Ngati mwatsala pang'ono kugula TV kapena kanema wa pulojekiti yatsopano ndipo simunasunthidwe zaka zingapo, zinthu zingakhale zosokoneza kwambiri. Kaya mumayang'ana pa intaneti kapena pa nyuzipepala, kapena pitani kwa wogulitsa kumudzi wanu, pali zinthu zambiri zamagetsi zomwe zimatayidwa kunja, kuti ambiri ogula amangotulutsa ndalama zawo ndikuyembekeza zabwino.
HDR Factor
Chimodzi mwa mawu atsopano a "techie" kuti mulowe muwonetsero wa TV ndi HDR . HDR (High Dynamic Range) ndi ukali wonse pakati pa opanga TV, ndipo pali chifukwa chabwino kuti ogula azindikire.
Ngakhale kuti 4K yathetsa chisankho chomwe chingawonetsedwe, HDR imapanganso chinthu china chofunika pa onse opanga ma TV ndi mavidiyo, kuwala kumeneku (luminance). Cholinga cha HDR ndikuthandizira kuwonjezeka kwa kuwala kwapadera kuti zithunzi zooneka bwino zikhale ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mu "dziko lenileni."
Zotsatira zake, ziganizo ziwiri zowonjezera zakhala zikudziwika kuti zakhala zolemekezeka pazinthu zotsatsira malonda a TV ndi mavidiyo ndi ogulitsa: Nitsamba ndi Lumens. Ngakhale kuti mawu akuti Lumens akhala akuwonetseratu zojambula zamakono kwa zaka zingapo, pamene akugula TV tsiku lino, ogula akugwedezeka ndi ma Nits ndi opanga TV ndi ogulitsa otsutsa. Kotero, kodi mawu akuti Lumens ndi Nits kwenikweni amatanthauza chiyani?
Mitedza ndi Lumens 101
Mpaka kuwonetseratu HDR, pamene ogula akugwedezera TV, mtundu umodzi kapena chitsanzo mwina udawoneka "wowala" kuposa wina, koma kusiyana kumeneku sikudatsimikizidwe pazitsulo zogulitsa malonda, mumangoziwona.
Komabe, pakubwera kwa HDR ngati gawo likuperekedwa pa kuchuluka kwa ma TV, kuwala kochokera (zindikirani ine sindinanene kuwala komwe tidzakambirane pambuyo pake) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ogula malingana ndi Nitsiti zina zambiri, kutanthauza TV zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwala, ndi cholinga chachikulu chothandizira HDR-mwina ndi zogwirizana kapena zowonjezereka za HDR zotulutsa kudzera mu TV mkatikati .
Pofuna kudzikonzekera kuti muyambe kuyendetsa ntchito ya TV, komanso kugulitsa zamalonda, muyenera kudziwa momwe kuwala koyendera kumawonetsedwa mu TV ndi mavidiyo.
Mitsuko: Taganizirani za TV ngati dzuwa, lomwe limatulutsa kuwala. Mitsuko ndiyeso ya momwe kuwala kwa TV kumatumizira maso anu (luminance) mkati mwa malo opatsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito luso lapamwamba, NIT ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kumakhala kofanana ndi candela pa mita imodzi (cd / m2 - muyeso woyenerera wa kuwala kowala).
Kuti tione izi, pafupifupi TV akhoza kukhala ndi makina 100 mpaka 200, pamene ma TV omwe amagwirizana ndi HDR akhoza kukhala ndi nthiti 400 mpaka 2,000.
Lumens: Lumens ndi mawu omveka bwino omwe amafotokoza kuwala kochokera, koma kwa majekesero a kanema, nthawi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi ANSI Lumens (ANSI ikuimira America National Standards Institute).
