Chitetezo chopanda foni chimayambira ndi router yanu
Kusunga makanema anu opanda pakhomo ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti muteteze owononga. M'mabanja ambiri, router imayima pakati pa anthu ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba ndi anthu omwe angalowetse deta yawo pofuna cholinga. Komabe, kungotsegula mu router sikukwanira kuti muteteze makina anu opanda waya . Mukufunikira makiyi opanda waya a router ndi zipangizo zonse m'nyumba mwanu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito router. Mfungulo wopanda waya ndi mtundu wa mawu achinsinsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa makanema opanda makompyuta a Wi-Fi kuti awonjezere chitetezo chawo.
WEP, WPA ndi WPA2 Keys
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) ndilo lamulo lalikulu lachitetezo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma Wi-Fi. Malemba oyambirira a WPA adayambitsidwa mu 1999, m'malo mwachikhalidwe chokalamba chotchedwa Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) . WPA yatsopano yotchedwa WPA2 inapezeka mu 2004.
Malamulo onsewa akuphatikizapo kuthandizira kufotokozera, zomwe ndizomwe zingathe kuthamangitsa deta kutumizidwa pazitsulo zopanda waya kuti zisamvetseke mosavuta ndi akunja. Kugwiritsa ntchito makina osayendetsedwa opanda waya kumagwiritsira ntchito njira zamasamu zochokera pa makompyuta opangidwa mwachisawawa. WEP amagwiritsa ntchito njira yolembera yomwe imatchedwa RC4, yomwe yapachiyambi ya WPA inasintha ndi Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP). Zonse ziwiri za RC4 ndi TKIP zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Wi-Fi zinasokonezedwa ngati akatswiri a chitetezo adapeza zolakwika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ndi otsutsa. WPA2 inayambitsa Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) monga malo a TKIP.
RC4, TKIP, ndi AES onse amagwiritsa ntchito mafungulo opanda waya opanda utali wosiyanasiyana. Makina opanda waya awa ndi nambala za hexadecimal zomwe zimasiyana muutali-makamaka pakati pa 128 ndi 256 bits kutali-malingana ndi njira yobweretsera. Chiwerengero chilichonse cha hexadecimal chimaimira zigawo zinayi za fungulo. Mwachitsanzo, kiyi 128-bit akhoza kulembedwa ngati nambala ya hex ya ma 32.
Mafafrases vs. Mavesi
A passphrase ndichinsinsi chogwirizanitsidwa ndi fungulo la Wi-Fi. Zithunzi zapasiprasi zingakhale zosachepera zisanu ndi zitatu ndikufikira pamtundu wa makumi asanu ndi limodzi (63) m'litali. Chikhalidwe chilichonse chingakhale kalata yaikulu, kalata yochepa, chiwerengero, kapena chizindikiro. Dongosolo la Wi-Fi limatembenuza kumasulira mazenera a kutalika kwasinkhu muyiyi ya hexadecimal ya kutalika kwake.
Kugwiritsira ntchito Zopanda Zapanda
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito makiyi opanda waya pamtunda wa nyumba, woyang'anira ayenera poyamba athandize njira yodzitetezera pamtunda wautali . Oyendetsa kunyumba amapereka chisankho pakati pa zinthu zambiri zomwe mungasankhe
- WEP
- WPA
- WPA2-TKIP
- WPA2-AES
Pakati pa izi, WPA2-AES iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuli kotheka. Zipangizo zonse zogwirizana ndi router ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi router, koma zipangizo zakale za Wi-Fi sizikuthandizidwa ndi AES. Kusankha chisankho kumalimbikitsa wosuta kuti alowe muphatikizi kapena fungulo. Ena amalola kulowetsa makiyi angapo mmalo mwa imodzi yokha kupereka olamulira ambiri kulamulira pa kuwonjezera ndi kuchotsa zipangizo kuchokera kumagulu awo.
Chida chilichonse chosayenerera chomwe chikugwirizanitsidwa ndi makompyuta a nyumba chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi zolemba zofanana kapena zofunikira pa router. Mfungulo sayenera kugawidwa ndi alendo.