Kodi Nanometer ndi chiyani?

Malangizo: Makina ochepa kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito

N nanometer (nm) ndi chigawo cha kutalika mu chiyero cha metric, chofanana ndi biliyoni imodzi ya mita (1 x 10-9 m). Ambiri mwachidziwikire amvapo kale - nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi nanotechnology ndi kulenga kapena kuphunzira zinthu zazing'ono kwambiri. Manometer mwachiwonekere ndi yaing'ono kuposa mita, koma mwina mukuganiza kuti ndizing'ono bwanji? Kapena, ntchito zamtundu wanji kapena zogulitsa zenizeni zimagwira ntchito pa nanoscopic?

Kapena, momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi miyeso ina ya kutalika?

Kodi Ndalama Zimakhala Bwanji ndi Nanometer?

Miyeso yamatauni yonse imachokera pa mita. Yang'anani wolamulira aliyense kapena tepi yoyezera, ndipo mukhoza kuona zowerengedwa za mamita, masentimita, ndi millimeters. Ndi pulojekiti yamakina ndi dzanja lolimba, sikovuta kutengera mizere imodzi mamita imodzi. Tsopano ganizirani kuyesa kulumikiza miyendo imodzi yokwana milimita imodzi- imeneyo ndi nanometer. Kupanga mizere imeneyo ndithudi kumafunikira zipangizo zamakono kuyambira:

• N nanometer (nm) ndi yaying'ono kuposa ..

• micrometer (μm), yomwe ndi yaying'ono kuposa ..

• millimeter (mm), yomwe ili yochepa kuposa ..

• masentimita (masentimita), omwe ndi ochepa kuposa ..

• decimeter (dm), yomwe ili yochepa kuposa ..

• mita (mamita)

Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi zipangizo zilizonse (mwachitsanzo, kuyang'ana magalasi, microscopes), diso labwino la umunthu (mwachitsanzo masomphenya nthawi zonse) amatha kuona chinthu chimodzi pamtunda wa mamita awiri, yomwe ndi yofanana ndi micrometer 20.

Kuti mupange kukula kwa micrometer 20 pamutu, onani ngati mungathe kupeza thonje / chithunzithunzi cha chikrisiti chochotsedwera kuchokera ku sweta (kuigwira motsutsana ndi gwero lazitsulo kudzawathandiza kwambiri) kapena kuyandama mumlengalenga ngati fumbi. Kapena sungani mchenga wabwino pachikhatho cha dzanja lanu kuti mupeze mbewu zochepetsetsa, zosaoneka bwino.

Ngati izo ziri zovuta kuchita, yang'anani tsitsi la anthu mmalo mwake, lomwe liri la micrometer 18 (chabwino kwambiri) kufika pa micrometer 180 (mozungulira kwambiri).

Ndipo zonsezi ndizomwe zimangokhala micrometer - zinthu zopangidwa ndi nanometer ndizowopsya kangapo!

Atomu ndi Maselo

Ndalama ya nanoscale imaphatikizapo miyeso pakati pa imodzi ndi 100 mamanometer, yomwe imaphatikizapo chirichonse kuchokera pa atomiki kupita ku ma cell. Mavairasi amachokera ku 50 ndi 200 nanometers mu kukula. Chiwerengero cha maselo a maselo ali pakati pa 6 nanometers ndi nanometer 10. DNA ya DNA imakhala pafupifupi 2 nanometer m'mimba mwake, ndipo mpweya wa nanotubes ukhoza kukhala wochepa kwambiri ngati 1 nanometer mwake.

Chifukwa cha zitsanzozi, n'zosavuta kumvetsetsa kuti pamafunika zipangizo zamakono (monga kujambulira kugwiritsira ntchito microscopes) kuti agwirizane ndi (mwachitsanzo, chithunzi, muyeso, chitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kupanga) zinthu pazinga la nanoscopic. Ndipo pali anthu omwe amachita izi tsiku lililonse m'madera monga:

• Chemistry

• Biology

• Physics

• Sayansi ya Zida

• Engineering

• Technology

Pali zitsanzo zambiri zamakono zopangidwa ndi nanometer scale. Mankhwala ena ang'onoang'ono apangidwa kuti athe kupereka mankhwala kwa maselo enaake. Mankhwala amakono amapangidwa ndi ndondomeko yomwe imapanga mamolekyu ndi nanometer molondola.

Ndalama zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitsitsimutse magetsi komanso magetsi. Ndipo smartphone ya Samsung Galaxy S8 ndi apulogalamu ya iPad iPad Pro (kachiwiri-gen) zonsezi zimapanga mapulogalamu opangidwa pa 10 nm.

Tsogolo labwino likuyembekezera zambiri za sayansi ndi zamakono zamakono. Komabe, nanometer sichiwerengero chaching'ono kwambiri pozungulira! Yang'anani tebulo ili m'munsi kuti muwone momwe likufanizira.

Pulogalamu ya Metric