Tsatanetsatane wa malingaliro a magulu ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mu Excel ndi Google Mapepala
Selo lotanthauzira pa mapulogalamu a spreadsheet monga Excel ndi Google Mapepala amadziwika malo a selo mu tsamba la ntchito .
Selo ndi imodzi mwa makanema omwe ali ndi bokosi omwe amadzaza pepala limodzi ndipo selo iliyonse ikhoza kupezeka kudzera m'mafotokozedwe a selo - monga A1, F26 kapena W345 - yomwe ili ndi kalata ya mzere ndi mzere womwe umatsagana pa malo a selo. Mukamaliza mndandanda wa selo, kalata yachitsulo nthawi zonse imatchulidwa
Zolemba za magulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafomu , ntchito, ma chart , ndi malamulo ena a Excel.
Kusintha Mafomu ndi Makhadi
Chinthu chimodzi chogwiritsa ntchito selo lamasitomu m'mafomu apaderali ndi kuti, kawirikawiri, ngati deta yomwe ili m'maselo ofotokozedwa amasintha, ndondomeko kapena tchati mowonjezera zosinthika kuti zisinthe kusintha.
Ngati bukhuli lakonzedwa kuti lisasinthidwe pokhapokha kusintha kwapangidwe pa tsamba, buku lothandizira likhoza kuchitika mwa kukanikiza F9 key pa makiyi.
Zolemba Zosiyana ndi Mabuku Ogwira Ntchito
Maumboni a magulu akugwiritsidwa ntchito samangokhala pa tsamba limodzi lomwe deta ili. Maselo amatha kufotokozedwa ku maofesi osiyanasiyana.
Izi zikachitika, dzina la worksheet likuphatikizidwa monga momwe akusonyezera mu ndondomeko ya mzere 3 pa chithunzi pamwambapa chomwe chimaphatikizapo kutchula selo A2 pa Tsamba 2 la buku lomwelo.
Mofananamo, pamene deta yomwe ili mu bukhu linalake yosiyanasiyana imatchulidwa, dzina la bukhuli ndi pepala la ntchito likuphatikizidwa muzolemba pamodzi ndi malo osungirako. Mndandanda wachitatu mu fanoli umaphatikizapo kutanthawuza za selo A1 yomwe ili pa pepala 1 la Book2 - dzina la bukhu lachiwiri.
Maselo A2 A2: A4
Ngakhale maumboni nthawi zambiri amatanthauza maselo amodzi - monga A1, akhoza kutanthawuza gulu kapena maselo ambiri.
Mapangidwe amadziwika ndi mafotokozedwe a selo a maselo kumtunda wakumanzere ndi kumunsi kumanja kumeneku.
Mafotokozedwe awiri a selo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu wosiyanasiyana amasiyanitsidwa ndi coloni (:) yomwe imauza Excel kapena Google Spreadsheets kuti aphatikize maselo onse pakati pa mapepala awa oyambirira ndi otsiriza.
Chitsanzo cha maselo omwe ali pafupi akuwonetsedwa mu mzere 3 wa chithunzi pamwamba pomwe ntchito SUM imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chiwerengere chiwerengero cha A2: A4.
Zosagwirizana, Zosasintha, ndi Mixed Cell References
Pali mitundu itatu ya mafotokozedwe omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu Excel ndi Google Mapepala ndipo amadziwika mosavuta ndi kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa zizindikiro za dola ($) mkati mwa selo:
- Zizindikiro zapadera sizikhala ndi zizindikiro za dollar - monga momwe zasonyezedwera mndandanda wa mzere 2: = A2 + A4;
- Mndandanda wa ma selo amodzi ali ndi zizindikiro za dola zogwirizana ndi kalata kapena nambala iliyonse muzokambirana - monga momwe zasonyezedwa mu mzere 4: = $ A $ 2 + $ A $ 4;
- zolemba zowonjezereka zimakhala ndi zizindikiro za dollar zogwirizana ndi chilembocho kapena chiwerengerocho koma osati zonse ziwiri - monga momwe ziwonetsedwera mu mzere 5: = $ A2 + A $ 4.
Kujambula Mafomu ndi Maofesi Osiyana a Cell
Njira yachiwiri yogwiritsira ntchito zolemba zapangidwe m'mafomu ndikuti amachititsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kufotokozera mafomu kuchokera kumalo amodzi kupita ku chigawo kapena buku la ntchito .
Mafotokozedwe a maselo ofanana amasintha pamene amakopera kuti azisonyeza malo atsopano a mawonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati njirayi
= A2 + A4
inakopedwa kuchokera ku selo B2 kupita ku B3, mafotokozedwe angasinthe kotero kuti njirayi ikhale:
= A3 + A5
Dzina lachibale limachokera ku mfundo yakuti amasintha poyerekeza ndi malo awo atakopedwa. Izi kawirikawiri ndi chinthu chabwino ndipo ndichifukwa chake mafotokozedwe am'mbali ndi ofotokozera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafomu.
Nthaŵi zina, ngakhale maumboni a maselo amafunika kukhala osasunthika pamene zolemba zimakopedwa. Kuti muchite izi, ntchito yowonjezera (= $ A $ 2 + $ A $ 4) imagwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe siisintha pamene idakopedwa.
Komabe, nthawi zina, mungafune gawo la selo kuti lizisinthe - monga kalata yam'mbali - pamene nambala ya mzere ikhale yosasunthika - kapena mosemphanapo pamene fomu ikukopedwa.
Apa ndi pamene magulu osakanikirana amagwiritsidwa ntchito (= $ A2 + A $ 4). Chilichonse chomwe chili ndi chikwangwani chogwiritsidwa ntchito pa dola chimakhala chosasunthika, pamene gawo lina limasintha pamene likukopedwa.
Kotero kwa $ A2, pamene iyo yophimbidwa, kalata ya kalata idzakhala Y, koma mndandanda wa mzere idzasintha mpaka $ A3, $ A4, $ A5, ndi zina zotero.
Chigamulo chogwiritsa ntchito mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana a selo panthawi yopanga ndondomekoyi ikuchokera pamalo omwe deta yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zolembedwazo.
Gwiritsani ntchito F4 kuti muwonjezere zizindikiro za Dollar
Njira yosavuta yosinthira mafotokozedwe a selo kuchokera ku mtheradi kapena wosakanizika ndikulumikiza F4 key pa kibokosi:
Kuti musinthe mawonekedwe omwe alipo kale, Excel iyenera kukhala yokonza kusintha, zomwe zingatheke pang'onopang'ono pa selo ndi phokoso la mouse kapena ponyanikiza F2 key pa makiyi.
Kutembenuza mafotokozedwe ang'onoting'ono a mafotokozedwe amtundu uliwonse kapena osakaniza:
- Dinani F4 kamodzi kuti mupange mawonekedwe a selo kwathunthu monga $ A $ 6
- Yesetsani F4 kachiwiri kuti mupange malo ophatikizana kumene nambala ya mzere ili yonse monga A $ 6
- Yesetsani F4 kachiwiri kuti mupange zolemba zosakanizika pamene kalata ya kalata ili yonse monga $ A6
- Onetsani F4 nthawi yachinayi kuti ayanjanitsa selo kachiwiri monga A6.