Progressive Scan - Maziko a kanema processing
Ndi mawu ake oyambirira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990, DVD imakhala maziko a nyumba yosinthira masewera. Ndi khalidwe lake labwino la chithunzi pa VHS ndi TV ya Analogog, DVD imakhala patsogolo kwambiri pa zosangalatsa zapanyumba. Imodzi mwa zopereka zazikulu za DVD inali ntchito ya njira yopititsira patsogolo yopititsa patsogolo kuyang'ana kwa TV.
Kusinthana Kwadongosolo - Maziko a Kuwonetsera Zachikhalidwe Chachikhalidwe
Tisanalowe muyeso yomwe ikupita patsogolo komanso kufunika kwake pakukonzekera kuona ma TV, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe ziwonetsero zamakono za analoji zimasonyezera pawonekedwe la pa TV. Zizindikiro za TV za analog , monga zochokera m'deralo, kampani yamakina, kapena VCR inawonetsedwa pa kanema pa TV pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji yotchedwa Interlaced Scan. Panali njira ziwiri zoyendetsera mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito: NTSC ndi PAL .
- NTSC yakhazikitsidwa ndi dongosolo la 525-mizere, masamba 60 / mafelemu-awiri pamphindi pa 60 Hz yofalitsa ndi kusonyeza zithunzi za kanema. Imeneyi ndi njira yopangidwira yomwe felemu iliyonse imasankhidwa m'magulu awiri a mizere 262, yomwe ikuphatikizidwa kuti isonyeze chithunzi cha kanema ndi mizere 525 yokujambulira. Mayiko okhala ndi maziko a NTSC ndi US, Canada, Mexico, mbali zina za Central ndi South America, Japan, Taiwan, ndi Korea.
- PAL yakhazikika pamasamba 625, 50 / mafelemu yachiwiri, 50HZ dongosolo. Chizindikirocho chimayendetsedwa, monga NTSC, m'madera awiri, opangidwa ndi mizere 312 iliyonse. Kuwonjezera apo, PAL ili ndi mlingo wamakono pafupi ndi iyo ya kanema. PAL ili ndi chiwerengero cha 25 pamphindi, pomwe mafilimu ali ndi chiwerengero cha mafelemu 24 pamphindi. Mayiko omwe ali ndi maziko a PAL akuphatikizapo UK, Germany, Spain, Portugal, Italy, China, India, ambiri a Africa, ndi Middle East.
Kodi Pulogalamu Yoyendetsa Ndi Yotani?
Pakubwera makompyuta a pakompyuta a kunyumba ndi aofesi, zinawoneka kuti kugwiritsa ntchito TV yachikhalidwe popanga mafano a kompyuta sikupindulitse zotsatira, makamaka ndi malemba. Izi zinali chifukwa cha zotsatira za luso lamakono lojambulidwa. Kuti apange njira yosangalatsa komanso yeniyeni yosonyezera zithunzi pa kompyuta, luso lamakono lopukusira linapangidwa.
Kuwunika kwapang'onopang'ono kumasiyana ndi kujambulidwa komweko kuti chithunzichi chikuwonetsedwa pawindo poyesa mzere uliwonse (kapena mzere wa pixels) mu dongosolo lokhazikitsidwa m'malo mwa dongosolo lina, monga momwe amachitira ndi kujambulidwa pakati. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pakuyang'ana pang'onopang'ono, mizere ya mafano (kapena mizere ya pixel) imayesedwa muyeso (1,2,3) pansi pazenera kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, mmalo mwa dongosolo lina (mzere kapena mizera 1,3, 5, ndi zina ... otsatiridwa ndi mizere kapena mizere 2,4,6).
Poyesa pang'onopang'ono kufotokoza chithunzichi pawonekera pawonekedwe limodzi m'malo mojambula chithunzichi pothandizira magawo awiri, chithunzi chophweka, chongowonjezereka chingawonetsedwe chomwe chiri choyenerera kuti muwone zinthu zabwino, monga malemba ndi kuyendayenda sizingatheke kuti zitheke kuwombera.
Powona makina awa ngati njira yowonjezera njira yomwe timaonera zithunzi pa kanema kanema, teknoloji yowunikira patsogolo idagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa DVD.
Mzere Wokayikira
Pokubwera kutanthauzira kwakukulu kwa pulogalamu yamafilimu , LCD TV, ndi mafilimu opanga mafilimu , chisankho chomwe chinapangidwa ndi TV, VCR, ndi ma DVD sizinapangidwenso bwino ndi njira yojambulira njira.
