"Hacktivism" ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mawu akuti "kuwombera" ndi "chiwonetsero" chomwe chachitika pamene anthu amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kuti awonetsere chifukwa cha ndale kapena zachikhalidwe. Anthu ena nthawi zina amatchedwa "SJW" kapena ankhondo a chikhalidwe cha anthu .
Kwa mbiri yambiri yaumunthu, anthu akhala akuwonetsa mwachindunji mwa njira imodzi-kapena-kapena chinachake-chimene iwo amachikonda kwambiri. Izi zikhoza kukhala kuphatikiza kunja kwa maofesi a Mzinda wa Mzinda, kulembera makalata kwa mkonzi wa pepala lapanyumba pofuna kutsutsa ndondomeko yomwe ikubwera, kapena kukonzekera kulowa mu yunivesite.
Zonsezi ndizofanana: zimakhala malo amodzi, ndipo ambiri, ngati si onse, a anthu omwe akuchita nawo zionetsero akuchokera kuderalo.
Lowani pa intaneti . Chifukwa chakuti ikhoza kugwirizanitsa anthu ochokera konsekonse padziko lapansi mosasamala malo, malo omwe akuwonetsera kapena kutsutsana ndi chifukwa chake amasiyana kwambiri.
Hacktivism ndi zowonjezereka zikugwirizana; Komabe, hacktivism ndi yosiyana chifukwa yachitidwa mobwerezabwereza. Anthu amene amagwira nawo ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi ndalama zogulira ndalama; mmalo mwake, iwo akuyang'ana kuti apange neno la mtundu wina. Cholinga chachikulu cha hacktivism chikugwedeza chifukwa; mmalo mwa chisamaliro cha boma, ndiko kusokonezeka kwa digito pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ngati chida chofunikira chotsatira uthenga wawo padziko lonse lapansi.
Anthu osokoneza bongo amagwiritsira ntchito zopezeka pa intaneti, zonse zalamulo ndi zomwe zingaganizidwe zosaloleka, pakufunafuna mauthenga omwe ali ofunika kwa iwo; makamaka kuzungulira nkhani za ndale ndi zaumunthu.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Hacktivism Imakhala Yofala Kwambiri?
Nkhani ya ku Georgetown kuwonjezeka kwa hacktivism inanena izi mu September 2015 chifukwa chake hacktivism yakhala yotchuka kwambiri:
"Hacktivism, kuphatikizapo boma lochitidwa ndi boma kapena lochitidwa hacktivism, lingakhale njira yowonjezera yowonjezereka kutsutsa ndikutsata mwachindunji otsutsa. Zimapereka njira zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kupereka mawu ndi kuvulaza popanda kuopseza koopsa potsatira lamulo lachigawenga kapena kuyankha pansi pa malamulo apadziko lonse. Kudzudzula kumapereka anthu omwe sali a boma omwe amachititsa kuti zisokonezo zapamsewu ndi ziwonetsero zowononga zida zankhondo. Sakhala njira zodziwika zokha zowonetsera, koma komanso chida cha mphamvu ya dziko chomwe chiri chovuta kuyanjana padziko lonse ndi malamulo apadziko lonse. "
Anthu osokoneza bongo angasonkhanitse pansi pa zifukwa zowonongeka padziko lonse popanda kufunika kulikonse, zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu munthu aliyense komanso gulu la zochita zake komanso zosokoneza zamagetsi.
Chifukwa chakuti webusaitiyi ndi yotsika mtengo, hacktivists amatha kupeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zili zophweka komanso zosavuta kuphunzira kuti akwaniritse ntchito zawo. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa chakuti zonsezi zikuwoneka pa intaneti, pali chiopsezo chochepa kwa anthu omwe akukhudzidwa mwathupi komanso mwalamulo chifukwa ambiri a hacktivism sakuyendetsedwa ndi mabungwe amilandu pokhapokha atakhala ndi vuto linalake kapena lachuma.
Kodi Zolinga Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Zowopsa?
Chifukwa zinthu zomwe hacktivists zimagwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti, chirichonse ndi aliyense akhoza kukhala cholinga. Ngakhale cholinga cha hacktivism ndizochititsa kuti anthu azidziŵa zambiri pa nkhani inayake, masewera ambiri a hacktivist amapita patsogolo kuposa, poyambitsa zosokoneza ndi kukhumudwitsidwa, ndi zochita zambiri zomwe zimathera kusokonezeka kwa ntchito, kutaya mbiri, kapena kusokoneza deta.
