Kumbukirani pamene Intaneti yogwiritsa ntchito jukebox yakuya mopanda malire inali chabe maloto?
Pofalitsidwa koyamba: Dec. 2009
Ndasinthidwa komaliza: Sept. 2015
Ziri zovuta kufotokozera momveka bwino momwe kuphatikiza kwa iPod ndi iTunes, ndi machitidwe a nzeru a Apple, zasintha miyoyo yathu m'zaka khumi zapitazo. Mwina njira yokhayo yomvetsetsa izi ndi kukhala wokonda kompyuta / Internet / nyimbo mu 2000.
Koma ngakhale kukumbukira nthawi imeneyo si kophweka. Ndi kovuta kukumbukira bwino nthawi popanda iPod ndi iTunes. Zimamva ngati iwo akhala ndi ife nthawi zonse.
Intaneti ndi kusintha kwa digito kwachulukitsa mitundu yambiri ya kusintha kwa mbiriyakale, zamagetsi, ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chinkachitika zaka zambiri. Kusintha sikukwaniritsidwanso komabe -kumatenga mafakitale a nyuzipepala akunyansa chifukwa cha chitsanzo chake chakufa monga chitsanzo chimodzi - koma chikuchitika mofulumira kuposa kale lonse.
Kusintha kwa iPod ndi iTunes ndi microcosm ya kusintha kwakukulu-zosangalatsa, bizinesi, ndi chikhalidwe-kwa khumi ndi theka zapitazi.
IPod: Kuchokera ku Zida za Mtsogoleri Wophatikiza
Sikuti aliyense akudziwa, koma iPod sanali MP3 player yoyamba. Ndipotu, Apple inalola kuti ma MP3 akugulitse malonda kwa zaka zambiri zisanafike.
Ngakhale kuti zipangizo zambiri zisanafike, iPod inali yabwino kwambiri pa nthawi yomwe idapangidwira. Kuwonetsera kwake kosavuta ndi kosavuta koyimba nyimbo kunali kosiyana. Kuphweka kumeneko kunakhalabe pamtima pa iPod ngakhale kuti zinapindula kwambiri, komanso zamphamvu kwambiri.
Sizinali zoonekeratu kuti iPod idzapita kukagulitsa mazana mamiliyoni a mayunitsi. Poyamba, iPod inkaimba nyimbo 1,000 ndipo inagwira ntchito pa Mac. Ena anachotsa chipangizocho, akuchiwona chinthu china cha Apple chomwe chinapangidwa. (Ichi ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa iPod / iTunes komwe kwachititsa: Apple tsopano ndi chikhalidwe chachikulu komanso ndalama zambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri, zakhala zikugulitsa kampani yothandiza kwambiri padziko lonse ndi makampani akuluakulu.)
Mu 2001, osewera ma MP3 anali tanthauzo la mankhwala oyambirira. Pamodzi ndi iwo-kapena mbadwa zawo, mafoni a m'manja-amawonekeratu mu thumba lililonse kapena thumba, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nthawiyo ndi tsopano kumveka.
Kubweretserako nyimbo yanu yonse ya nyimbo kunali kosaganizirika pamaso pa iPod. Pa nthawi yomwe iPod inayamba, ndinkafuna kutenga makalata anga a nyimbo-pafupifupi 200 CD limodzi nane. Chosangalatsa changa chinali CD yomwe inayimba MP3 CD. Wosewerayo analipira madola 250 ndipo akanandifunsa kuti nditenge CD 20+. Zowonongeka kwambiri kuposa 200, koma izo sizikulowetsani mu thumba! IPod inasintha zonsezi. Lero, foni yanga ili ndi nyimbo zoposa 12,000 pa iyo komanso malo ambiri otsala.
Pambuyo pa iPod, nyimbo sizinali kulikonse. Pambuyo pake, zosangalatsa zonse ndi zotheka. Monga foni yamagetsi, iPod inakhazikitsa maziko a mafoni a m'manja, okoma, ndi zipangizo zina zamagetsi.
Kuti muzindikire zotsatira za iPod, yesani izi: kuwerengera chiwerengero cha anthu omwe mumadziwa omwe alibe MP3 osewera kapena mafoni.
Taganizani za izo. Zedi, pali mankhwala pafupifupi aliyense ali ndi-TV, galimoto, foni, chirichonse-koma awo ndi magulu ndi katundu kuchokera ku makampani osiyanasiyana. Izi sizili choncho ndi osewera ma MP3. Ngati anthu oposa 20% a ma MP3 omwe akukuthandizani pamoyo wanu ali ndi chinachake china osati iPod, ndingadabwe.
Ndi momwe mumayendera kusintha kwa chikhalidwe.
iTunes imatenga siteji
Pamene zaka khumi zinayamba, iTunes adalipo, koma osati momwe tikudziwira lero. Idayambitsa moyo monga SoundJam MP. Apple anaigula mu 2000 ndipo adaigwiritsanso ntchito iTunes mu 2001.
Ma iTunes oyambirira sanasunthire nyimbo ku iPod (yomwe inalibepobe) ndipo sanagulitse nyimbo zojambulidwa. Iwo amangobvula CD ndi kusewera ma MP3.
M'chaka cha 2000, panalibe sitolo yaikulu pa intaneti yomwe imatha kuimba . Koma padali maloto: jukebox of infinite depth, omwe amapezeka pa intaneti, kuti wina aliyense angagwiritse ntchito kumva nyimbo iliyonse yomwe anailemba nthawi iliyonse yomwe akufuna.
