Mmene Mungayesere Pepala Lomwe Mungagule Malinga ndi Zida Zopanda Utsi
Mapiritsi ndizoluso zamagetsi koma zambiri zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito zidzafuna mawonekedwe ena a maukonde. Izi ndi zofunika kuntchito monga kufufuza intaneti, kufufuza imelo kapena kusindikiza mavidiyo ndi kanema. Zotsatira zake, kugwirizanitsa makina kumapangidwira piritsi iliyonse yomwe ili pamsika. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mapiritsi pazinthu zawo zamagetsi ndipo bukhuli likuyembekeza kufotokozera zina mwa zosankha zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito ali nazo.
Kodi Wi-Fi ndi chiyani?
Wi-Fi ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yopanga ma intaneti opanda waya. Pulogalamu yamakono yamtundu uliwonse imabwera ndi mawonekedwe ena a Wi-Fi opangidwa mu chipangizochi. Izi zikuphatikizapo mapiritsi onse omwe ali pamsika. Teknoloji yapangidwa kuti ikhale malo ochezera a malo amtundu wanu kotero kuti yokha sichikuthandizani inu pa intaneti. M'malo mwake, zimalola kugwirizanitsa ndi intaneti yopanda makompyuta opanda pake omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti yogwiritsira ntchito pa Intaneti. Popeza malo otentha kwambiri amapezeka m'madera ambiri kuphatikizapo masitolo ogulitsa khofi, makalata, ndi maulendo a ndege, kawirikawiri n'zosavuta kuti agwirizane ndi intaneti.
Tsopano Wi-Fi ili ndi miyezo yambiri yomwe imagwirizana. Zambiri zamakono tsopano zatumiza ndi 802.11n Wi-Fi yomwe ndi imodzi mwa zosinthika kwambiri zamagetsi. Chokhumudwitsa n'chakuti izi zingagwiritse ntchito sewero limodzi kapena lonse la waya opanda malingana malingana ndi zomwe hardware imayikidwa pa piritsi. Zonsezi zidzathandiza 2.4GHz opanda waya wosakanikirana omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi makina akuluakulu a 802.11b ndi 802.11g. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kumaphatikizansopo ma spectrum 5GHz omwe amagwirizananso ndi ma 802.11a makina omwe angathenso kufalitsa. Zida zambiri zomwe zimathandiza magulu onsewa zidzatchulidwa ndi 802.11a / g / n pamene 2.4GHz zipangizo zokha zidzakhala 802.11b / g / n. Njira yina yofotokozera chipangizo cha onsewa amatchedwa awiri-band oring two.
Kulankhula za nyenyezi, teknoloji ina yomwe imapezeka m'mapiritsi ena amatchedwa MIMO . Chochita ichi chimalola kuti pulogalamu yamapulogalamu yogwiritsira ntchito mavala angapo kuti apereke mauthenga owonjezereka a deta mwa kufalitsa pa njira zambiri mu Wi-Fi. Kuphatikiza pa kuwonjezeka kwa bandwidth, izi zingathandizenso kukhulupilika ndi kuwerengeka kwa piritsi pa matepi a Wi-Fi.
Zatsopano zatsopano zamakono zogwiritsa ntchito ma Wi-Fi zakhala zikuyamba kumasulidwa. Izi zimachokera pa miyezo 802.11ac . Zogulitsa izi zimati zimatha kukwaniritsa mitengo ya 1.3Gbps yomwe imakhala katatu kuposa 802.11n ndi yofanana ndi ya gigabit ethernet. Monga muyezo wa 802.11a, imagwiritsa ntchito mafupipafupi 5GHz koma iwiri-band amatanthawuza imathandizanso 802.11n pafupipafupi 2.4GHz. Ngakhale izi zikupezeka mumagalimoto a router, sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamapiritsi ambiri makamaka chifukwa cha mtengo wapatali wowonjezera zowonjezera.
Pano pali kuwonongeka kwa miyezo yosiyanasiyana ya Wi-Fi pamodzi ndi maonekedwe awo:
- 802.11ac - Kufikira 1.3Gbps, 5GHz Band ndi 2.4GHz Kugwirizana kudzera 802.11n
- 802.11n - Kupita ku Standard 450Mbps, 2.4 kapena 5GHz Band
- 802.11a - 54Mbps, 5GHz Band, Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kwambiri Ndi Makampani
- 802.11g - 54Mbps, 2.4GHz Band
- 802.11b - 11Mbps, 2.4GHz Band
Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza ma-Wi-Fi osiyanasiyana, onani Internet & Networking Basics.
