Momwe TV ndi HDTV zimagwirizanirana ndi Miyezo ya Analog Television
Owonera ambiri pa TV padziko lonse amaganiza kuti ndi mawu oyamba ndi kuvomerezedwa kwa TV ndi HDTV, zolepheretsa zakale zowonetsera kanema zachotsedwa. Komabe, izi ndi lingaliro lolakwika. Ngakhale kuti kanema nthawi zambiri imakhala yamagetsi, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mavidiyo omwe analipo pansi pa mafilimu a analog, mlingo wamakono, akadali maziko a Digital TV ndi HDTV miyezo .
Kodi Makhalidwe Okhazikika Ndi Otani?
Mu kanema (onse Analog, HD, komanso 4K Ultra HD ), monga momwe amawonera mufilimu, zithunzi zomwe mumaziwonera pa TV kapena mavidiyo akuwonetsedwa ngati mafelemu. Komabe, ngakhale kuti zomwe mukuwona ndizithunzi zonse, pali kusiyana pakati pa mafelemu omwe amafalitsidwa ndi ofalitsa, kutumizidwa kudzera kusindikiza kapena mafilimu, ndi / kapena kuwonetsedwa pawindo la kanema.
Mizere ndi Pixels
Zithunzi zamagetsi zomwe zimatulutsidwa pompano kapena zolembedwa, zimapangidwa ndi mizere yojambulidwa kapena mizere ya pixel . Komabe, mosiyana ndi kanema, momwe chithunzi chonsechi chikuwonetsedwa pazenera panthawi yomweyo, mizere kapena pixel ikumayang'ana pa chithunzi cha kanema akuwonetsedwa pawindo kuchokera pazenera pazenera ndikusunthira pansi. Mizere iyi kapena mizere ya pixel ingasonyezedwe m'njira ziwiri.
Njira yoyamba yosonyezera zithunzi ndi kugawaniza mizere iwiri m'minda yomwe mizera yonse yosadziwika kapena mizere ya pixel ikuwonetsedwa poyamba ndipo kenako mizere yonse yowerengeka kapena mizere ya pixel imasonyezedwa motsatira, makamaka, kupanga fomu yonse . Njirayi imatchedwa kusinthana kapena kusakanikirana .
Njira yachiwiri yosonyezera zithunzi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa LCD, Plasma, DLP, OLED makanema apanema apakompyuta ndi makanema a kompyuta , imatchedwa kupititsa patsogolo . Izi zikutanthawuza kuti mmalo mowonetsera mizere muzinthu zina ziwiri, kuyang'ana kwapang'onopang'ono kumalola mizera kapena mizere ya pixel kuti iwonetsedwe sequentially. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mizere yonse yosamvetseka komanso yowerengeka kapena mizere ya pixel imasonyezedwa motsatizana.
NTSC ndi PAL
Chiwerengero cha mizere yofanana kapena mizere ya pixel imatipatsa mphamvu yopanga chithunzi chokwanira, koma pali zambiri pa nkhaniyi. Zili zoonekeratu pamtundu uno kuti yaikulu kwambiri ya mizere yofanana kapena mizere ya pixel, yomwe imatchulidwa kwambiri. Komabe, mkati mwa masewero a kanema wa analog, nambala ya mizere yofanana kapena mizere ya pixel imayikidwa mkati mwa dongosolo. Mawonekedwe awiri a kanema a kanema ndi NTSC ndi PAL .
NTSC imachokera pamzere wa 525 kapena pixel, masamba 60 / mafelemu-awiri pamphindi, pa 60Hz njira yofalitsira ndi kusonyeza zithunzi za kanema. Imeneyi ndi njira yopangidwira yomwe chimango chilichonse chikuwonetsedwa m'magulu awiri a mizere 262 kapena mizere ya pixel yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mosiyana. Masamba awiriwa akuphatikizidwa kotero kuti chithunzi chilichonse cha vidiyo chiwonetsedwe ndi mizere 525 kapena mizere ya pixel. NTSC inasankhidwa kukhala mavidiyo a analog ku America, Canada, Mexico, mbali zina za Central ndi South America, Japan, Taiwan, ndi Korea.
PAL inasankhidwa kuti ikhale yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse pa TV ndi mavidiyo a analog. PAL yokhazikika pamzere wa 625 kapena mzere wa pixel, gawo la 50/25 mafelemu yachiwiri, 50Hz. Chizindikiro chimayendetsedwa, monga NTSC m'minda iwiri, yokhala ndi mizere 312 kapena pixel. Popeza pali mafelemu osachepera (25) omwe amawonetsedwa pamphindi, nthawi zina mumatha kuyang'ana pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, mofanana ndi zozizwitsa zowonekera pa filimuyo. Komabe, PAL imapereka chifaniziro chapamwamba komanso mtundu wabwino kuposa NTSC. Mayiko okhala ndi mizu ya PAL ndi UK, Germany, Spain, Portugal, Italy, China, India, Australia, ambiri a Africa ndi Middle East.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri pazithunzithunzi za PAL ndi NTSC za kanema, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro za PAL ndi NTSC zenizeni, yang'anirani nkhani yathu: Zowonjezereka za Mavidiyo Padziko Lonse .
DigitalTV / HDTV ndi NTSC / PAL Frame Rates
Ngakhale kuti njira yowonjezera yowonjezera, kufalitsa ma digito, ndi mapulogalamu otchuka a mavidiyo pulogalamuyi ndizoyendera kwa ogula, poyerekeza HDTV ndi miyezo ya analog NTSC ndi PAL, maziko ofanana a onse awiriwa ndi Frame Rate.
