Kodi SHA-1 ndi chiyani?

Tanthauzo la SHA-1 ndi Momwe Ilo Lagwiritsiridwira Kutsimikizira Data

SHA-1 (yochepa kuti ikhale yotetezeka Hashitimu Algorithm 1 ) ndi imodzi mwa zolemba zambiri zolemba ntchito .

SHA-1 imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti fayilo sinasinthidwe. Izi zimachitika polemba checksum musanatenge fayiloyo, ndipo kenaka ikafika pomwe ikupita.

Fayilo yopatsirana ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi yeniyeni kokha ngati ma checksums ali ofanana .

Mbiri & amp; Kuvulazidwa kwa Ntchito ya SHA Hash

SHA-1 ndi imodzi chabe mwazinthu zinayi zomwe zili mu Banja lotetezeka la Hash Algorithm (SHA). Ambiri anapangidwa ndi US National Security Agency (NSA) ndipo inafalitsidwa ndi National Institute of Standards ndi Technology (NIST).

SHA-0 ili ndi kukula kwa uthenga wa 160-bit (kukula kwa hash) ndipo inali yoyamba ya algorithm. Zotsatira za SHA-0 za hayi ndi majerengero 40 yaitali. Linatulutsidwa monga "SHA" mu 1993 koma silinagwiritsidwe ntchito mmagulu ambiri chifukwa linasinthidwa mwamsanga ndi SHA-1 mu 1995 chifukwa cha zofooka za chitetezo.

SHA-1 ndichitsulo chachiwiri cha ntchitoyi. SHA-1 imakhalanso ndi mauthenga a mauthenga a 160 ndi kufuna kuonjezera chitetezo mwa kukonza zofooka zopezeka mu SHA-0. Komabe, mu 2005, SHA-1 inapezedwanso kukhala wosatetezeka.

Pamene zofooka za cryptographic zinapezeka mu SHA-1, NIST inalimbikitsa mu 2006 kulimbikitsa mabungwe a federal kuti agwiritse ntchito SHA-2 pofika chaka cha 2010. SHA-2 ndi wamphamvu kuposa SHA-1 ndipo zovuta zotsutsana ndi SHA-2 sizikuwoneka kuti zichitike ndi mphamvu yamakono yamakono.

Osati kokha ma bungwe a federal, koma ngakhale makampani monga Google, Mozilla, ndi Microsoft onse ayamba kupanga ndondomeko kuti asiye kuvomereza ziphaso za SHA-1 SSL kapena atatseka kale masamba a masambawa kuchokera kumakampani.

Google ili ndi umboni wa kugwirizanitsa kwa SHA-1 komwe kumapangitsa njirayi kukhala yosakhulupirika popanga ma checkcks apadera, kaya ponena za mawu achinsinsi, fayilo, kapena chida china chirichonse. Mungathe kukopera mafayilo awiri apadera a PDF kuchokera ku SHAttered kuti muwone momwe izi zikugwirira ntchito. Gwiritsani ntchito calculator ya SHA-1 kuchokera pansi pa tsamba lino kuti mupange checksum kwa onse awiri, ndipo mudzapeza kuti mtengo ndi wofanana ngakhale iwo ali ndi deta yosiyana.

SHA-2 & amp; SHA-3

SHA-2 inasindikizidwa mu 2001, patapita zaka zingapo pambuyo pa SHA-1. SHA-2 imaphatikizapo ntchito zisanu ndi imodzi zomwe zimakhala ndi kukula kwake kosiyanasiyana: SHA-224 , SHA-256 , SHA-384 , SHA-512 , SHA-512/224 , ndi SHA-512/256 .

Yopangidwa ndi anthu omwe si a NSA ndipo amamasulidwa ndi NIST mu 2015, ndi membala wina wa banja la Safe Hash Algorithm, lotchedwa SHA-3 (kale Keccak ).

SHA-3 sikutanthauza kuti SHA-2 idzasinthidwe monga momwe matembenuzidwe ambuyomu adasinthira kuti asinthe malo oyambirirawo. M'malo mwake, SHA-3 yapangidwa ngati njira ina yopita ku SHA-0, SHA-1, ndi MD5 .