Kulipira, kuphatikiza pa kuyesa kwapang'onopang'ono, opanga TV akuwonetsanso lingaliro la Line Doubling.
Ngakhale pali njira zambiri zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, pachimake chake, TV yomwe ili ndi mzere wongowonjezera mzere imapanga "mizere pakati pa mizere", yomwe imaphatikizapo zizindikiro za mzerewu pamwamba ndi mzere uli pansipa kuti apereke chithunzi chapamwamba kwambiri. Mizere yatsopanoyi kenaka imawonjezeredwa kumayendedwe apachiyambi ndipo mizere yonse ikuyang'anitsitsa pang'onopang'ono pawunivesi.
Komabe, vutoli ndi kuphatikizapo mzere ndizomwe zinthu zotsatila zikhoza kuchitika, monga mizere yatsopano yomwe inangoyambanso imayenera kusuntha ndi zomwe zikuchitika mu fanolo. Kuti muwononge zithunzi, zina zowonongeka mavidiyo ndizofunikira.
3: 2 Pulldown - Kusindikiza Filimu kwa Video
Ngakhale kuyesa kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kuyesayesa kawiri kawiri kuti athetsere zolakwitsa zosonyeza zithunzi zolaula, palinso vuto lina lomwe limalepheretsa mafilimu owonetsedwa molondola pa filimu kuti iwonedwe bwino pa TV. Kwa ma TV ndi ma TV omwe amachokera ku PAL, izi sizomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri monga momwe PAL imawerengera komanso mawonekedwe a mafilimu ali pafupi kwambiri, kotero kuti kukonza kochepa kumafunika kuti muwonetse filimu molondola pa PAL TV. Komabe, sizili choncho ndi NTSC.
Vuto la NTSC ndiloti mafilimu amawombera pa mafelemu 24 pa mphindi ndipo kanema ya NTSC imapangidwa ndikuwonetsedwa pa mafelemu 30 pamphindi.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene filimu imatumizidwira ku DVD (kapena videotape) mu dongosolo la NTSC, kusiyana kwa mafilimu ndi kanema kumafunika. Ngati munayesapo kutumiza kanema wa 8 kapena 16mm kunyumba ndi kujambula kanema kanema kanema monga filimu ikuwonetsedwa, mukumvetsa nkhaniyi. Popeza mafelemu a mafilimu amawonetsedwa pa mafelemu 24 pamphindi, ndipo camcorder ikujambula mafelemu 30 pamphindi, zithunzi zowonetsa mafilimu ziwonetsetsa kwambiri pamene mukusewera matepi anu. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikuti mafelemu omwe ali pawindo akuyenda pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi mafayilo a kanema mu kamera, ndipo chifukwa kayendetsedwe ka mawonekedwe sakugwirizana, izi zimapangitsa kuthamanga kwakukulu pamene filimu imatumizidwira kuvidiyo popanda kusintha.
Pofuna kuthetsa kutsekemera, pamene filimu imasunthidwa bwino kuti ikhale ndi kanema (kaya DVD, VHS, kapena mtundu wina), chiwerengero cha filimuyi ndi "kutambasulidwa" ndi njira yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndi fayilo ya mafilimu pa mlingo wa mavidiyo.
Komabe, funsoli lidalibe momwe angasonyezere izi molondola pa TV.
Kujambula Powonjezereka ndi 3: 2 Pulldown
Kuti muwone filimu yoyenera kwambiri, iyenera kuwonetsedwa pa mafelemu 24 pamphindi pazokambirana kapena TV.
Kuti muchite izi molondola pa NTSC-based system, gwero, monga DVD osewera ayenera kukhala 3: 2 kufufuza malo, kubwezeretsa 3: 2 kuchotsa njira yomwe anagwiritsa ntchito kuika kanema pa DVD, ndipo amaipereka mu mafelemu ake oyambirira 24 pamphindi, pamene akugwirizanabe ndi mafelemu 30 pa sewero lachiwonetsero cha mavidiyo.
Izi zikukwaniritsidwa ndi sewero la DVD lomwe lili ndi mtundu wapadera wodula mtundu wa MPEG, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimatchedwa deinterlacer yomwe imayang'ana kanema wa 3: 2 yojambulidwa ndi kanema kuchokera ku DVD ndipo imatulutsa mafayilo ojambula bwino omwe amajambula mavidiyo , pang'onopang'ono amawunika mafelemuwo, amachititsa kusintha kwasintha, ndikusintha chizindikiro cha kanema chatsopano kudzera mu kanema yowonjezera yowunikira (Y, Pb, Pr) kapena HDMI .