"Chidachi chimakhala chofikira kwambiri, teknoloji ndi yopambana kwambiri," anatero Chenxi Wang, wotsatila pulezidenti wotsogolera chitetezo ku Forrester Research. "Chilichonse chiri pa intaneti - moyo wanu, moyo wanga - umene umapangitsa kuti uwonongeke kwambiri." - Hacktivism: Kumeneko kwa Hackers ndi Chifukwa
Dziko lapansi lili pa intaneti, choncho cholinga cha hacktivism ndi legion. Anthu osokoneza bongo akhala akulimbana ndi maboma akunja, mabungwe akuluakulu, ndi atsogoleri otchuka a ndale. Atsatiranso mabungwe a boma, kuphatikizapo maofesi apolisi ndi zipatala. Nthawi zambiri hacktivists amapindula poyendetsa mabungwe ang'onoang'ono amenewa chifukwa chakuti sali okonzeka chitetezo-nzeru kudziteteza okha ndi zovuta maumboni ojambula.
Kodi Hacktivism Ndi Yabwino Kapena Yoipa?
Yankho losavuta ndilo lingathe kuoneka ngati labwino kapena loipa, malingana ndi mbali yomwe mungakhale nayo.
Mwachitsanzo, pakhala pali zochitika zingapo za hacktivists ogwirira ntchito pamodzi kuti akulimbikitse zolankhula zaulere, makamaka m'mayiko okhala ndi malamulo ovomerezeka omwe amalepheretsa kupeza zambiri.
Anthu ambiri amawona izi ngati chitsanzo cha hacktivism yabwino.
Anthu ambiri akhoza kusokoneza hacktivism ndi cyberterrorism. Zonsezi ndizofanana kuti zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa intaneti, koma ndi momwe zofanana zimathera. Kuphana Kwachinyengo kumafuna kuvulaza kwambiri (monga kuwonongeka kwa thupi ndi / kapena kuwononga ndalama). Hacktivism ikufuna kumvetsetsa pa nkhani inayake.
Hacktivism yambiri imakhala yosavomerezeka ndi malamulo ena apanyumba ndi apadziko lonse, komabe popeza kuwonongeka kwa ntchito zambiri za hacktivist kumaonedwa ngati zazing'ono, zochepa za milanduzi zimatsatiridwa. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa cha hacktivism padziko lonse ndi osadziwika nkhope ya anthu ambiri okhudzidwa, n'zovuta kufufuza kuti ndani kwenikweni ali ndi udindo.
Ena anganene kuti hacktivism imakhala pansi pa kulemekeza kwaulere ndipo ayenera kutetezedwa molingana; ena anganene kuti kugonjera ku zoyesayesazi kumatsutsana ndi kulankhula kwaulere kuvulaza makampani onse ndi anthu pawokha.
Kodi Mitundu Yambiri ya Hacktivism Ndi Chiyani?
Pamene intaneti ikupitirizabe kusintha, padzakhala palizinthu zambiri omwe hacktivists angagwiritse ntchito kuti akwaniritse zifukwa zawo. Njira zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu hacktivism ndi izi:
Kukhomerera : Kutsegula, kochepa kwa "zikalata", kapena "docs" kumatanthawuza njira yopezera, kugawa, ndi kufalitsa uthenga waumwini wa anthu pa webusaiti, webusaiti, kapena malo ena ochezeka.
Izi zingaphatikize mayina onse alamulo, maadiresi, maadiresi a ntchito, nambala ya foni, maadiresi a imelo, zambiri zachuma, ndi zina zambiri. Dziwani zambiri za doxing.
DDoS : Mfupi kwa "Kugawanika Kutha kwa Utumiki", iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yowonjezereka ya hacktivism chifukwa chakuti ili yothandiza kwambiri. Kuwonetsa DDoS ndiko kugwiritsidwa ntchito kovomerezeka kwa makompyuta ambiri kuti akanikize kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ku webusaiti yathu kapena chipangizo chogwirizanitsa ndi intaneti, ndi cholinga chachikulu chopanga webusaitiyi kapena chipangizochi kuti chiwonongeke. Anthu osokoneza bondo agwiritsira ntchito njirayi bwinobwino pogwiritsa ntchito malo osungirako mabanki, malo ogulitsira pa intaneti, mawebusaiti, ndi zina zotero.
Zopweteka Zambiri: Tonsefe timadziwika bwino panthawi ino ndi lingaliro la kuba. Kuphwanya kwadzidzidzi kumeneku kumagwiritsira ntchito zidziwitso zomwe zimadziwika ndikugwiritsira ntchito detayi kuti uchite chinyengo, kuitanitsa ngongole ndi makadi a ngongole, kulembetsa akaunti zabodza, ndikusamalitsa ndalama mosalongosoka, kuba zinthu zachinsinsi, kuyambitsa ziphuphu, ndi zina zambiri. Phunzirani zambiri za kusunga zambiri pa Intaneti .