Kodi SHA-1 Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji?

Chitsanzo chimodzi cha dziko lapansi chomwe SHA-1 chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi pamene mukulowa mawu anu achinsinsi pa tsamba lolowera pa webusaitiyi. Ngakhale zikuchitika kumbuyo popanda kudziwa kwanu, ikhoza kukhala njira yomwe webusaitiyi imagwiritsira ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kuti mawu anu achinsinsi ali olondola.

Mu chitsanzo ichi, ganizirani kuti mukuyesera kuti mulowe ku webusaiti yathu yomwe mumakonda kupita. Nthawi iliyonse mukapempha kuti mulowemo, mukufunikira kulowa mu dzina lanu ndi mawu anu achinsinsi.

Ngati webusaitiyi ikugwiritsira ntchito SHA-1 zojambulajambulazo, zimatanthauza kuti mawu anu achinsinsi amatembenuzidwa kukhala checksum mukatha kulowa mkati. Checksum imeneyo ndiye ikuyerekeza ndi checksum yomwe yasungidwa pa webusaitiyi yokhudzana ndi mawu achinsinsi anu, kaya mulibe Ndasintha mawonekedwe anu kuyambira mutayina kapena mutangosintha nthawi yapitayo. Ngati masewera awiriwo, wapatsidwa mwayi; ngati iwo sali, inu mukuuzidwa kuti mawu achinsinsi si olakwika.

Chitsanzo china pamene ntchito ya SHA-1 yotsitsigwiritsidwe ntchito ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kutsimikizira mafayilo. Mawebusaiti ena amapereka SHA-1 checksum ya fayilo pa tsamba lokulitsa kuti pamene mutulutsa fayilo, mukhoza kuwona checksum nokha kuti muwonetsetse kuti fayilo yojambulidwa ndi yofanana ndi yomwe mukufuna kulitsitsa.

Mwinamwake mufunse kuti ntchito yeniyeni ndi yotani. Taganizirani zochitika momwe mumadziwira SHA-1 checksum ya fayilo kuchokera pa webusaiti yathu ya webusaitiyi koma mukufuna kutulutsa zomwezo kuchokera pa webusaiti ina yosiyana. Mutha kupanga SHA-1 checksum kuti muyitseni ndi kuiyerekezera ndi checksum yeniyeni kuchokera pa tsamba lokulitsa.

Ngati awiriwa ndi osiyana ndiye kuti zokhudzana ndi fayilo sizinagwirizane koma kuti pangakhale pulogalamu yachinsinsi yojambulidwa pa fayilo, deta ikhoza kuwonongeka ndikuwononge ma fayilo anu, fayilo siyikugwirizana ndi mafayilo enieni, ndi zina zotero

Komabe, kungatanthauzenso kuti fayilo imodzi ikuimira nthawi yakale ya pulojekiti kusiyana ndi inayi ngakhale ngakhale kusintha kochepa kumeneku kudzapanga phindu lapadera la checksum.

Mukhozanso kufufuza kuti ma fayilowa ali ofanana ngati mukuyika phukusi la msonkhano kapena pulogalamu kapena mauthenga ena chifukwa mavuto amapezeka ngati owona ena akusowa pa nthawi yowonjezera.

Onani Mmene Mungatsimikizire Kukhulupirika kwa Fayilo mu Windows Ndi FCIV kwa phunziro lalifupi pazinthu izi.

SHA-1 Checksum Calculators

Mtundu wapadera wa calculator ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kudziwa checksum ya fayilo kapena gulu la anthu.

Mwachitsanzo, SHA1 Online ndi SHA1 Hash ndi zipangizo zam'manja zomwe zingathe kupanga SHA-1 checksum ya gulu lirilonse la malemba, zizindikiro, ndi / kapena manambala.

Mawebusaitiwa, mwachitsanzo, adzapanga SHA-1 checksum ya bd17dabf6fdd24dab5ed0e2e6624d312e4ebeaba palemba paAssw0rd! .

Onani Kodi Checksum Ndi Chiyani? kwa zina zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zingapeze checksum ya maofesi enieni pa kompyuta yanu osati mndandanda wa malemba.