Nkhani yaikulu yomwe akugwiritsa ntchito atsopano pakuika Linux ikugwirizanitsa lingaliro la kugawaniza galimoto.
Anthu omwe amayesa Linux kawirikawiri amafuna kupanga boot ndi Mawindo kuti akhale ndi chitetezo chodziwika bwino.
Vuto ndiloti ma booting awiriwa ndi ovuta kwambiri kuposa kukhazikitsa Linux molunjika pa hard drive monga njira yokhayo yogwiritsira ntchito.
Izi, mwatsoka, zimapereka lingaliro lolakwika kuti Linux ndi yovuta kukhazikitsa. Chowonadi n'chakuti Linux ndiyo njira yokhayo yogwiritsira ntchito yopereka mwayi wosankha maulendo awiri. Ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa Linux poyamba ndiyeno kuika mawindo monga kachiwiri kachitidwe.
Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti Mawindo akufuna kukhala phwando lalikulu ndikuyendetsa galimoto yonse.
Chida chabwino kwambiri cha Linux chogawaniza galimoto yanu ndi GParted ndipo chimawoneka pa zithunzi zambiri zowonjezera kwa Linux.
Bukuli likufotokozera mawonekedwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndipo limapereka mwachidule mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogawa.
Chiyankhulo Chogwiritsa Ntchito
GParted ili ndi menyu pamwamba ndi toolbar pansi.
Chowongolera chachikulu, komabe, chiri ndi chizindikiro chowonetsera cha disk yosankhidwa komanso tebulo kulembetsa magawo onse.
Pamwamba pa ngodya yapamwamba, mudzawona mndandanda wochotsera pansi umene umasokonekera ku / dev / sda. Mndandanda uli ndi mndandanda wa magalimoto omwe alipo.
Pa pulogalamu yamtundu wapamwamba, mudzawona / dev / sda yomwe ili yovuta. Ngati inu muyika USB drive izo zidzawonjezedwa ku mndandanda monga / dev / sdX (ie / dev / sdb, / dev / sdc, / dev / sdd).
Zithunzi zozungulira (pang'ono, zina zazikulu) zimatambasula pazenera. Mzere uliwonse umayimira magawo pa hard drive yanu.
Gome pansipa limasonyeza kufotokozera mwachidule pa magawo onsewa ndipo zikuphatikizapo mfundo zotsatirazi:
- Gawo
- Dzina
- Foni
- Mount Point
- Label
- Kukula
- Zagwiritsidwa ntchito
- Simunagwiritsidwe ntchito
- Flags
Zikondwerero
Chithunzichi pamwamba chikuwonetsera kugawidwa kwapadera pa laputopu yomwe ndikugwiritsira ntchito kulemba bukhuli. Kompyutale ikukonzekera kuti iwonetse machitidwe atatu opangira:
- Windows 10
- Ubuntu
- Makulu Linux
Pa machitidwe akale (pre-UEFI) Mawindo ambiri amatha kutenga gawo limodzi lalikulu lomwe linatenga diski yonse. Okonza ena amapanga magawo ochiritsa pa galimotoyo kotero kuti mupeze kuti makompyuta akale anali ndi magawo awiri.
Pofuna kupeza malo a Linux pa makompyuta a UEFI asanakhalepo mukhoza kutenga Windows partition ndikuiwononga pogwiritsa ntchito GParted. Kuphwanya Windows partition kungachoke pamalo osaloweredwe omwe mungagwiritse ntchito kupanga mapangidwe a Linux.
Kukonzekera bwino kwa Linux pa kompyutala yoyamba ya UEFI kudzaphatikizapo magawo atatu:
- Muzu
- Kunyumba
- Sintha
Gawo la mizu likanakhala komwe mungayikitsire Linux, chigawo cha kunyumba chimasungira zikalata zanu zonse, nyimbo, mavidiyo ndi makonzedwe okonzekera. Gawo losinthanitsa lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga njira zopanda ntchito, kumasulidwa kukumbukira ntchito zina.
Kuti muthe kusintha ma boot Windows XP, Vista ndi 7 ndi Linux mungakhale ndi magawo 4 otsatirawa (5 ngati mutasunga kachiwiri)
- Mawindo
- Muzu
- Kunyumba
- Sintha
Pa UEFI maziko amavomereza kukhala ndi magawo ambiri ngakhale mutangogwiritsa ntchito Windows 8 kapena 10.
Kuyang'ana pa disk yanga pamwambapa (yomwe inaperekedwa ndi magawo ambiri omwe amapezeka chifukwa chokhazikitsa katatu) zigawo zotsatirazi zilipo:
- EFI (/ dev / sda1)
- Gawo la Microsoft Reserved (/ dev / sda2)
- Mawindo (/ dev / sda3)
- Ubuntu (/ dev / sda6)
- Makulu (/ dev / sda7)
- Gawo la NTFS (/ dev / sda4)
- malo osagawanika
- sintha (/ dev / sda5)
Kukhala woona mtima izi sizomwe zimakhazikika kwambiri.
Pa kompyuta ya UEFI, muyenera kukhala ndi EFI dongosolo. (512 MB kukula). Izi ndizopomwe mumayika GRUB bootloader pamene mukulimbikitsidwa ndi Linux.