3G / 4G Wopanda (Ma Cellular)
Pulogalamu yamtundu uliwonse yomwe imaphatikizapo 3G kapena 4G osagwiritsa ntchito mafoni ali ndi ndalama zambiri. Ogulitsa adzayenera kulipira zambiri mu hardware ya chipangizo kuti aphimbe opanga ma CD. Kawirikawiri izi zimaphatikizapo madola zana kupyolera pa piritsi koma ena sali okwera mtengo kwambiri kulumphiranso. Tsopano kuti muli ndi hardware, muyenera kulemba ndondomeko ya utumiki opanda waya ndi chonyamulira chomwe piritsichi chikugwirizana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito pamtunda wa 3G kapena 4G. N'zotheka kuchepetsa mtengo wa hardware kupyolera mu zopereka za rebate pamene mutayina ndi chonyamulira kwa makampani a zaka ziwiri. Izi zimatchedwa thandizo la hardware. Kuti mudziwe ngati izi zili zoyenera kwa inu, yang'anani mafunso athu ovomerezeka a PC .
Mapulani ambiri a deta ndi ogwira ntchito opanda waya akugwirizanitsidwa ndi kapu ya deta yomwe imalephera kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe mungathe kuigwiritsa ntchito pamtundu umenewo. Mwachitsanzo, wothandizira angakhale ndi njira yotsika mtengo koma amachigwira pa 1GB yokha ya deta yomwe ili yochepa kwambiri kwa ntchito zina monga kusakanikirana. Ingokuchenjezani kuti ogwira ntchito akhoza kuchita zinthu zosiyana mukangoyamba kumene. Ena angaleke kulola kuti deta ilandidwe kapena ena akhoza kuigwedeza kuti zinthu zosasintha zisagwire ntchito. Ena mmalo mwake amakulolani kuti muzisunga ndiyeno ndikukulipirani ndalama zowonjezereka zomwe ziri zapamwamba kwambiri. Ndondomeko zina zopanda malire zimakhalabe ndi zikhomo zomwe zimalola kulowetsa ku chiwerengero china cha deta pa intaneti zonse mofulumira koma kuchepetsa ma intaneti akuyenda pa deta iliyonse pa kapu. Izi zimatchulidwa ngati deta. Izi zikhoza kuwonetsa mapulani a deta zovuta kwambiri ngati sizili zovuta kufufuza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito deta musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho.
Zipangizo zamakono 4G zinkakhala zovuta chifukwa zinali zitakulutsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndi ogwira ntchito ambiri. Tsopano iwo ali ndi maonekedwe abwino kwambiri pa LTE omwe amapereka msinkhu wa ma 5 mpaka 14 Mbps. Mofanana ndi teknoloji ya 3G, mapiritsi amakhala otsekedwa ku chithunzithunzi chokhacho pogwiritsa ntchito SIM khadi yawo. Choncho onetsetsani kuti mukufuna kufufuza zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito mutagula piritsi ndi LTE. Onetsetsani kuti mutsimikiziranso kuti kulumikizidwa kwa LTE kumathandizidwa komwe mungagwiritse ntchito piritsiyi musanagwiritse ntchito ndalamazo kuti muwonongeke ngati zabwino zilibe mpaka 3G.
3G ndidongosolo ladeta la deta koma silofala pazinthu zatsopano zatsopano. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa 4G chifukwa zimachokera pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matekinoloje koma zimakhala zithupsa kuti zithe kugwirizana ndi magulu a GSM kapena CDMA. Izi zimathamanga pafupipafupi ndi ma teknoloji yazithunzi kotero kuti sagwirizana ndi chipangizo. Mapulogalamu a GSM akuyendetsedwa ndi AT & T ndi T-Mobile pamene ma CDMA amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Sprint ndi Verizon mkati mwa US. Maulendo ali ofanana pa 1 mpaka 2Mbps koma kudalirika kungakhale bwino ndi ukonde umodzi pamwamba pa wina mu dera. Zotsatira zake, fufuzani ma mapu okhudzidwa ndi malipoti. Kawirikawiri, pulogalamu yowonongeka ya 3G idzakhala yotsegulidwa ndi wothandizira mmodzi chifukwa cha malonda okhawo a US omwe amalola kuti hardware ikhale yotsekedwa kwa wothandizira. Zotsatira zake, yang'anirani intaneti yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito musanasankhe pepala lanu. Zochitika za 3G sizikhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi makina atsopano a 4G opanda waya.
