Musayambe Kukhala ndi Mpangidwe wa Amplifier Pokhapokha Pothirira Madzi
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chikupezeka pa intaneti ndi pa nyuzipepala Zotsatsa zamakono amplifiers, stereo, ndi kunyumba zowonetsera masewero, ndizomwe zimatchulidwa ndi watts-per-channel (WPC). Wowonjezera ali ndi 50 Watts-Per-Channel (WPC), winanso ali ndi 75, ndipo winanso ali ndi 100. Kodi watts ali bwino bwino? Osati Mwafunikira.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti watts ambiri amatanthauza voliyumu yambiri. Wopatsa amphamvu ndi 100 WPC mokweza mobwerezabwereza monga 50 WPC, chabwino? Osati ndendende.
Mawerengedwe A Mphamvu Oyikidwa Angakhale Odzinyenga
Pokhudzana ndi mphamvu yowonjezera amplifier, makamaka ndi olandirira phokoso lozungulira , zambiri zimadalira momwe mowona mtima wopanga amawonetsera mphamvu yakukweza mphamvu yomwe imasankha kulimbikitsa. Mukawona Zotsatsa kapena malonda a malonda komwe wopanga akuyesa kuyesa, simungatenge nambala imeneyo pamtengo wapatali. Muyenera kuyang'ana mozama pa zomwe wopanga akutsatira ndemanga zawo.
Mwachitsanzo, kumalo osungirako zisudzo omwe ali ndi kasinthidwe ka 5.1 kapena 7.1 , ndiyomwe imatulutsira njira yotchulidwa pamene amplifier ikuyendetsa imodzi kapena ziwiri pa nthawi imodzi, kuyendetsedwa panthawi imodzi? Kuonjezerapo, kodi muyeso unkagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito 1 kHz test tone, kapena ndi 20Hz kuti 20KHz mayesero ?
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mukamawona makina opangira mavitamini a 100 Watts pa njira imodzi pa 1 kHz (yomwe imaonedwa kuti ndiyomwe imayendetsedwa) ndi njira imodzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira yeniyeni yomwe imatulutsidwa pamene njira zisanu kapena zisanu zilizonse Kugwira ntchito panthawi yomweyi pamadoko onse kudzakhala otsika, mwina 30 kapena 40% m'munsi. Chisonyezo chabwino ndichoyambira muyeso pamene njira ziwiri zimayendetsedwa, ndipo m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito 1kHz, gwiritsani ntchito matanthwe 20Hz kuti 20kHz, omwe akuyimira mphamvu zowonjezera kwambiri zomwe munthu angakhale nacho. Komabe, izo sizikudziŵiratu mokwanira mphamvu ya amplifier mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu pamene njira zonse zimayendetsedwa.
Kumbali ina, sizitsulo zonse zimafunikira mphamvu yomweyo panthawi imodzimodzimodzi ndi kusiyana kwa mawu okhudzidwa kumakhudza zofunikira pa kanjira iliyonse pa nthawi iliyonse. Mwachitsanzo, filimu ya mafilimu idzakhala ndi zigawo zomwe zingakhale zoyendetsera magetsi kutsogolo kwa magetsi, koma ma voti oyandikana nawo angakhale opangidwa ndi mawu ochepa otsika. Mwachizindikiro chomwecho, makina oyandikana nawo angafunike kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri kwa ziphuphu kapena kugwedezeka, koma njira zokhoza kutsogolo zingakhale zolimbikitsidwa panthawi yomweyo.
Malinga ndi zikhalidwe zimenezo, chiwerengero cha mphamvu ya malemba chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe zili zowonjezereka ndi zothandiza zenizeni za dziko lapansi. Chitsanzo chimodzi chikhoza kukhala ma Watts 80 pa-channel, yoyezedwa kuchokera 20Hz kufika 20kHz, njira ziwiri, 8 ohms, .09% THD.
Kodi mawu onsewa amatanthauza kuti amplifier (kapena nyumba yamakono yolandila) amatha kutulutsa 80-WPC (yomwe ili yokwanira pa chipinda chokhala ndi malo osungira), pogwiritsa ntchito ma tepi pazomwe anthu akumva, pamene njira ziwiri ikugwira ntchito ndi oyankhula 8-ohm okamba . Kuphatikizanso ndikutchulidwa kuti kupotoka kumeneku (kutanthauza THD kapena kupotoza kwathunthu kwa harmonic) ndi .09% - zomwe zimaimira phokoso loyera kwambiri (zambiri pa THD pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyi).