Kwa opanga mavidiyo, makina a ANSI 1000 ndi osachepera kuti pulojekiti ikhale yokhoza kutulutsidwa ku nyumba ya zisudzo, koma ambiri opanga mafilimu a zisudzo kuchokera ku 1,500 mpaka 2,500 malonda a kuwala. Komabe, opanga mafilimu opanga mafilimu ambiri (ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zingaphatikizepo zosangalatsa zapanyumba, bizinesi, kapena maphunziro, ndikukhoza kutulutsa zizindikiro za ANSI 3,000 kapena zambiri).
Malingana ndi Nitsiti, ANSI lumen ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kumakhala ndi mita imodzi ya mita mita yomwe ili mita imodzi kuchokera ku chitsime chimodzi cha kuwala kwa candela. Ganizirani chithunzi chomwe chili pawonekedwe la vidiyo, kapena khoma ngati mwezi, womwe umawonetsa kuwala kumbuyo kwa owona.
Nits vs Lumens
Poyerekeza Nitsamba ndi Lumens, mwachidule, 1 Nit imaimira kuwala kuposa 1 ANSI lumen. Kusiyana kwa masamu pakati pa Nits ndi Lumens ndi zovuta. Komabe, kwa wogula poyerekeza TV ndi kanema kanema, njira imodzi imayika ndi 1 Nit ndi ofanana ndi a 3.426 ANSI Lumens.
Pogwiritsira ntchito mfundo imeneyi, kuti mudziwe kuti nambala yeniyeni ya Nits ndi yofanana ndi nambala yeniyeni ya ANSI, mumachulukitsa nambala ya 3,426. Ngati mukufuna kusintha (mumadziwa kuwala ndi kufuna kudziwa momwe zilili mu Nitsiti), ndiye mutagawanitsa chiwerengero cha Lumens ndi 3.426.
Nazi zitsanzo izi:
- Nitsuko 200 ndizofanana ndi ma 685 ANSI Lumens
- Nitsitsi 500 zimayimira pafupifupi 1,713 ANSI Lumens
- Mankhwala 730 ali ofanana ndi ma LUMENS pafupifupi 2,500
- Mitengo 1,000 ikufanana ndi pafupifupi 3,426 ANSI Lumens
- Mitengo 1,500 ikufanana ndi pafupifupi 5,139 ANSI Lumens
- Mitengo 2,000 ikufanana ndi pafupifupi 6,582 ANSI Lumens
Monga mukuonera, kuti pulogalamu yamakono ipeze kuwala kofanana ndi Ntsani 1,000 (kumbukirani kuti mukuyang'ana malo omwe mumakhala nawo malo ndi malo ounikirapo momwemo) - pulojekiti iyenera kukhala yokhoza kuti atulutse pafupifupi 3,426 ANSI Lumens, yomwe ili kutali kwambiri ndi mapulojekiti ambiri odzipereka a kunyumba.
Komabe, pulojekiti yomwe imatha kupanga 1,713 Ansi Lumens, yomwe imapezeka mosavuta kwa mafilimu ambiri a kanema, ikhoza kufanana ndi TV yomwe ili ndi kuwala kwa Nitsamba 500.
Pulojekiti ya TV ndi Video Yowunika Kuwala Mu Mawu Owona
Ngakhale kuti zonse za pamwamba pa "techie" pa Nits ndi Lumens zimapereka chiwerengero chachibale, mu zochitika zenizeni za dziko, ziwerengero zonsezi ndi mbali chabe ya nkhaniyi.