Ngati mukukonzekera kuwirikiza mawindo awiri ndi Mawindo ndiye mudzafunikira magawo otsatirawa:
- EFI
- Mawindo (NTFS)
- Zina Zagawo za Linux (mwachitsanzo EXT4)
- Sintha
Mungasankhe kuwonjezera pagawo pakhomo koma izi siziri zofunika masiku ano. Chofunika cha magawo osinthanitsa ndiwongoleraninso.
Kupititsa patsogolo Mapepala
Pofuna kukhazikitsa Linux kugawikana kwake, muyenera kuyika malo ndi njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndikuchepetsa ma partition a Windows.
Dinani pawindo la Windows partition (Ndilo gawo lalikulu la NTFS) ndipo sankhani kusintha / kuchoka pa menyu.
Zenera latsopano lidzawoneka ndi zotsatirazi:
- Malo omasuka omwe adayambe
- Kukula Kwatsopano
- Malo omasuka otsatirawa
- Gwirizanitsani
Samalani kwambiri pamene mukusuntha magawo. Kunena zoona sindikulimbikitsani kuchita zimenezo.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti muzindikire ndi uthenga wonena za kukula kwake kwa magawo. Ngati mupita pansi pamtingo wochepa mungathe kusokoneza njira iliyonse yomwe ikukhalapo pagawoli.
Kusintha gawoli kumalowa kukula mu megabytes. Kawirikawiri, mumafunika gigabytes 10 koma kwenikweni muyenera kulola gigabyte 20 ndipo makamaka 50 gigabytes kapena kuposa.
Gigabyte ndi megabytes 1000 (kapena 1024 megabytes kuti akhale olondola). Kukhazikitsa gawo lokhala ndi gigabytes 100 kukhala 50 gigabytes mu kukula ndipo motero kusiya gawo 50 gigabyte malo osalowetsamo kulowa 50000.
Zonse zomwe mukuyenera kuchita ndiye kodinkhani kusinthana / kusuntha.
Mmene Mungakhalire Zopangira Zatsopano
Kuti mupange magawo atsopano muyenera kukhala ndi malo osagawanika.
Dinani kugawidwa kwa malo osagawanika ndipo dinani chizindikiro chophatikizira pazitsulo chojambulira kapena pang'anizani pomwe ndikusankha "chatsopano".
Windo latsopano likuwoneka ndi zotsatirazi:
- Malo omasuka omwe adayambe
- Kukula kwatsopano
- Malo omasuka otsatirawa
- Gwirizanitsani
- Pangani monga
- Dzina logawa
- Foni dongosolo
- Label
Kawirikawiri, mumakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwake, pangani monga, dzina, fayilo, ndi ma label.
Bokosi latsopano lamasamba likusiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa malo osagawika. Ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa magawo awiri (mwachitsanzo, mizu ndi kusinthanitsa magawo) muyenera kuchepetsa kukula kuti mulole kupanga gawo lachiwiri.
Mlengi ali ndi mitundu itatu yokhayo:
- Makhalidwe oyambirira
- Zolingalira
- Kuwonjezera
Pa makina akale, mukhoza kukhala ndi magawo 4 apadera koma pa makina a UEFI omwe mungakhale nawo.
Ngati muli ndi magawo 4 oyambirira pa kompyutala yakale ndiye mutha kupanga gawo lovomerezeka mu gawo limodzi loyamba lomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi Linux. Linux ikhoza kuyambika kuchokera kumagawidwe olondola.
Dzina la magawano ndi dzina lofotokozera la magawowa.
Fayiloyi ingakhale imodzi mwa zotsatirazi:
- btrfs
- exfat
- ext2
- ext3
- ext4
- f2fs
- fat16
- fat32
- hfs
- hfs +
- lfs
- sintha
- lvm2
- ntfs
- reiser2
- ufs
- xfs
Chifukwa cha magawo akuluakulu a Linux ndi ofanana kugwiritsa ntchito ext4 partition ndi mwachiwonekere, magawo kusinthanitsa angasinthidwe.
Kuchotsa magawo
Mukhoza kuchotsa magawo osagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa kuwonekera moyenera ndikusankha kuchotsa. Izi ndizothandiza ngati mwaika Linux ndipo mukufuna kuchotsa. Mwinanso, mukhoza kuwongolera bwalolo ndi mzere kupyolera muzithunzi.
Pambuyo pochotsa magawo a Linux mukhoza kusintha gawo la Windows kuti ligwiritse ntchito malo osagawanika pambuyo pochotsa magawowa.
Kupanga Ma Partitions
Mukhoza kupanga gawoli mwa kulumikiza molongosoka ndikusankha fomu. Mutha kusankhapo mitundu yogawanika yomwe ilipo kale.
Zomwe Mukugawa
Mukhoza kupeza zambiri zokhudza gawoli polemba molondola gawo ndi kusankha zambiri.
Zomwe amapereka zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zili mu tebulo lapamwamba koma mudzatha kuona makina oyambirira ndi otsiriza.
Kupanga Kusintha
Kupanga magawo, kugawa magawo, kugawa magawo ndi kuchotsa magawo onse kumachitika kukumbukira mpaka mutasintha.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukhoza kusewera mozungulira ndi magawo pa galimoto yanu popanda kuphwanya chirichonse.
Ngati mwalakwitsa mungangosankha zosavuta zonse zosankha zamtunduwu kuchokera kumasewera okonza.
Kuti muchite kusinthako, yesetsani kukakaniza pazomwe mungakonde.