Mphamvu Yopitirira
Chinthu china choyenera kulingalira ndi luso la wolandira kapena amphamvu kuti atulutse mphamvu yake yonse mosalekeza. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chifukwa chakuti wolandila / amplifier akhoza kulembedwa kuti angathe kutulutsa 100 WPC, sizikutanthauza kuti zingathe kutero kwa nthawi yayitali iliyonse. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti mukayang'ana Zomwe, kuti WPC chiwonongeke chiyankhidwa mu RMS kapena FTC mawu, osati mawu monga Peak Power kapena Maximum Power.
Decibels
Mawindo amveka amawerengedwa mu Decibels (dB) . Makutu athu amadziwa kusiyana kwa voliyumu mu njira yosiyana. Nkhutu zimakhala zosamvetsetseka phokoso pamene zikuwonjezeka. Ma decibel ndi logarithmic of loudness. Kusiyanitsa kwa pafupifupi 1 dB kusinthika kochepa kwa voliyumu, 3 dB ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa voliyumu, ndipo pafupifupi 10 dB ndiyomwe ikuwoneka kuti yowonjezera voliyumu.
Kuti ndikudziwe momwe izi zikukhudzira ndi zochitika zenizeni zitsanzo zitsanzozi zalembedwa:
- 0 dB ndiyo khomo lakumva
- Kunong'oneza: 15-25 dB
- Phokoso lakumbuyo: pafupifupi 35 dB
- Nyumba yachizolowezi kapena ofesi ya ofesi: 40-60 dB
- Liwu loyankhula mwachizolowezi: 65-70 dB
- Mapeto a mimba: 105 dB
- Nyimbo ya Rock Rock: 120 dB +
- Threshold yapweteka: 130 dB
- Jet ndege: 140-180 dB
Kuti wina wopanga mafilimu abwerere mofuula mobwerezabwereza monga wina mu decibels, mumafunika kuchulukitsa kawiri kawiri. Wopukutira owerengedwa pa 100 WPC amatha kuwirikiza kawiri mulingo wa WPC 10 amp amplifier, yoyimilira yoyenerera pa 100 WPC iyenera kukhala 1,000 WPC kukhala kawiri mokweza. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kugwirizana pakati pa voliyumu ndi kutulutsa mphamvu ndilogarithmic osati losemphana.
Lakwitsidwa
Kuonjezerapo, khalidwe la amplifier silimangowonjezera mukutulutsa madzi ndi momwe likumveka. Wopambitsira mawu omwe amasonyeza phokoso lambiri kapena kupotoza pamagulu akulu a voliyumu sangakhale osasinthika. Muli bwino ndi amplifier pafupifupi 50 WPC ndi msinkhu wopotoza mlingo kuti amplifier amphamvu kwambiri ndi mkulu kupotoza.
Komabe, poyerekeza zivomezi pakati pa amplifiers kapena ojambula kunyumba - zinthu zimatha kukhala "mitambo" - monga momwe mungazindikire, pamapepala ake, kuti amphamvu kapena ovomerezeka A angakhale ndi malingaliro owonongeka a .01% pa 100 Watts of output , pamene amplifier kapena wolandila B angakhale ndi chiwerengero chopotoza cha 1% pa 150 Watts za zotsatira.
Mutha kuganiza kuti amplifier / wolandila A akhoza kukhala wolandirira bwino - koma muyenera kuganizira kuti ziwerengero zowonongeka kwa omvera awiri sizinayankhulidwe kuti zikhale zofanana. Zitha kukhala kuti onse ovomerezeka akhoza kukhala ndi zofanana (kapena zowonjezereka) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonse zikuyendetsa pa watts 100, kapena pamene wolandila A akuyendetsedwa kuti apereke ma watt 150, akhoza kukhala ndi chiwerengero chofanana (kapena choipitsa) ngati Cholandira B .