Loto limenelo linali logawidwa kwambiri, ndipo makampani ambiri amayesera kuzizindikira. Ena - Napster ndi MP3.com, makamaka makamaka-anabwera pafupi, koma analephera kulemera kwa milandu yamakampani. Chifukwa panalibe njira yabwino yovomerezeka yotsatila, piracy inakula.
Kenako panafika Masitolo a iTunes. Zinayambira mu 2003, ndi zilembo zazikulu ndi za indie, mitengo yamtengo wapatali- $ 0.99 ya nyimbo, $ 9.99 pa mafilimu ambiri-ndi dongosolo la kasamalidwe ka ufulu wa digito .
Momwe anthu ogula njala analili chifukwa cha izi zingathe kufotokozedwa mwachidule: zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zokha, iTunes inachokera ku sitolo yapamwamba yopita ku digito kupita ku wofalitsa wamkulu wa nyimbo padziko lonse.
Dziko lalikulu kwambiri. Osati malo aakulu kwambiri pa intaneti, wamkulu kwambiri kulikonse . Iwo unakula bwino pamene ogula anagula nyimbo zambiri kuposa kale ndipo nyimbo zazikulu za nyimbo-Tower Records, zimabwera m'maganizo-zinapita kunja. Palibe chithunzi chabwino cha kusintha kwa thupi kupita ku digito zaka khumi izi kuposa izo. Poyika mfundo zabwino kwambiri, Apple tsopano ndiwotheka kwambiri mu makina oimba, atapatsidwa mphamvu ya iTunes ndi iPhone kuti apititse patsogolo ndi kufalitsa.
ITunes inasinthiranso momwe timayanjanirana ndi ma TV. Tsopano tikuyembekeza kupeza zofalitsa zomwe timafuna nthawi iliyonse yomwe tikufuna. Timayang'ana TV pa ndondomeko yathu, nyimbo iliyonse ikhoza kukhala ndi zingapo zing'onozing'ono. Apple siinawalenge, koma ndiyo yaikulu yogawira podcasts. Iwo tsopano ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la zochitika zofalitsa.
Masiku ano, anthu amatha kuwombola kapena kusaka nyimbo kusiyana ndi kugula CD (ambiri amasiya nyimbo zonse; ngati sindingathe kupeza nyimbo pa intaneti, nthawi zambiri sindimazipeza), ndipo izi ndizosintha kusintha kwambiri bizinesi. Izi zikutsogolera maunyolo a nyimbo mumzinda wa Newbury Comics akutsimikiza kuti kukhala kwawo kuli pangozi ngakhale kuti ali ndi malo 28 mu New England (pofika 2015, chiwerengero chimenecho chinali 26).
ITunes-pamodzi ndi Napster kumayambiriro kwa zaka khumi ndi MySpace pakati pa anthu omwe amakonda oimba nyimbo kuti intaneti ndi yoyamba, malo abwino kwambiri oyenera kuyendamo nyimbo. Monga momwe mafakitale ambiri aphunzire, kamodzi kokha kusintha kwa digito, sikungabwererenso.
Umu ndi momwe zimakhalira mpaka kusintha kwina kwasintha kumakopetsa zojambulajambula.
Apple Imayankha Kukhamukira ndi Apple Music
Pofika chaka cha 2013, kusintha kwatsopano kunali kothamanga ndipo Apple anali kusewera. Kugulitsa nyimbo kumakhala kuchepa, kumalowa ndi kusungira mautumiki a nyimbo . M'malo mokhala ndi nyimbo, ogwiritsa ntchito amalipira malipiro a mwezi uliwonse kwa nyimbo zomwe ankafuna. Inali yabwino kwambiri ya jukebox yopanda malire yomwe inalimbikitsa Napster ndi iTunes.
Otsatira akuluakulu, makamaka Spotify, anali ndi makumi ambirimbiri ogwiritsa ntchito. Koma apulogalamuyi adakayikirabe njira yake yowunikira ndi iTunes.
Mpaka iwo sunali. Mchaka cha 2014, apulogalamuyi adapeza ndalama zambiri zokwana US $ 3 biliyoni kuti agule Beats Music, yomwe idakondwera ndi mitu yabwino kwambiri ya mafilimu ndi oyankhula, komanso maulendo a nyimbo.
Apple anatha chaka kusintha kuti nyimbo yamtumiki ndipo mu June 2015 adayambanso Apple Music . Utumiki umenewo, womwe umapezeka pa mafakitale-mtengo wofanana wa $ 10 / mwezi, amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusuntha pafupifupi nyimbo iliyonse muTitolo ya iTunes, adaonjezera Beats yotchuka kwambiri yoyendetsedwa ndi wailesi, ndi zina zambiri. Tsopano, apulo akukwera mutu ndi mutu ndi Spotify, pa Spotify mwini wake.
Ndemanga zoyamba za Apple Music zasakanizidwa , koma njira ya Apple m'zaka za zana la 21 yakhala ikulola ena mapulogalamu atsopano a apainiya ndikubwera ndi kuwayang'anira iwo mtsogolo.
Nthawi yokhayo idzauza ngati ingagwiritse ntchito matsenga omwewo pamasewero osungunuka monga momwe anachitira matewera a MP3, mafoni, kujambula kwa digito, ndi mapiritsi. Koma ndikupambana kwambiri zaka 15 zapitazi, sindikanatha kupikisana ndi Apple.