Bluetooth ndi Kutseketsa
Njira zamakono za Bluetooth ndi njira yolumikiza zipangizo zam'manja zamakono zam'manja zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa kuti Malo Okhaokha (PAN). Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga makibodi kapena makutu. Njira yamakono ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati malo ochezera a m'deralo pofuna kutumiza mafayilo pakati pa zipangizo. Ntchito imodzi imene anthu angaganize kuti ikugwiritsabe ntchito ngakhale ikukonzekera.
Kutsitsa njira ndi njira yogwirizanitsa foni yamakono monga laputopu kapena piritsilo ndi foni kuti ugawane kugwiritsira ntchito kwapachibera. Izi zikhoza kupangidwa mwachidwi ndi chipangizo chilichonse chomwe chili ndi mawotchi osakanikirana opanda waya ndi Bluetooth ndi chipangizo china cha Bluetooth. Kotero, pulogalamu yodalirika ya 3G / 4G ikhoza kuigwiritsa ntchito ndi laputopu kapena foni ya 3G / 4G ingakhoze kugawana kugwirizana ndi piritsi. Vuto ndilo kuti zonyamula zamitambo zambiri zatha kukakamiza makampani ndi mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu kuti awulule izi mu makanema a US. Zotsatira zake, sizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa ogwiritsira ntchito koma ndizotheka kwa iwo omwe ali ofunitsitsa kutsegula zipangizo zawo kapena kulipira ogwira ntchito kuti akhale ndi mwayi wotere.
Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsira ntchito ntchitoyi, fufuzani ndi chingwe chopanda waya ndi wopanga chipangizo kuti muonetsetse kuti n'zotheka musanagule zipangizo zilizonse. Ena othandizira ayamba kuperekapo koma ndi ndalama zina zowonjezera. Kuonjezerapo, gawoli likhoza kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse ndi ogwira ntchito pamapeto pake.
Zida Zopanda Zida Zapakati / Mobile Hotspots / MiFi
Malo osayendetsedwa opanda mafano kapena mafakitale apamwamba ndi njira yatsopano yamakono yomwe imalola munthu kuti agwirizane ndi waya wopanda waya kupita kumsewu wothamanga opanda waya monga 3G kapena 4G mawindo ndikulola zipangizo zina zomwe zili ndi Wi-Fi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito Intaneti. Chida choyamba chotchedwa chipangizo chotchedwa MiFi chinatulutsidwa ndi ma Network Novatel. Ngakhale kuti njirazi sizingakhale zodabwitsa monga kukhala ndi bwalo lopanda waya lopangidwa mu piritsilolokha, ndi lothandiza chifukwa limalola kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zipangizo zochuluka ndipo kumapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kugula zinthu zochepa mtengo. Zipangizo za MiFi zidzakanikiridwa ndi chithandizo ndikufuna mgwirizano wa deta ngati kukhala ndi mauthenga opanda waya opanda pulogalamu yeniyeni ya 3G / 4G.
Chochititsa chidwi, ena mwa mapiritsi atsopano omwe ali ndi teknoloji ya 4G yowonjezeredwa amakhala ndi mwayi wogwiritsidwa ntchito pa hotspot kwa zipangizo zina zowonjezera Wi-Fi. Ichi ndi chokondweretsa kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi piritsi ndi laputopu yomwe ingakonde kugwiritsa ntchito zonse pa mgwirizano umodzi wa deta. Monga nthawi zonse, fufuzani kuti mutsimikizire kuti pulogalamu yamakalata ndi deta imalola ntchitoyi.
Near Field Computing
NFC kapena malo oyandikana ndi munda ndi njira yatsopano yochezera mauthenga. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa teknoloji pakalipano ndidongosolo la kulipira mafoni monga Google Wallet ndi Apple Pay . Zopeka, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito zambiri osati kungolipira komanso kusinthiranso ku PC kapena mapiritsi ena. Ma mapiritsi angapo tsopano ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito lusoli.