Komabe, ngati wopanga mafilimu ali ndi kupotoza kwa 1% pa 100 watts ndipo wina ali ndi kupotoza kwake kwa .01% pa 100 watts, ndiye zikuonekeratu kuti amplifier kapena wolandira ndi .01% kupotoza mlingo ndi wolandirira bwino, makamaka ponena za zizindikirozo.
Monga chitsanzo chomaliza, ngati muthamangitsira amplifier kapena receiver yomwe ili ndi kupotoza kwa 10% pa 100 watts, sizingatheke kuwonetsetsedwe pamtundu wa mphamvuyo - ndizotheka kuti ikhale yomveka, popanda kupotoza pang'ono, pa gawo lochepa lopangitsa mphamvu. Komabe, ngati muthamanga kulimbikitsa kapenanso wolandila omwe amalembetsa chiwerengero cha kusokonezeka kwa 10% (kapena msinkhu uliwonse wosokoneza uli wokwera kuposa 1%) chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zowonjezera mphamvu - Ndingathe kuzimitsa - kapena ayi, yesetsani kupeza zowonjezerapo zowonjezera kuchokera kwa wopanga musanagule.
Mafotokozedwe opotoka amavomerezedwa ndi THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) .
Chizindikiro cha Kumva Chisangalalo (S / N)
Komanso, chinthu china chomwe chimapangitsa kuti amplifier ndi khalidwe lamakono ( Signal-to-Noise Ratio Ratio) (S / N), chomwe ndi chiŵerengero cha phokoso kumveka phokoso lakumbuyo. Zowonjezera chiŵerengerocho, makamaka zowoneka bwino (nyimbo, mawu, zotsatira) zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zotsatira zamasewero ndi phokoso lakumbuyo. Muzidziwitso zamagetsi, S / N ziwonetsero zimayikidwa mu decibels. Chiŵerengero cha S / N cha 70db n'chofunika kwambiri kuposa chiŵerengero cha S / N cha 50db.
Mutu Wamphamvu
Chotsiriza (chifukwa cha zokambiranazi), koma osachepera (mwa njira iliyonse), ndizotheka kuti wolandila / amplifizi akhoze kutulutsa mphamvu pamlingo wapatali kwa nthawi yayitali kuti akwaniritse mapepala a nyimbo kapena zovuta kwambiri m'mafilimu. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazithunzithunzi zapanyumba, pomwe kusintha kwakukulu kwa voliyumu ndi kupfuula kumachitika panthawi yamafilimu. Mafotokozedwe ameneŵa akufotokozedwa ngati Dynamic Headroom .
Mutu wamutu wamphamvu umayesedwa mu decibels. Ngati wolandila / amplifier ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezera kawiri ndikutulutsa mphamvu kwa nthawi yochepa kuti agwirizane ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, zikanakhala ndi Mutu Wamphamvu wa 3db.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Mukamagula zinthu zowonjezerapo, samalani ndi zina zotere monga Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Chizindikiro Chakumveka (S / N), Dynamic Headroom, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino . kukhudzidwa kwa okamba omwe mukuwagwiritsa ntchito.
Wopatsa amphamvu kapena wolandila, ngakhale kuti pulogalamu yanu yamakono kapena yamaseŵera a kunyumba , zigawo zina monga Zopangira Zida, Zida Zopangira (CD, Turntable, Cassette, DVD, Blu-ray etc.) zimagwirizananso ndi mndandanda. Komabe, mutha kukhala ndi zigawo zabwino kwambiri zomwe zilipo, koma ngati wolandila kapena wopereka wanu sakulimbana ndi ntchitoyo, zovuta zanu zomvetsera zimakhala zowawa.
Ngakhale mafotokozedwe onse amachititsa kuti munthu wolandila kapena wopanga maulendo apitirize kugwira bwino ntchito, nkofunika kutsimikizira kuti chinthu chimodzi chokha, chotsatiridwa ndi zinthu zina sikuti chimakupatsani chithunzi cholondola cha momwe masewera anu akumidzi azichitira.
Ndiponso, ngakhale n'kofunika kumvetsa mawu omwe akuponyedwa kwa inu ndi Ad kapena wogulitsa malonda, musalole kuti nambalayi ikukhudzireni. Chisankho chomaliza chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makutu anu, komanso m'chipinda chanu.