Kuganizira pa intaneti iliyonse, chitetezo n'chofunika kwambiri pa intaneti opanda Wi-Fi . Anthu ophwanya malamulo mosavuta amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mauthenga osayendetsa opanda magetsi pamsewu wotseguka komanso kuchotsa chidziwitso ngati mapepala ndi manambala a khadi la ngongole. Makanema ambiri otetezera makina a Wi-Fi apangidwa kuti athetse owononga, ndithudi, ngakhale kuti ena mwa matekinolojewa angathe kugonjetsedwa mosavuta.
Kusintha kwa Deta la Network
Mitundu ya chitetezo cha intaneti nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje okopera. Kujambula kutseketsa deta yomwe imatumizidwa pa intaneti kugwirizanitsa mauthenga kwa anthu pamene ikulola makompyuta kuti adziwe bwino mauthengawo. Njira zamakina zamakina zamakina zilipo mu mafakitale.
Kutsimikizika kwa Network
Teknoloji yotsimikizirika ya makina a makompyuta amatsimikizira kuti zipangizo ndi anthu ndi ndani. Machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito makina monga Microsoft Windows ndi Apple OS-X akuphatikizapo chithandizo chovomerezeka chokhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayina ndi osintha. Mautumiki a makompyuta a kunyumba amatsimikiziranso olamulira powalimbikitsa kuti alowe zizindikiritso zosiyana zolowera.
Tsambali la Network Wifi la Wi-Fi
Mauthenga a pa Intaneti a Wi-Fi amayenda kudzera mu router kapena malo ena opanda pake. Mwinanso, Wi-Fi imathandizira njira yotchedwa ad hoc wireless yomwe imalola zipangizo kuti zigwirizanane mwachindunji kwa anzako kuti azitsanzira mafashoni. Popeza mulibe malo oyenera owonetsera, chitetezo cha ma Wi-Fi wothandizira amatha kukhala otsika. Akatswiri ena amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mauthenga otchuka a Wi-Fi pa chifukwa ichi.
Makhalidwe Amtundu Wachidziwitso wa Wi-Fi
Ma Wi-Fi ambiri kuphatikizapo makompyuta, maulendo, ndi mafoni amathandiza miyezo yambiri ya chitetezo. Mitundu ya chitetezo yomwe ilipo ndipo ngakhale mayina awo amasiyana malinga ndi zomwe zipangizo zimatha.
WEP amaimira Wired Equivalent Privacy. Ndiyomweyi yapachiyambi yopanda chitetezo cha Wi-Fi ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa makompyuta a kunyumba. Zida zina zimathandizira WEP chitetezo
- WEP-64-bit key (nthawi zina amatchedwa WEP-40)
- WEP 128-bit key (nthawi zina amatchedwa WEP-104)
- WEP key 256-bit
ndi kulola wotsogolera kusankha imodzi, pamene zipangizo zina zimangotsimikizira njira imodzi yokha ya WEP. WEP sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati njira yomaliza, popeza ikupereka chitetezo chochepa.
WPA imayimira Wi-Fi Protected Access. Muyeso uwu wapangidwa kuti ukhale m'malo mwa WEP. Zida za Wi-Fi zimapereka maofesi osiyanasiyana a WPA. Chikhalidwe cha WPA, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti WPA-Personal komanso nthawi zina amatchedwanso WPA-PSK (chofunika choyikidwa patsogolo), chakonzedwa kuti chiyanjanitse pakhomo pomwe wina, WPA-Enterprise, wapangidwira makanema azinthu. WPA2 ndi Wi-Fi Protected Access yomwe imathandizidwa ndi zipangizo zonse zatsopano za Wi-Fi. Mofanana ndi WPA, WPA2 imapezekanso mu Maonekedwe a Munthu / PSK ndi Makampani.
802.1X amapereka chitsimikizo cha makina ku Wi-Fi ndi mitundu ina ya ma intaneti. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malonda akuluakulu monga chipangizochi chikufuna luso lina lokhazikitsa ndi kusunga. 802.1X amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi Wi-Fi ndi mitundu ina ya ma intaneti. Mu mawonekedwe a Wi-Fi, olamulira nthawi zambiri amatha kutsimikizira 802.1X kuti agwire ntchito limodzi ndi WPA / WPA2-Enterprise encryption.
802.1X amadziwika kuti RADIUS .
Makina Otetezera Otetezedwa ndi Zithunzi Zotsutsa
WEP ndi WPA / WPA2 gwiritsani ntchito mafungulo osakaniza opanda waya , maulendo angapo a manambala a hexadecimal . Kuphatikizira mfundo zazikulu ziyenera kulowa mu Wi-Fi router (kapena kupeza malo) ndi makina onse osakaniza ofuna kuyanjana nawo. Muchitetezo chotetezera, mawu akuti passphrase angatanthauzire mawonekedwe ophweka omwe ali ndi makina osindikizira omwe amangogwiritsa ntchito zilembo zamagulu m'malo mwa zikhalidwe za hexadecimal. Komabe, mawuwa amatsitsimutsa ndipo makiyi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasinthasintha.
Kukonzekera Wi-Fi Security Kwambiri Mapulogalamu
Zida zonse pamtunda wopezeka pa Wi-Fi ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zofanana zokhudzana ndi chitetezo. Pa ma PC 7 a Windows, zizindikiro zotsatirazi ziyenera kulowetsedwa pa Tsambete la Security la Wireless Network Properties kwa intaneti.
- Mtundu wa chitetezo umatanthawuza zosankha zowonjezera monga Open, Shared, WPA-Personal and -Enterprise, WPA2-Personal and -Enterprise, ndi 802.1X. Chotsatira Chotsatira sichigwiritsa ntchito kutsimikizirika, pamene Gawa imagwiritsira ntchito WEP pofuna kutsimikizira.
- Zosankha zosankha zomwe zilipo zimadalira mtundu wa Chitetezo wosankhidwa. Kuphatikizapo Palibe, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha ndi zotsegula zotsegula , WEP njira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi WEP kapena 802.1X kutsimikiziridwa. Zina zina ziwiri, zomwe zimatchedwa TKIP ndi AES, zimagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ovomerezeka ogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito WPA banja la malamulo otetezera Wi-Fi.
- Mphindi wosakaniza kapena passphrase akhoza kufotokozedwa mu fungulo la Network security pamene pakufunika.
- Mndandanda wamtengo wapatali, wokhala pakati pa 1 ndi 4, umatanthawuza malo a makina ofananako omwe amasungidwa pa waya opanda waya (malo opumira). Mabotolo ambiri a kunyumba amalola makina anayi osiyana siyana omwe amatha kufotokozera kuyambira 1 mpaka 4 kuti akonzekere kuti athandize makasitomala ovomerezeka popanda kuwakakamiza kuti onse agwiritse ntchito makiyi amodzi.