Kodi rotoscoping ndi chiyani chomwe timachigwiritsa ntchito?
Ngati mwakhala nthawi yayitali mukugwira mavidiyo, mwinamwake mumamva mawu oti "rotoscoping", kapena "roto", koma tanthauzo lake silingakhale lomveka bwino. Mwamwayi, tiri pano. Kusinthasintha, ndikutanthauzira, njira yomwe moyo kapena moyo umasuliridwa pa fomu imodzi panthawi yopanga kuchoka pamutu, kapena "matte", omwe angakhale ndi chikhalidwe china. Ntchito imeneyi yowonjezera maziko atsopano ndi zinthu zakutsogolo zimatchedwa "kupanga". Tidzakamba za kuwonetsera nthawi ndi nthawi mu izi ndi zina, kotero ndi chinthu chabwino kuti muzindikire.
N'chifukwa chiyani amatchedwa rotoscoping?
Chabwino, mawu oti "rotoscoping" amachokera ku makina omwe anachita zofanana ndi zomwe tafotokoza mu ndime yoyamba. Rotoscope inali chida chothandizira kupanga filimu imodzi yokha, yomwe ili ndi paseli ndi galasi lachisanu kuti mulole wotsogolera kufufuza nkhaniyi poika pepala pamwamba pa galasi. Mwa kufufuza mafelemu aliwonse mu filimu, wotsogolera amathera ndi zithunzithunzi zolondola za nkhani yomwe akufuna kuti ikhale nayo pamoyo.
Rotoscope inakhazikitsidwa mu 1914 ndi Max Fleischer, ndipo inagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba m'nkhani zitatu zotchedwa "Out of the Inkwell". Fleischer adapanga mndandanda kuti asonyeze zomwe adazikonza. Kuyika rotoscope kuti ayesetse iye ankafuna phunziro la moyo kuti azitsatira ndi kuwonetsa, ndipo mchimwene wa Max Dave - Coney Island woimba nyimbo - analowerera kuti azisamalira kayendetsedwe ka moyo kachitidwe ka "Koko the Clown".
Zinali zoyenera kwambiri: Dave anachita pamaso pa kamera, ndipo filimu ya kamera idakonzedweratu pa maaselope a rotoscope a Max kuti awone.
Max ali ndi chivomerezo chodziwika bwino chomwe anapanga mu 1917, ndipo posachedwa makina odabwitsa adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zithunzi zazikulu zachi Hollywood monga Snow White ndi Seven Dwarves ndi Betty Boop.
Zosinthasintha zamoyo zakhala ndi moyo wathanzi kuyambira pomwe Max anapanga mawonekedwe oyambirira ndipo wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza muzipangizo za kanema ndi kanema. Chitsanzo chimodzi chodabwitsa cha chidutswa chapamwamba kwambiri ndi kanema wa nyimbo ya A-Ha, "Tengani Ine". Mavidiyo oterewa amakhala ndi zithunzi zomwe zimawoneka ngati zithunzi zojambula zithunzi, zojambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosangalatsa yotchedwa "wiritsani" kapena "jitter". Zotsatira zake zikuwoneka mwa chikhalidwe chosasunthika cha mizere ya zochitika zamasewero.
Zotsatirazi kawirikawiri zimangochitika mwangozi, ndipo zotsatira za kusasamala kapena zosayendetsa kufufuza, koma mu nkhani ya A-Ha, zotsatira zake ndi zolinga ndipo zimapereka kanema chizindikiro chachithunzi.
Tsopano, poganizira njira yomwe timakambirana pamwambapa pomwe filimu iliyonse imayang'aniridwa kuti ipange zithunzithunzi, kanema kanema ya miniti inayi idzatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? "Nditengereni" ndinatenga masabata makumi atatu ndi atatu kuti ndiwonetse mafelemu opitirira 3,000 a kanema yotsatira.
Kumveka kosavuta komanso kovuta? Zedi zimatero. Mudzasangalala kudziwa kuti zinthu zapita patsogolo kwambiri.
Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa zojambulajambula kumachitika pa makompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu monga Imagineer's Mocha Pro, Adobe After Effects, ndi Silhouette. Pulogalamu iliyonseyi yakonzedweratu ndi zipangizo zochepetsera polojekitiyi.
