Telefoni ndi mawu omwe amasonyeza kuti zipangizo zamakono zimalola anthu kukhala ndi kuyankhulana kwapatali ndithu. Icho chimachokera ku liwu lakuti 'telefoni' limene limachokera ku mawu awiri achigriki akuti "tele," zomwe zikutanthauza kutali, ndi "foni," zomwe zikutanthawuza kulankhula, choncho lingaliro loyankhula kuchokera kutali. Mau ake awonjezereka ndi kubwera kwa matekinoloje atsopano olankhulana. Mwachidule kwambiri, mawuwa akuphatikiza mauthenga a foni, maitanidwe a intaneti, kuyankhulana kwa mafoni, faxing, voicemail komanso ngakhale mavidiyo. Ndizovuta kuti tipeze tsatanetsatane wotsutsa zomwe telephony ndi zomwe siziri.
Lingaliro loyambirira lomwe telephony limabwereranso ndi POTS (lowumikiza telefoni yakale), mwatchutchutchu wotchedwa PSTN (network-switched telecommunications network). Machitidwewa akutsutsidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri ndipo akutsata kwambiri pazowulogalamu ya Voice over IP (VoIP), yomwe imatchedwanso IP Telephony ndi Internet Telephony.
Voice over IP (VoIP) ndi Internet Telephony
Mawu awiriwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana nthawi zambiri, koma kunena mwaluso, sizinthu zofanana. Mauthenga atatu omwe wina ndi mzake ali nawo pa Voice IP, IP Telephony ndi Internet Telephony. Onsewa amatchula kuwonetsera kwa mayitanidwe a voli ndi deta ya mawu kupyolera pa makina a IP , omwe ndi LAN s ndi intaneti. Mwanjira imeneyi, malo omwe alipo kale omwe amagwiritsidwa kale ntchito popititsa deta amamangidwa, motero amathetsa mtengo wa kudzipatulira mzere wokwera mtengo monga momwe ziliri ndi PSTN. Waukulu mwayi kuti VoIP kubweretsa kwa ogwiritsa ndi yaikulu ndalama kudula. Mafoni amakhalanso omasuka.
Izi pamodzi ndi ubwino wambiri umene VoIP akubweretsa kwachititsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yowonjezereka yapamwamba yamakono yomwe yapeza kutchuka kwa dziko lonse ndipo idati gawo la mkango ndi msika wa telephoni. Mawu akuti Computer Telephony aonekera pakufika kwa mafoni a m'manja , omwe ndi mapulogalamu omwe amaikidwa pa kompyuta, akutsanzira foni, pogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga a VoIP pa intaneti. Telefoni yamakono yakhala yotchuka kwambiri chifukwa anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kwaulere.
Mobile Telephony
Ndani samanyamula telephony m'matumba awo masiku ano? Mafoni a m'manja ndi mafakitale nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafoni apakompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji ya GSM (mafoni) kuti ikuthandizeni kuti mupite. Kuitana kwa GSM kuli kotsika mtengo, koma VoIP inayambitsanso mafoni, mafoni, ma PC pocket ndi mafakitale ena, kulola ogwiritsira ntchito mafoni kukhala otchipa ndipo nthawi zina amatha kuyitana mafoni ndi amitundu. Ndi mafoni a VoIP, Wi-Fi ndi 3G matelogalamu amalola ogwiritsa ntchito mafoni opanda ufulu, ngakhale ku maiko akunja.
Telefoni ndi Zida
Zomwe zimafunikira kuti telephony ikhale pakati pa zipangizo zosavuta kupanga ndi zipangizo zovuta. Tiyeni tikhale pambali ya ofuna chithandizo (mbali yanu ngati kasitomala) kuti tipeĊµe zovuta za PBXs ndi maseva ndi kusinthanitsa.
Kwa PSTN, mumangokhalira kuika foni ndi jack wall. Ndi VoIP, chofunikira chachikulu chikugwirizana ndi ma intaneti (mwachitsanzo Ethernet kapena Wi-Fi kugwirizana kwa LAN ), webusaiti yowonjezera ma intaneti ndi, pafoni ya telephony, mawonekedwe osakaniza opanda waya monga Wi-Fi, 3G ndipo nthawi zina GSM. Zida zikhoza kukhala zophweka monga mutu wa makompyuta (kompyuta makina). Kwa iwo amene amafuna foni ya foni popanda makompyuta, amafunikira ATA (wotchedwanso foni yamapulogalamu) ndi foni yam'manja. Pulofoni ya IP ndi foni yapadera yomwe imaphatikizapo ntchito ya ATA ndi zina zambiri ndipo kotero zimatha kugwira ntchito popanda malonda ena.
Osati Liwu Lokha
Popeza kuti nkhani zambiri zimasakanizidwa pa kanjira imodzi, kufalitsa foni ndi mavidiyo kumagwiranso pansi pa telephony banner. Faxing mwachizolowezi amagwiritsa ntchito foni ndi manambala a foni kuti afotokoze mauthenga ochepa (omwe ali ndifupikitsa ku fax). Faxing IP ikugwiritsa ntchito ma intaneti ndi intaneti kutumiza ndi kulandira mauthenga a fax. Izi zimapindulitsa zambiri, komabe zikukumana ndi mavuto ena. Msonkhano wa mavidiyo umagwira ntchito mofanana ndi ma voti a IP ndi mavidiyo a nthawi yeniyeni.