Ngati DVD yanu ikusewera popanda kuyang'ana popanda 3: 2 kugwiritsira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, idzapanganso chithunzi chosavuta kusiyana ndi kanema yamakono, pamene kujambulidwa kwa DVD kumawerengera chithunzi cha DVD ndikuyendetsa chithunzi chopita patsogolo cha chizindikiro ndi kudutsa kuti pa TV kapena kanema kanema.
Komabe, ngati DVD yowonjezera ili ndi Kuwonjezera kwa 3: 2 kugwiritsira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, sikuti kanema yanu yokha ikuwonetseratu chithunzi choyendetsa pang'onopang'ono, koma muwona kanema wa DVD mu dziko loyandikira momwe mungathere kuchokera ku kanema kanema wa kanema, kupatula kuti akadali muwongolera mavidiyo.
Kujambula Mofulumira ndi HDTV
Kuwonjezera pa DVD, kupyolera mwatsatanetsatane kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku DTV, HDTV , Blu-ray Disc, ndi ma TV.
Mwachitsanzo, kutanthauzira kwachilendo DTV kumatulutsidwa mu 480p (zofanana zomwe zimawerengera DVD - mizere 480 kapena mizere ya pixel pang'onopang'ono yasaka) ndipo HDTV imasindikizidwa pa 720p (mizere 720p (mizere 720p kapena mizere ya pixel yowerengedwa pang'onopang'ono) kapena 1080i (1,080 mizere kapena pixel mizere yomwe ili ndi mapepala osakanizidwa opangidwa ndi mizere 540 iliyonse) . Kuti mulandire zizindikiro izi, mukusowa HDTV ndi makina opangira HDTV kapena mawonekedwe a kunja HD, Chingwe cha HD, kapena Satellite box.
Zimene Mukufunikira Kuti Mupeze Mapulogalamu Opita Patsogolo
Pofuna kuthandizira pang'onopang'ono, magulu onse a magwero, monga DVD player, HD chingwe, kapena satellite box, ndi TV, mavidiyo, kapena mafilimu amawunikira ayenera kuyesa kupititsa patsogolo (zomwe zimagulidwa 2009 kapena kenako ), ndi chipangizo chochokera (DVD / Blu-ray Disc, Cable / Satellite), amafunika kukhala ndi kanema yowunikira pulojekiti yowunikira, kapena DVI (Digital Video Interface) kapena HDMI (High Definition Multi-media Interface) ) chilolezo chomwe chimalola kusamutsidwa kwa miyezo ndi yapamwamba-kutanthauzira kupititsa patsogolo zithunzi zojambulidwa pa televizioni yokonzedwanso.
Ndikofunika kuwonetsa kuti mafananidwe omwe ali Ophatikiza ndi S-Video samapititsa patsogolo kanema kanema kanema. Komanso, ngati mutayang'ana pulojekiti yopita patsogolo yopita patsogolo pa TV, simungapeze chithunzi (izi zimagwira ntchito kwambiri pa CRT TV zonse - LCD zonse, Plasma, ndi Ma TV OLED zikuyendera bwino).
Kuti muwone kupitiliza kupyolera pang'onopang'ono ndi 3: 2, kugwiritsira ntchito DVD kapena TV kumafunika kupeza 3: 2 kugwiritsira ntchito pang'onopang'ono (osati vuto lililonse limene linagulidwa 2009 kapena kenako). Chotsatira chikanakhala cha sewero la DVD ali ndi mawonekedwe a 3: 2 omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo amachititsa ntchito yowonongeka, ndi kujambula kwapamwamba kwapamwamba kanema omwe amawonetsera chithunzicho ngati akudyetsedwa kuchokera ku DVD player. Pali zinthu zomwe mungasankhe pazomwe mumawunikira pulojekiti ya DVD ndi pulogalamu yamakono yojambulidwa (HDTV) yomwe idzakuthandizani kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yowonongeka ya DVD ndi TV kapena kanema.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono ndi chimodzi mwa maziko omwe akuwongolera TV ndi nyumba yowonera masewera kunyumba. Popeza kuti poyamba linayendetsedwa, zinthu zasintha. DVD tsopano imagwirizanitsa ndi Blu-ray , ndipo HDTV ikusinthira ku 4K Ultra HD TV , ndipo kuyang'ana kwapang'onopang'ono sikungokhala mbali ya momwe zithunzi zikuwonetsedwa pazenera, komanso zinapanganso maziko ena opangira mavidiyo, monga kanema upscaling .