Chodziwika kwambiri - komanso panthawi yake - chitsanzo cha ntchito yojambula zithunzi ku Hollywood idzakhala yotsegula magetsi m'mafilimu a Star Wars. Kuti apange zotsatira, ochita masewerawa amatha kuchita nkhondo zawo zogwiritsira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito timitengo. Wojambula wotchedwa rotoscope amatha kuwombera khoma ndi ndodo, kuwonjezera kuwala. Zotsatirazo zinagulitsidwa kwambiri ndi ntchito yowonjezera yowonjezera.
Nkhani yosangalatsa yonena za Star Wars IV: A New Hope ndi yakuti nthawi zina ma sabers amapangidwa ndi kuvala timatumba tating'onoting'ono timatabwa tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito ndikuwoneka bwino. Akatswiri opanga mapepala amatha kuwonjezera zowonongeka ndi mitundu, koma kuwala koyambirira kunangokhala kuwala pa ndodo. Sangalalani!
Nchifukwa chiyani anthu amawopa zojambulajambula?
Ngati mumalankhulana ndi munthu yemwe amagwira ntchito yopanga kapena kutulutsa zojambulajambula, nthawi zambiri zojambulajambula ndi chimodzi mwa nkhani zomwe zimabweretsa zowawa monga kukumbukira madzi osefukira.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti zithunzi zosuntha zimagwiritsa ntchito mafelemu ambiri. Sewani ma sekondi khumi a mavidiyo pa mafelemu 24 pa mphindi ndipo muli ndi mawonekedwe 240 pa ntchito yanu.
Nthawi zambiri, njirayi ndi yofunikira, koma nthawi zambiri wopanga akhoza kupewa ntchito yojambula zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito nsapato zomwe zaponyedwa mosamala. Mapulogalamu amphamvu amatha kuzindikira mtundu wa chinsalu ndikuchichotsa, kupanga matte nthawi yowombera, kupulumutsa kuti apange matte imodzi imodzi panthawi.
Kotero ndi liti pamene opanga adakali oyenera?
Ngakhale mu ntchito zabwino ndi akatswiri apamwamba, zinthu zikhoza kuchitika. Vuto lomwe lingatheke ndilo pamene mkono, mwendo kapena gawo lina la thupi likusunthira kunja kwawuni kapena zofiira. Pofuna kupanga matte woyera, njira yokhayo ingakhale yopangidwira pang'onopang'ono ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu kuti agwire ntchito yonseyo. Nthaŵi zambiri, pangokhala masekondi angapo ndi vuto, koma ngati wotsogolera alibe chisamaliro ichi chingakhale nkhani yaikulu.
Muzochitika zina, ngati mtsogoleriyo ali wopanda cholakwa koma gulu lokha silinakhazikitse bwino zowonekera kapena kutsegula bwino chinthucho, roto akhoza kutenga nawo mbali posakhalitsa. Miyambo yochokera kumagetsi imatha kumira, kupanga mthunzi umene pulogalamuyo sichidzachotsa, ndipo kuunika kochepa kumatha kuchita chimodzimodzi. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale kuwombera kumene kuyenera kuti kunali mphepo kuti agwire nawo ntchito kungayambitse mantha.
Inde, pali kusiyana pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu kuchotsa vesi lofiira ndi kutulutsa zojambula pamanja. Pamene mapulogalamu a pulojekiti amachokera ku matte amachotsa ma pixelisi omwe amatsata ndondomeko zomwe wopanga amapanga kuti akhale "fungulo" pawonekedwe lobiriwira kapena la buluu komanso palibe china chilichonse. Kujambula zojambulajambula kumatsogolera kumphepete mwachangu, pomwe tidzakhala tikulemba mzere weniweni. Zotsatira zingathe kuwonjezeredwa mtsogolo kuti zifewetse mizere ndi kusakaniza nkhaniyo kumbuyo, koma ndizofunikira kuzindikira kusiyana kwake.
