Zochitika Zazikulu mu History of Computer Networks

Anthu osiyanasiyana otchuka akhala akuthandiza kuti pakhale makina opanga makompyuta kwa zaka zambiri. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zochitika zofunikira kwambiri m'mbiri ya makompyuta.

01 ya 06

Kupewa Telefoni (ndi Modem-Up Modem)

Ma modulo a pakompyuta ndi telefoni kuyambira m'ma 1960. H. Armstrong Roberts / ClassicStock / Getty Images

Popanda kupezeka kwa ma telefoni kumabukuka m'ma 1800, mafunde oyambirira omwe akukhamukira ku intaneti sakanakhoza kupeza pa intaneti kuchokera ku chitonthozo cha nyumba zawo. Kuyika makompyuta a digito ku mzere wa foni ya analog kuti athe kutumiza deta pamtengowu ukufuna chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimatchedwa modem-up modem .

Ma modem awa analipo kuyambira m'ma 1960, oyamba akuthandizira kuchuluka kwa deta 300 (0.3 kilobits kapena 0.0003 megabits) pamphindi (mapu) ndi kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa zaka zambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti pafupipafupi nthawi zambiri ankathamanga maulendo 9,600 kapena 14,400 mabps. Chodziŵika bwino chotchedwa "56K" (56,000 bps) modem, chotheka kwambiri chomwe chinaperekedwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mtundu woterewu, sizinapangidwe kufikira 1996.

02 a 06

Kupitiliza kwa CompuServe

S. Treppoz Amatchedwa Purezidenti wa AOL ndi CompuServe ku France (1998). Patrick Durand / Getty Images
Ma CompuServe Information Systems amapanga gulu loyamba la anthu ogula ntchito pa intaneti, nthawi yayitali asanakhalepo odziwika bwino pa intaneti monga America Online (AOL). CompuServe inakhazikitsa dongosolo lofalitsa nyuzipepala pa intaneti, kugulitsa zolembetsa kuyambira mu July 1980, zomwe ogula ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito modem-speed modems kuti agwirizane. Kampaniyo inapitilira kukula m'ma 1980 ndi m'ma 1990, ikufutukula kuwonjezera mayankho a anthu onse ndikupeza makasitomala oposa 1 miliyoni. AOL anagula CompuServe mu 1997.

03 a 06

Kulengedwa kwa intaneti Backbone

Kuyesayesa ndi Tim Berners-Lee ndi ena kukhazikitsa Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse (WWW) kuyambira m'ma 1980 ndi odziwika bwino, koma WWW sichikanatheka popanda maziko enieni a intaneti. Pakati pa anthu apadera omwe adathandizira kupanga intaneti anali Ray Tomlinson (wogwiritsa ntchito maimelo woyamba), Robert Metcalfe ndi David Boggs (opanga Ethernet ), kuphatikizapo Vinton Cerf ndi Robert Kahn (opanga teknoloji kumbuyo kwa TCP / IP Zambiri »

04 ya 06

Kubadwa kwa P2P Fayilo Kugawana

Shawn Fanning (2000). George De Sota / Getty Images

Shawn Fanning, yemwe anali ndi zaka 19, adachoka ku koleji mu 1999 kuti amange pulogalamu yotchedwa Napster . Pa 1 June 1999, choyamba chinenero cha Napster kugawidwa pa Intaneti chinatulutsidwa pa intaneti. Patangopita miyezi ingapo, Napster inakhala imodzi mwa mapulogalamu otchuka kwambiri a pulogalamu. Anthu padziko lonse lapansi analowa mu Napster nthawi zonse kuti asinthe nyimbo za nyimbo mosasintha.

Napster anali mtsogoleri muyambidwe loyambitsana lapafupi ndi anzawo (P2P) , kutembenuza P2P kukhala gulu la padziko lapansi lomwe linapanga mabiliyoni a zojambula ndi zolemba zomwe zimawononga mamilioni. Utumiki wapachiyambi unatsekedwa patatha zaka zingapo, koma kenako mibadwo ya P2P yodalirika monga BitTorrent ikupitirizabe kugwira ntchito pa intaneti ndi zofunsira pa intaneti.

05 ya 06

Cisco Yakhala Kampani Yodziwika Kwambiri Yopadziko Lapansi

Justin Sullivan / Getty Images

Kuyambira kale, Cisco Systems ikudziwika kuti ndi amene amapanga mauthenga ogwiritsira ntchito, omwe amadziwika bwino ndi maulendo awo apamwamba. Ngakhale kumbuyo mu 1998, Cisco adadzitamandira ndalama zambiri zamadolariyoni ndipo adagwiritsa ntchito anthu oposa 10,000.

Pa 27 March 2000, Cisco inakhala kampani yamtengo wapatali kwambiri padziko lonse pamtengo wake wogulitsa malonda. Ulamuliro wawo pamwamba sunakhalitse nthawi yaitali, koma pa nthawi yayifupi pa dot dot-com boom, Cisco ikuyimira kukula kwa chiwerengero cha kukula ndi chidwi chomwe mabungwe onse ozungulira makompyuta amakonza nthawiyo.

06 ya 06

Kukula kwa First Home Network Routers

Linksys BEFW11S4 - Router Broadband Yopanda B. linksys.com

Lingaliro la makina oyendetsa makompyuta amatha zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi kumayambiriro, koma kuchulukanso kwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito makompyuta kunyumba kwa anthu oyamba kunayamba mu chaka cha 2000 ndi makampani monga Linksys (omwe adayambitsidwa ndi Cisco Systems koma kampani yodziimira pa nthawiyo) kumasula oyambirira zitsanzo. Mabotolo oyambirira a nyumbayi amagwiritsa ntchito Ethernet yowakomera monga njira yoyamba mawonekedwe. Komabe, ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2001, oyendetsa 802.11b opanda waya monga SMC7004AWBR anawonekera pamsika, akuyamba kufalikira kwa teknoloji ya Wi-Fi kukhala makina padziko lonse lapansi.