautumiki wokalamba kwambiri wotchedwa ISA.
Ngakhale makompyuta angakhale ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonjezera, PCI Express imatengedwa kuti ndiyomweyi mkati mwake. Mabungwe ambiri amakompyuta masiku ano amapangidwa ndi PCI Express.
Kodi PCI Express Ntchito Yotani?
Mofananamo ndi miyezo yakale monga PCI ndi AGP, chipangizo cha PCI Express (monga chomwe chikuwonetsedwa pachithunzi patsamba lino) mwakuthupi mumalojekiti a PCI Express pa bokosilo.
Mawonekedwe a PCI Express amalola kulankhulana kwakukulu pakati pa chipangizo ndi makina ojambula, komanso zipangizo zina.
Ngakhale si zachilendo, pulogalamu ya PCI Express imakhalanso, imatchedwa External PCI Express koma imafupikitsidwa ku ePCIe .
Mapulogalamu ePCIe, pokhala kunja, amafuna chipangizo chapadera kuti agwirizane ndi china chilichonse, chipangizo cha ePCIe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku kompyuta pamtunda wa ePCIe, womwe umakhala pamsana kwa makompyuta, womwe umaperekedwa ndi makina a ma bokosi kapena makhadi apakati a PCIe.
Mitundu ya PCI Express Ndiyi?
Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa masewera a kanema ndiwowonongeka komanso makonzedwe owonetsera kanema, makadi a kanema ndiwo mitundu yoyamba ya zipangizo zamakompyuta kuti agwiritse ntchito mapulogalamu operekedwa ndi PCIe.
Ngakhale makadi a kanema ndiwowonjezereka kwambiri a PCIe khadi mudzapeza, zipangizo zina zomwe zimapindula kwambiri mofulumira kwambiri ku bokosilo, CPU , ndi RAM zimapangidwanso ndi PCIe m'malo mwa PCI omwe.
Mwachitsanzo, makadi ambiri omveka kwambiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito PCI Express, monga momwe chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha makina owonetsera makanema ndi opanda waya akuwonjezeka.
Makhadi oyang'anira magalimoto ovuta akhoza kukhala opindula kwambiri ndi PCIe pambuyo pa makadi a kanema. Kugwirizanitsa galimoto yothamanga kwambiri ya SSD ku mawonekedwe apamwamba oterewu kumapangitsa kuwerenga mofulumira kuchokera, ndikulembera, kuyendetsa. Olamulira ena a PCI ovuta kugwiritsira ntchito SSD amalowetsamo, akusintha kwambiri momwe zipangizo zosungirako zakhala zikugwirizanirana mkati mwa kompyuta.
N'zoona kuti PCIe imalowetsa PCI ndi AGP m'mabotolo atsopano atsopano, pafupifupi makhadi onse opititsa patsogolo omwe amadalira makompyuta akalewo akukonzedwanso kuti athandize PCI Express. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga makadi owonjezera a USB , makadi a Bluetooth, ndi zina zotero.
Kodi Maonekedwe Osiyana ndi PCI Express Ndi Osiyana Bwanji?
PCI Express x1 ... PCI Express 3.0 ... PCI Express x16 . Kodi 'x' amatanthauzanji? Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati kompyuta yanu ikuthandizira kuti? Ngati muli ndi PCI Express x1 khadi koma muli ndi phukusi la PCI Express x16 , kodi izi zimagwira ntchito? Ngati sichoncho, kodi mungasankhe chiyani?
Kusokonezeka? Musadandaule, simuli nokha!
Nthawi zambiri sizimveka bwino pamene mukugula makhadi okulitsa pa kompyuta yanu, monga khadi yatsopano yamakanema, yomwe yamakono osiyanasiyana a PCIe amagwira ntchito ndi kompyuta yanu kapena yomwe ili yabwino kuposa inayo.
Komabe, monga zovuta monga zonse zimawoneka, ndizosavuta kumvetsa mukamvetsa mbali ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zokhudza PCIe: gawo lomwe likufotokoza kukula kwake, ndi gawo lomwe likufotokoza njira yamakono, zonsezi zikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Ukulu wa PCi: x16 vs x8 vs x4 vs x1
Monga mutu ukusonyezera, chiwerengero pambuyo pa x chimasonyeza kukula kwa PCIe khadi kapena slot, ndi x16 kukhala yaikulu ndi x1 kukhala wamng'ono kwambiri.
Apa pali momwe kukula kwakukulu kumapangidwira:
| Chiwerengero cha mapepala | Kutalika | |
| PCI Express x1 | 18 | 25 mm |
| PCI Express x4 | 32 | 39 mm |
| PCI Express x8 | 49 | 56 mm |
| PCI Express x16 | 82 | 89 mm |
Ziribe kanthu kukula kwa PCIe kapena khadi, chithunzi chachinsinsi , malo ang'onoang'ono mu khadi kapena pogona, nthawizonse ali pa Pin 11 .
M'mawu ena, ndi kutalika kwa Pini 11 yomwe ikupitirirabe pamene mukuchoka ku PCIe x1 mpaka PCIe x16. Izi zimathandiza kuti ena asinthe kugwiritsa ntchito makadi a kukula kwake ndi malo ena.