Zotsatira Zabwino
Pamapeto a tsiku, zojambulajambula ndizo zomwe tayankhula zokhudzana ndi: kutambasula nkhani muzithunzi zonse. Ngakhale kuti ndizolunjika, pali njira zomwe zimapangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta komanso kubweretsa zotsatira zabwino.
Poyamba, mmalo mosankha pangongole pulogalamuyi ndikuyang'ana mutu ndi thupi la nkhaniyo ndi cholembera (ichi chimatchedwa kupanga "mask"), perekani polojekitiyi musanasankhe chilichonse. Malinga ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka nkhaniyo, mfundo zofufuzira zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri mpaka kutalika kwa pulogalamuyi.
Zingagwire ntchito posankha ndondomeko ya phunziro lonse, koma ngati kuyendayenda kuli, kunena, kuyenda, ziwalo za thupi zidzadutsa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, ndipo ziwalo zambiri za thupi zidzakulungama, kuzivilira ndi kuyenda.
M'malo mwake ganizirani mosamala momwe thupi lidzasunthira, ndipo yesetsani kuyang'ana thupi ngati zochepa zokhazokha. Tsopano mmalo mwa kupanga maski akuluakulu, gwiritsani ntchito masikiti angapo pa ziwalo za thupi, kuphatikizapo maski osiyana pa ziwalo. Pamene nkhaniyo ikuyenda kuchokera pa chimango cha pangidwe, mudzakhala ndi masikiti omangika kuti mutenge malo omwe mumakhala nawo.
Ojambula ambiri amaika masikiti awo okhawokha, osiyana ndi malemba kuti atsegule ndi kutuluka popanda kuwonetsa zosanjikiza za kanema. Malinga ndi mapulogalamu omwe mumasankha izi zingakhale zosankha.
Zoonadi, zina mwazinthu zowonjezera polojekiti ya roto ziyenera kugwera pa ojambula a roto. Mukudziwa. Inu.
Kulandira malangizo omveka bwino omwe magawo a magawo angagwiritsidwe ntchito akhoza kusunga matani a ntchito ya roto. Ngati muli ndi masekondi 25 pamapepala 30 pamphindi, koma pulojekitiyi imangodutsa masekondi anai a pulogalamuyi, funsani kuti masekondi anayi adayenera kutani. Kujambula mafelemu 120 kapena kotero ndibwino kwambiri kuposa 750 mwa iwo.
Payenera kukhala njira yophweka ...
Zaka zingapo zapitazo, gulu labwino lomwe linatha pambuyo pa Adobe linapanga chida chotchedwa "Rotobrush" pofuna kuyesetsa kupanga zojambulajambula. Lingaliro ndilo lakuti After Effects designer ali ndi chida chogwiritsira ntchito mofanana ndi chida "Chosankha Chokha Mwamsanga" ku Photoshop kuti afotokoze nkhani. Chidachi chingasankhe chirichonse chomwe chimakhala bwino kuchokera kumbuyo ndipo chikhoza kusinthidwa kuti chipeze nkhani molondola. Chida chikangokhala ndi mutuwo, chimatha kutsogolo ndi kubwerera m'mbuyo mwazithunzizo ndipo chidachi chidzasintha kuti zisunge nkhani yomwe yasankhidwa lonse lonse. Sizimagwira ntchito mwangwiro, koma, ngati ntchito iliyonse yojambulapo, pali njira zabwino kwambiri.
Komabe, ngati mungathe kugwiritsira ntchito pulojekiti yanu ikhoza kukupulumutsani maola ambiri.
Mukufuna kuphunzira zambiri?
Pokhalapo kwa nthawi yonse yomwe ili, pali zambiri zambiri zokhudza rotoscoping ndi momwe mungayambitsire, koma njira yabwino yophunzirira ndiyo kupeza phunziro ndikuyambitsanso manja anu. Sankhani chidutswa cha mapulogalamu (Ndikutsutsa Adobe After Effects) ndikuyang'ana lynda.com kapena YouTube zovuta zovuta. Mungafunikire kuwombera mndandanda wa mayesero kuti muyesere nawo, koma kudzikweza nokha kudzakupatsani manja kumvetsetsa za ndondomekoyi ndikudalira kwambiri kupita patsogolo.
Zosangalatsa zojambula zithunzi!