Kusokoneza / Kuthamangitsa Maofesi a pa intaneti : Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zochitika zowonjezereka kwambiri za hacktivism, ndikuphwanya malamulo pamapeto a webusaitiyi yomwe cholinga chake ndi kusokoneza uthenga wa webusaitiyi mwanjira ina. Izi zingaphatikizepo kulekanitsa kwathunthu webusaitiyi, kusokoneza ntchito zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito sangakwanitse, ndi / kapena kutumiza mauthenga a hacktivist.
Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pozembera kumalo osungirako zinthu. Anthu oterewa amatha kupeza malonda awo omwe amawathandiza kuti azitha kulandira mauthenga.
Chifukwa chakuti mabungwe ambiri ali ndi maluso osiyanasiyana pa intaneti, mwayi uli wotseguka kwambiri kwa hacktivists. Zolinga zamtundu wa anthu ndi monga Facebook , Google+ , Twitter , Pinterest , LinkedIn , ndi YouTube . Maofesi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Intaneti monga mawebusaiti, intranet ya makampani, ndi makalata a imelo ndizinso zolinga. Mapulogalamu othandizira anthu monga ISPs , maulendo apadera, ndi ma telefoni ali pangozi kwa hacktivists akuyang'ana kuti adziwe.
Kodi Zitsanzo Zina za Kusokoneza Zinthu N'zotani?
Kuwonjezereka kwa hacktivism kudzapitirizabe makamaka ngati zipangizo zomwe zingasokonezedwe kwambiri ndi digito ndi zosavuta kupeza. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo za hacktivism:
- Mu 2016, onyoza adayambitsa ndondomeko yotsutsana ndi ma webusaiti akuluakulu a Michigan kuti afotokoze mavuto a Flint. Mwezi wa May, iwo adalumikiza mawebusaiti a North Carolina pofuna kutsutsa malamulo a boma omwe amafuna kuti anthu ochimwa azigwiritsa ntchito zipinda zodyera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zokhudzana ndi kugonana. Ndipo mu Julayi, iwo adakayang'ana kumzinda wa webusaiti ya Baton Rouge pambuyo poti apolisi achifwamba akuwombera munthu wakuda. - PBS.org, Hacktivists Kuyamba Cyberattacks Against Local State Governments
- Deta ya anthu oposa 1.3 miliyoni ku Montana inasokonezedwa ndi owonetsa poyera kudzera mu Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo za Anthu ndi Mankhwala.
- Machitidwe a makompyuta apolisi ku Ferguson, Missouri anagwedezeka kwambiri ndi akatswiri othawikitsa anthu omwe akudziŵa kuti ndi anthu omwe ali m'gulu la apolisi.
- Ziphuphu zokhudzana ndi maiko akunja ku United States sizikutanthauza kuti boma likugwirizanitsa, koma mabungwe omwe amachititsa kuti asamangidwe aziyang'ana poyera. Izi zikuphatikizira mauthenga a WikiLeaks omwe amatsutsana ndi a Democratic National Committee (DNC) mauthenga omwe anthu osadziwika amadziwika nawo.
- Ambiri a hacktivists amagwira ntchito payekha kuti awonetsere zomwe akuwona ngati kupanda chilungamo, koma kwa ena, kumangiriza pamodzi ndi bungwe kumawoneka kuti kumapangitsa kuti aziwapatsa zambiri. Mmodzi mwa mabungwe odziwika kwambiri a hacktivist ndi intaneti yomwe imangotchedwa Anonymous, gulu lomwe lapereka udindo kwa angapo omwe amachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azisokoneza hacktivist m'zaka zaposachedwapa.
Mmene Mungapewere Kuthetsa Hacktivism
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse padzakhala zovuta zomwe osokoneza savvy adzatha kuzigwiritsa ntchito, ndibwino kuti azisamala. Zotsatirazi ndizomwe zingakuthandizeni kukhala otetezeka ku zofuna zosayenera kuchokera ku chitsime chapansi:
- Gwiritsani ntchito chitetezo chodziwika ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi pulogalamu yozindikira
- Onetsetsani anthu anu akukumana ndi akaunti pa intaneti - izi zimaphatikizapo maimelo, mawebusaiti, mafilimu, mafilimu, ndi zina zotero.
- Samalani kuti palibe chidziwitso chanu chomwe chimapezeka pa intaneti (onani momwe mungakhalire otetezeka pa intaneti kuti mumve zambiri)
- Sungani machitidwe anu ndi mapulogalamu otetezera nthawi zonse kuti muteteze kuopseza
Palibe njira yolepheretsa kuteteza munthu kapena bungwe lomwe limatsimikiza kuchita ntchito ya hacktivist, koma ndi kwanzeru kukonzekera momwe mungathere pofuna kukhala ndi chitetezo chokonzekera m'malo.