Mwachitsanzo, kumbukirani kuti ngati TV kapena kanema wamakono akuwonetseratu kuti akupanga 1,000 Nits kapena Lumens, izi sizikutanthauza kuti TV kapena pulojekiti zimatulutsa kuwala kwanthawi zonse. Mafelemu kapena mawonedwe nthawi zambiri amasonyeza zinthu zowala komanso zamdima, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zosintha zonsezi zimakhala ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a kuwala.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, muli ndi malo omwe mumawona Dzuŵa kumwamba, gawolo la fano lingapange kuti TV kapena kanema pulojekiti iwonetsere kuchuluka kwa Nits kapena Lumens. Komabe, mbali zina za fano, nyumba, malo, ndi mithunzi, zimafuna kuwala pang'ono, mwina pa 100 kapena 200 Nits kapena Lumens. Komanso, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imawonetsedwa kuti ikuthandizira kuwonetsera kuwala kosiyanasiyana mu chithunzi kapena zochitika.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri apa ndi yakuti chiŵerengero pakati pa zinthu zowala kwambiri ndi zinthu zakuda kwambiri ndi zofanana, kapena zofanana ndi zomwe zingatheke, kuti ziwonongeke. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri pa TV za OLED zowonjezera HDR mogwirizana ndi TV / LCD TV . Mafilimu OLED TV sangathe kuthandizira ma Nits ambiri opangidwa ngati kuwala kwa LED / LCD TV. Komabe, mosiyana ndi TV / LCD TV, ndi TV OLED ikhoza kupanga mdima wakuda.
Izi zikutanthawuza kuti ngakhale kuti mafilimu opambana a HDR a LED / LCD TV amatha kusonyeza ma Nitsiti 1,000, muyezo wa HDR wa OLED TV ndi ma 540 okha. Komabe, kumbukirani, muyezowu ukugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe zimatuluka ku Nitsiti, osati kuchuluka kwa Nitsiti zomwe zimatulutsidwa. Choncho, ngakhale mutadziwa kuti TV imodzi yokhala ndi NIT / TV ya LCD idzawoneka yowala kuposa TV yotsegula pamene amati, onse awiri akuwonetsera Dzuŵa kapena kumwamba, TV yotchedwa OLED idzachita ntchito yabwino powonetsa mbali zovuta kwambiri za chithunzi chomwechi, kotero Mphamvu Yopambana (kutalika kwake pakati pa chiyero choyera ndi choyipa chakuda kungafanane).
Komanso, poyerekeza ndi TV yowonjezera HDR yomwe imatha kupanga ma Nitsulo 1,000, ndi kanema yowonetsera kanema ya HDR yomwe ikhoza kutulutsa kuwala kwa ANSI 2,500, zotsatira za HDR pa TV zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri ponena za "kuwala kozindikira".
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu monga kuwona mu chipinda chodetsedwa, mosiyana ndi malo ochepa, kukula kwazithunzi, kusindikiza screen (kwa pulojekiti), ndi kukhala pamtunda, zocheperapo kapena Nthenda yotchedwa Lumen ingayesedwe kuti ikhale ndi zotsatira zofanana zowonetsera .
Kwa opanga mavidiyo, pali kusiyana pakati pa kuwala komwe kumagwira ntchito pakati pa opanga majekesi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito luso ndi luso la DLP . Izi zikutanthawuza kuti majekiti a LCD ali ndi mphamvu yopereka kuwala kofanana komwe kumakhala koyera komanso kofiira, pamene DLP pulojekiti yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito magudumu amtundu sangathe kupanga mawonekedwe ofanana a kuwala ndi mtundu wa kuwala. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, tchulani nkhani yathu mnzanu: Video Projectors ndi Color Brightness
The Audio Analogy
Chitsanzo chimodzi choyandikira nkhani ya HDR / Nits / Lumens ndi njira imodzi yomwe muyenera kuyendera mphamvu zowonjezera zamatsenga. Chifukwa chakuti wolandila kapena wotsegulira kunyumba amawonetsera kuti akupereka ma watt 100 pagalimoto, sizikutanthauza kuti zimatulutsa mphamvu zambiri nthawi zonse.
Ngakhale kuthekera kokwanitsa kutulutsa ma watt 100 kumapereka chisonyezero pa zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera pamaphokoso a nyimbo kapena mafilimu, nthawi zambiri, ma voti, ndi nyimbo zambiri ndi zomveka, wolandira yemweyo yekha ayenera kutulutsa ma watt 10 kapena kuti mumve zomwe mukufuna kumva. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, tchulani nkhani yathu: Kumvetsetsa Zolemba Zophatikiza Mphamvu za Amplifier .