Malingana ndi mavidiyo a chikhalidwe, m'mayiko omwe akuchokera ku NTSC muli mafelemu 30 omwe amawonetsedwa mphindi iliyonse (1 chimango chokwanira chilichonse 1/30 chachiwiri), pamene ali mu maiko a PAL, pali mafelemu 25 omwe amawonetsedwa mphindi iliyonse (1 chithunzi chokwanira chinawonetsera zonse 1/25 zachiwiri). Mafelemu awa amawonetsedwa pogwiritsira ntchito njira yotchedwa Interlaced Scan (yoimiridwa ndi 480i kapena 1080i) kapena Progressive Scan njira (yomwe imaimira 720p kapena 1080p).
Pogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Digital TV ndi HDTV , maziko a mafelemu omwe amasonyezedwa akadali ochokera m'mapangidwe a kanema oyambirira a NTSC ndi PAL. Posakhalitsa, dziko lakale la NTSC, Digital ndi HDTV likugwiritsira ntchito gawo 30 lachiwiri-thunzi lachiwiri, posakhalitsa mayiko omwe ali ndi PAL akugwiritsira ntchito mpangidwe wamakono 25 pa mphindi.
NTSC yochokera ku TV TV / HDTV Frame Rate
Pogwiritsira ntchito NTSC monga maziko a Digital TV kapena HDTV, ngati mafelemu akufalitsidwa monga chithunzi chopangidwa (1080i), chimango chilichonse chimapangidwa ndi madera awiri, ndipo munda uliwonse umawonetseratu zaka 60, lachiwiri, pogwiritsa ntchito NTSC 30-frame-second frame frame. Ngati chithunzicho chimafalikira mu mtundu wopita patsogolo (720p kapena 1080p) amasonyezedwa kawiri pa makumi atatu aliwonse a wachiwiri. Pazochitika zonsezi, mndandanda wapadera wodzitanthauzira wamtunduwu umasonyezedwa pa makumi atatu ndi atatu pa mzake m'mayiko omwe kale anali a NTSC.
PAL yochokera ku TV TV / HDTV Frame Rate
Pagwiritsa ntchito PAL ngati maziko a Digital TV kapena HDTV, ngati mafelemu akufalitsidwa ngati chithunzi cha 1080i, chimango chilichonse chimapangidwa ndi minda iwiri, ndipo munda uliwonse umawonetseratu makumi asanu ndi limodzi, lachiwiri, pogwiritsa ntchito PAL yokhazikika 25 piritsi-yachiwiri chimango mlingo. Ngati chithunzicho chimafalikira mu mtundu wopita patsogolo ( 720p kapena 1080p ) amawonetsedwa kawiri pa 25 pa sekondi. Pazochitika zonsezi, mawonekedwe apadera apamwamba awonetseratu ma 25 alionse achiwiri pa TV pa maiko omwe kale anali a PAL.
Kuti muyang'ane mwakuya pa Pulogalamu ya Pakanema ya Video, komanso Phindu la Refresh, lomwe ndi ntchito yowonjezera yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi TV yomwe imakhudza momwe fano likuwonekera pazenera, onani nkhani yathu: Video Frame Rate vs Screen Refresh Linganirani .
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
TV TV, HDTV, ndi Ultra HD, ngakhale kuti mukuyang'ana kwambiri pa zomwe mumawona pa TV kapena pulogalamu yamakono, makamaka ponena za kuwonjezereka kwasintha ndi tsatanetsatane, adakali ndi miyeso ya vidiyo ya analog yomwe ili zaka zoposa 60 zakale. Zotsatira zake, zilipo ndipo zidzakhala, chifukwa cha tsogolo labwino, kusiyana kwa Digital TV ndi ma TV HD zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimalimbikitsa zolepheretsa kuwonetsera mavidiyo awonetsedwe padziko lonse kwa ogwira ntchito ndi ogula.
Komanso, tisaiwale kuti ngakhale kuti ma TV a analog NTSC ndi PAL TV ali, kapena kuti, atayika m'mayiko ochulukira pamene kutembenuka kumapitirira ku digito ndi HDTV kupititsa patsogolo, pali makanema ambiri a NTSC ndi PAL zipangizo zojambula, monga VCRs, makanema a analog, ndi ma CD omwe alibe HDMI omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi omwe amalowetsedwa ndi kuwonekera pa ma HDTV.
Kuonjezera apo, ngakhale ndi mawonekedwe, monga Blu-ray Disc, pali zochitika ngakhale kuti kanema kapena kanema mavidiyo angakhale mu HD, zina zina zowonjezera mavidiyo angakhalebe muyeso ndondomeko NTSC kapena PAL mawonekedwe.
N'kofunikanso kuti ngakhale zokhudzana ndi 4K zimapezeka pakadalirika ndi Disc HD-Blu-ray , ma TV 4K ma TV akadali kumayambiriro kwa kukhazikitsidwa, makanema mavidiyo (TV) omwe 4K-ovomerezekabe akufunikira kuthandizira Mafilimu a analog pokhapokha ngati pali kanema kanema kanema ndi mavidiyo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndiponso, kuchenjezedwa 8K kusindikiza ndi kulengeza kungakhale kutali.
Ngakhale kuti tsikulo lidzafika (mwinamwake mwamsanga kuposa mtsogolo), kumene simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mavidiyo a analog, monga VCRs, kukhazikitsidwa kwa muyeso weniweni wa kanema sikudalipobe.