Makhadi a PCi amaloledwa pamalo aliwonse a PCI pa bolodi lamasamba lomwe ndi lalikulu ngati ilo. Mwachitsanzo, PCIe x1 khadi idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pa PCIe x4, PCIe x8, kapena PCIe x16. Kalata ya PCie x8 idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pa PCIe x8 kapena PCIe x16.
Makhadi a PCi omwe ndi aakulu kuposa momwe akugwiritsira ntchito PCIe angagwirizane ndi kagawo kakang'ono koma kokha ngati pulogalamuyo ikhale yotseguka (mwachitsanzo, alibe choyimitsa kumapeto kwa chilolezo).
Kawirikawiri, khadi lalikulu la PCI Express kapena mawotchi amathandizira kwambiri ntchito, pogwiritsa ntchito makadi awiri kapena malo omwe mumagwiritsira ntchito pothandizira pulogalamu yomweyo ya PCIe.
Mukhoza kuona chithunzi chodzaza pa siteti ya pinouts.ru.
Mavesi a PCI: 4.0 vs 3.0 vs 2.0 vs 1.0
Nambala iliyonse pambuyo pa PCI yomwe mumapeza pa chogulitsira kapena bolodi lamasewera ikuwonetseratu chiwerengero chaposachedwapa cha mafotokozedwe a PCI Express omwe akuthandizidwa.
Pano pali kusiyana kotani kwa PCI Express:
| Bandwidth (pamsewu) | Bandwidth (pa msewu mu x16 malo) | |
| PCI Express 1.0 | 2 Magetsi / s (250 MB / s) | 32 Magetsi / s (4000 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 2.0 | 4 Magetsi / s (500 MB / s) | 64 Magetsi / s (8000 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 3.0 | 7.877 Gbit / s (984.625 MB / s) | 126.032 Gbit / s (15754 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 4.0 | 15.752 Gbit / s (1969 MB / s) | 252.032 Gbit / s (31504 MB / s) |
Ma PCI Express onse ali kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo, omwe amatanthauzira ngakhale kuti mapepala a PCIe kapena mabotolo anu amathandizira, ayenera kugwira ntchito pamodzi, osachepera.
Monga momwe mukuonera, zosinthika zazikulu za PCIe zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezereka zowonjezera nthawi zonse, kuonjezera kwambiri zomwe zingagwirizanitsidwe ndi hardware.
Kukonzekera kwamasinthidwe kunapangitsanso ziphuphu, zowonjezera, ndi kuyendetsa bwino kwa mphamvu, koma kuwonjezeka kwa chiwongolero ndicho kusintha kwakukulu kofunika kuti muzindikire kuchokera pa tsamba mpaka ma version.
Kukulitsa kugwirizana kwa PCI
PCI Express, pamene mukuwerenga muzithunzi ndi matembenuzidwe pamwambapa, zimathandizira kusintha kwakukulu komwe mungaganizire. Ngati mwakuthupi umagwirizana, mwinamwake ntchito ... yomwe ili yabwino.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe, kuti mutenge bandwidth (yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwirizana ndi ntchito yaikulu), mutha kusankha pepala lapamwamba la PCIe limene bokosi lanu limathandizira ndikusankha kukula kwakukulu kwa PCIe.
Mwachitsanzo, PCIe 3.0 x16 kanema yamakono idzakupatsani ntchito yabwino kwambiri, koma ngati bokosi lanu lamasewera likuthandizanso PCIe 3.0 ndipo lili ndi pulogalamu yaulere ya PCIe x16. Ngati bolodi lanu lamakono limangothandiza PCIe 2.0, khadilo lidzagwira ntchito mpaka liwiro lothandizira (mwachitsanzo 64 Gbit / s mu x16 slot).
Mabotolo ambiri a amayi ndi makompyuta opangidwa mu 2013 kapena pambuyo pake amatha kuthandiza PCI Express v3.0. Fufuzani bokosi lanu lamakina kapena makompyuta ngati simukudziwa.
Ngati simungapeze chidziwitso chotsimikizika pa PCI imene bokosi lanu likuchirikizira, ndikukulimbikitsani kugula makhadi akuluakulu komanso atsopano a PCI, pokhapokha atakwanira, ndithudi.
Kodi Chidzasintha Chiyani PCI?
Osewera masewero a kanema nthawi zonse akuyang'anitsitsa masewera omwe amapanga zochitika zenizeni koma angathe kuchita izi ngati atha kudutsa deta zambiri kuchokera ku masewera awo a VR kumutu kapena makanema a makompyuta ndipo kulowera mofulumira kumafunika kuti izi zichitike.
Chifukwa cha ichi, PCI Express sidzapitirizabe kupuma mpumulo wapamwamba pazinthu zake. PCI Express 3.0 ndi yofulumira, koma dziko limafuna mofulumira.
PCI Express 5.0, chifukwa chomaliza chaka cha 2019, idzagwirizanitsa chiwongolero cha 31.504 GB / s pamtunda (3938 MB / s), kawiri zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi PCIe 4.0. Palinso miyezo yambiri ya mawonekedwe osakhala ndi PC yomwe ikuwonetsedwa ndi mafakitale a zamakono koma popeza ikufuna kusintha kwakukulu kwa hardware, PCIe ikuyang'ana kukhalabe mtsogoleri kwa nthawi yotsatira.