Kuwala Kuwala vs Kuwala
Kwa Ojekera Ma TV ndi Video, Nitsulo ndi ANSI Lumens zonsezi ndizoyeso zowunikira (Kuwala). Komabe, kodi Brightness ikuyenerera kuti?
Kuwala sikuli kofanana ndi Luminance yeniyeni yovomerezeka (kuwala kochokera). Komabe, Kuwala kungatchulidwe monga momwe wotsogolera amatha kuzindikira kusiyana kwa Kuwala.
Kuwala kungathenso kuwonetseranso ngati peresenti yowonjezera kwambiri kapena yochepa yochepa kuchokera kuzinthu zofunikira (monga Kuwala kwa TV kapena kanema kanema - onani tsatanetsatane pansipa). Mwa kuyankhula kwina, Kuwala ndikutanthauzira movomerezeka (kowala kwambiri, kochepa) kwa Kuwala koonedwa, osati Kuwala Kwake komwe kunapangidwa.
Momwe njira ya kuwonetsera kwa TV kapena Video ikuwonetsera kuchuluka kwa msinkhu wakuda womwe ukuwoneka pawindo. Kutsika kwa "kuwala" kumapanga magawo amdima a chithunzichi mdima, zomwe zimachititsa tsatanetsatane wachetechete ndi "matope" akuwoneka m'madera akuda a fanolo. Kumbali ina, kukweza zotsatira "zowala" pakupanga zigawo zakuda za chithunzichi, zomwe zimabweretsa madera a chithunzicho kukhala akuda kwambiri, ndi chithunzi chonse chikuwonekera kuti chiwonekere.
Ngakhale Kuwala sikuli kofanana ndi Luminance yeniyeni yeniyeni (kuwala kochokera), onse opanga ma TV ndi mavidiyo, komanso owonetsa mankhwala, amakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chogwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti Brightness monga nsomba-zonse zomwe zimafotokoza kuwala, zomwe zikuphatikizapo Nits ndi Lumens. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi zomwe Epson adagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "Kuwala kwa Mtundu" zomwe tazitchula poyamba.
Ma TV ndi Projector Light Output Guidelines
Kuyeza kuwala komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhudzana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa Nits ndi Lumens imakhala ndi masamu ndi physics ambiri, ndipo kuigwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza mwachidule sikophweka. Kotero, pamene makampani a TV ndi mavidiyo akuwonetsa ogula ndi mawu monga Nits ndi Lumens popanda nkhani, zinthu zingasokoneze.
Komabe, pamene mukuyang'ana kuwala, zotsatirazi ndizofunika kuti musunge malingaliro.
Ngati mumagula 720p / 1080p kapena Non-HDR 4K Ultra HD TV, kudziwa zambiri pa Nitsiti sikumalimbikitsidwa, koma kumasiyana ndi Nitsamba 200 mpaka 300, yomwe imakhala yowala mokwanira chifukwa chazinthu zamakono komanso malo ambiri a magetsi (ngakhale 3D adzawonekeratu kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri). Kumene mukufunikira kulingalira za ma Nits makamaka makamaka ndi 4K Ultra HD TV zomwe zimaphatikizapo HDR. Pano palipamwamba kuwala komwe kumatulutsa, kuli bwino.
Kwa 4K Ultra HD LED / LCD ma TV omwe ali HDR-ofanana, chiwerengero cha Nitsulo 500 chimapatsa HDR zotsatira (kuyang'ana kulemba monga HDR Premium), ndi ma TV omwe amapereka ma Nitsiti 700 adzapereka zotsatira zabwino ndi HDR. Komabe, ngati mukuyang'ana zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, Nitsamba 1000 ndizovomerezeka zapamwamba (fufuzani malemba monga HDR1000), ndipo kumtunda kwa Nits kumapeto kwake HDR LED / LCD TV ndi 2,000 (kuyambira ndi ma TV ena mu 2017).
