DBMSs Pewani, Kusamalira, ndi Kusunga Deta Zanu
Dongosolo la kasamalidwe ka deta (DBMS) ndi mapulogalamu omwe amalola kompyuta kusunga, kupeza, kuwonjezera, kuchotsa, ndi kusintha deta. DBMS imayang'anira mbali zonse zoyambirira za deta, kuphatikizapo kuyendetsa deta, monga kutsimikizira, komanso kuika kapena kuchotsa deta. DBMS imatanthawuza zomwe zimatchedwa data data , kapena kuti momwe deta imasungidwira.
Zida zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku zimafuna DBMSs kumbuyo. Izi zikuphatikizapo ATM, maulendo otetezera ndege, machitidwe oyang'anira malonda, ndi makanema a mabuku, mwachitsanzo.
Machitidwe ogwirizana ndi maofesi ogwira ntchito (RDBMS) amagwiritsira ntchito mafanizo ndi maubwenzi.
Zomwe Zili M'ndondomeko ya Management Database
Mawu akuti DBMS akhala akuzungulira kuyambira m'ma 1960, pamene IBM inakhazikitsa njira yoyamba ya DBMS yotchedwa Information Management System (IMS), yomwe idasungidwa pamakompyuta pamtengo wamtengo wapatali. Dera lililonse la deta linagwirizanitsidwa pakati pa zolembera za makolo ndi ana.
Mbadwo wotsatira wa mazenera anali mawonekedwe a ma DBMS, omwe anayesa kuthetsa zina mwa zolephera za dongosolo lachikhalidwe mwa kuphatikiza ubale umodzi ndi ambiri pakati pa deta. Izi zinatitengera ife m'ma 1970 pamene chitsanzo cha database chinakhazikitsidwa ndi IBM a Edgar F. Codd, kwenikweni atate wa ma DBMS achibale amakono omwe timawadziwa lero.
Mbali za DBMS Zamakono Zamakono
Machitidwe ogwirizana ndi maofesi ogwira ntchito (RDBMS) amagwiritsira ntchito mafanizo ndi maubwenzi. Cholinga chachikulu cha kupanga mapulani a DBMS lero ndi kusunga chidziwitso cha deta, chomwe chimateteza kulondola ndi kusasinthasintha kwa deta. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa kudzera mndandanda wa zovuta ndi malamulo pa deta kuti mupewe kubwereza kapena kuchepa kwa deta.
Ma DBMS amachititsanso kulumikizana ndi deta pogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo, chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamagulu osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mameneja kapena otsogolera angakhale ndi mwayi wopeza deta lomwe silikuwoneka kwa antchito ena, kapena akhoza kukhala ndi chilolezo chokonzekera deta pamene owerenga ena angangowona.
Ma DBMS ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mayankho omasulira SQL , omwe amapereka njira yolumikizana ndi deta. Ndipotu, ngakhale mndandanda wazomwewu umakhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe amavomereza kuti awonetsere mosavuta, asankhe, asinthe, kapena asagwiritse ntchito deta, ndi SQL yomwe imagwira ntchitoyi kumbuyo.
Zitsanzo za DBMSs
Masiku ano, DBMS zambiri zamalonda ndi zogulitsa zilipo. Ndipotu, kusankha malo omwe mukufunikira ndi ntchito yovuta. Msika wa DBMS wachibale wapamwamba umayang'aniridwa ndi Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, ndi IBM DB2, zosankha zonse zodalirika zowonongeka ndi deta. Kwa mabungwe ang'onoang'ono kapena ntchito zapakhomo, ma DBMS ambiri odziwika ndi Microsoft Access ndi FileMaker Pro.
Posachedwapa, ma DBMS ena osagwirizana nawo adakula mwakuya. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika pa NoSQL, momwe chiwerengero cha RDBM chodziwika bwino chimalowetsedwera ndi malo osinthika. Izi ndi zothandiza pozisungira ndikugwira ntchito ndi ma data aakulu kwambiri omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya deta. Osewera aakulu mu malowa akuphatikizapo MongoDB, Cassandra, HBase, Redis, ndi CouchDB.