Ngati mumagula TV yosavuta, kuwala komwe kumatulutsa madzi okwana pafupifupi 600 Nitsitsi - pakali pano, onse omwe ali ndi TV za OLED za HDR amafunika kuti atulutse mabala okwana 540. Komabe, kumbali ina ya equation, monga tanenera kale, ma TV OLED akhoza kusonyeza mdima wakuda, omwe ma TV / LCD ma TV sangathe - kotero kuti ma TV 540 mpaka 600 pa OLED TV akhoza kusonyeza zotsatira zabwino ndi zokhudzana ndi HDR kuposa LED / LCD TV imatha kuwerengera pazitsulo zomwezo.
Komabe, ngakhale kuti TV OLED 600 ndi Nitimu 1000 / LED / LCD TV imatha kuoneka ngati yodabwitsa, 1000,000 NIT LED / LCD TV idzabweretsa zotsatira zovuta kwambiri, makamaka mu chipinda chabwino. Monga tanenera poyamba, ma Nitsu 2,000 ndiwopamwamba kwambiri omwe angapezeke pa TV, koma izi zingayambitse zithunzi zooneka bwino kwambiri kwa owona ena.
Ngati mumagula zojambulajambula, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuunika kwapadera kwa ANSI ma Lumens ayenera kukhala osachepera kuganizira, koma mapulojekiti ambiri amatha kutulutsa zizindikiro za ANSI 1,500 mpaka 2,000, zomwe zimapereka bwino mu chipinda chomwe sichikhoza kukhala amatha kukhala mdima wandiweyani. Komanso, ngati muwonjezere 3D kusakaniza, ganizirani pulojekiti yokhala ndi 2,000 kapena kuposa chiwerengero cha kuwala, monga zithunzi za 3D ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi anzawo awiri.
Zowonongeka zowonongeka za HDR ndizosowa "kulondola kwa mfundo ndi mfundo" motsutsana ndi zinthu zochepa zowala motsatira mdima wakuda. Mwachitsanzo, HDR TV iwonetsa nyenyezi motsutsana ndi usiku wakuda mowala kwambiri kuposa momwe zingagwiritsire ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito HDR projector. Izi zimachokera ku zowonongeka zomwe zimakhala zovuta powonetsa kuwala kwakukulu m'dera laling'ono kwambiri poyerekezera ndi chithunzi chakuda chakuda.
Kuti zotsatira zabwino za HDR zitheke pakalipano (zomwe zikuperewera kuunika kwa TV ya 1,000 NIT), muyenera kulingalira pulojekiti yowonjezera ya 4K HDR yomwe ikhoza kutulutsa zowonjezera 2500 ANSI kuwala. Pakalipano, palibe HDR yowonjezeredwa yowonetsera makanema owonetsera ogula.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Mawu amodzi omaliza, monga momwe zilili ndi chinthu china chilichonse kapena chithunzithunzi chimene chimaperekedwa kwa inu ndi wopanga kapena wogulitsa, musamangoganizira kuti Nits ndi Lumens ndi gawo limodzi la mgwirizano pamene mukuganizira kugula kwa TV kapena kanema kanema .
Muyenera kulingalira phukusi lonselo, lomwe silikuphatikizapo kuunika kochepa, koma momwe nkhope yonse ikuyang'ana (kuwala, mtundu, kusiyana, kuyang'ana, kayendedwe kazing'onoting'ono ), kumasuka kwa kukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, khalidwe labwino ( ngati simukugwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe apansi a audio ) ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zina zowonjezera (monga kusakanikirana pa intaneti pa TV). Kumbukiraninso kuti ngati mukufuna TV ya HDR, muyenera kutenga zina zomwe mukuyenera kuzikwaniritsa zogwirizana (4K kusakaza ndi Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc ).