exec - Ikani maumboni ochepa (es)
Zosinthasintha
exec ? zosintha ? ndemanga ? A ...
Kufotokozera
Lamuloli limapereka ziganizo zake monga kufotokoza kwa chimodzi kapena zingapo zoyenera kuchita. Zokambirana zimatenga mawonekedwe a pulasitiki yamakono yomwe gulu lililonse limakhala liwu limodzi la lamulo, ndipo lamulo lililonse limakhala lochepa.
Ngati mfundo zoyamba zoyambirira zogwiritsa ntchito poyambitsa - zitha kuchitidwa ngati kusintha kwa mzere wa malamulo ndipo sizili mbali ya mafotokozedwe a mapaipi. Zosintha zotsatirazi zithandizidwa panopa:
-keepnewline
Amasunga njira yatsopano yomwe imachokera pamayipi. Kawirikawiri mawu atsopano atsopano adzachotsedwa.
-
Maliko mapeto a kusintha. Mtsutso wotsatila uwu udzatengedwa ngati ag yoyamba ngakhale itayamba ndi - .
Ngati ganizo (kapena gulu la ar 's) liri ndi mafomu omwe afotokozedwa pansipa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa kutuluka kwa zolembera ndi zotsatira kuchokera pakati pa subprocess (es). Zokambirana zoterezi sizingaperekedwe kuzolowera. Mu mafomu monga `` < fileName '' fileName mwina ikhoza kukhala ndi ndemanga yosiyana kuchokera `` <'' kapena pamaganizo omwewo popanda malo olowa (ie `` < fileName '').
| |
Amasiyanitsa malamulo osiyana paipiipi. Momwe chiwonetsero cha lamulo lapitayi chidzapangidwira muzowonjezera zofunikira za lamulo lotsatira.
| &
Amasiyanitsa malamulo osiyana paipiipi. Zonse zomveka bwino ndi zolakwika zofanana za lamulo lapitayi zidzatchulidwa muzowonjezera zoyenera za lamulo lotsatira. Mtundu uwu wobwereza umadutsa mawonekedwe monga 2> ndi> &.
< fileName
Fayilo yotchulidwa ndi fileName imatsegulidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yovomerezeka ya lamulo loyamba muipiipi.
<@ fileId
FileId iyenera kukhala chizindikiritso cha mafayilo otseguka, monga kubwezera kochokera kuitanidwe lapitalo kutsegula . Amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe mungaphunzitsire lamulo loyamba paipiipi. FileId iyenera kuti yatsegulidwa kuti iwerenge .
<< chiwerengero
Mtengo wapitsidwira ku lamulo loyamba monga momwe limakhalira.
> fileName
Zolemba zoyambira kuchokera ku lamulo lomaliza zimayikidwanso ku fayilo yotchedwa file Name , kulembera zomwe zapitazo.
2> fileName
Kulakwitsa kwakukulu kuchokera ku malamulo onse muipiipi kumatulutsidwa ku fayilo yotchedwa file Name , ndikulemba zomwe zilipo kale.
> & fileName
Zonse ziwiri zomwe zimachokera ku lamulo lomaliza ndi zolakwika zofanana kuchokera ku malamulo onse zimatulutsidwa ku fayilo yotchedwa file Name , ndikulemba zinthu zomwe zapitazo.
>> fileName
Zolemba zoyambira kuchokera ku lamulo lomaliza zimayikidwenso ku fayilo yotchedwa file Name , kuyifikitsa kwa izo mmalo molemba izo.
2 >> fileName
Kulakwitsa kwakukulu kuchokera ku malamulo onse muipiipi kumatulutsidwa ku fayilo yomwe imatchedwa fileName , ndikuyitanitsa m'malo molemba.
>> & fileName
Zonse ziwiri zomwe zimachokera ku lamulo lomaliza ndi zolakwika zofanana kuchokera ku malamulo onse zimatulutsidwa ku fayilo yotchedwa fileName , ndikuyitanitsa m'malo moilemba.
> @ fileId
FileId iyenera kukhala chizindikiritso cha mafayilo otseguka, monga kubwezera kochokera kuitanidwe lapitalo kutsegula . Zolemba zoyambira kuchokera ku lamulo lomaliza zimatulutsidwa ku fayilo yaId , yomwe iyenera kuti inatsegulidwa kuti ilembedwe.
2> @ fileId
FileId iyenera kukhala chizindikiritso cha mafayilo otseguka, monga kubwezera kochokera kuitanidwe lapitalo kutsegula . Kulakwitsa kwakukulu kuchokera ku malamulo onse muipiipi kumatulutsidwa ku fayilo ya fileId . Fayiloyo iyenera kuti inatsegulidwa kuti ilembedwe.
> & @ fileId
FileId iyenera kukhala chizindikiritso cha mafayilo otseguka, monga kubwezera kochokera kuitanidwe lapitalo kutsegula . Zonse ziwiri zochokera ku lamulo lomaliza ndi zolakwika zofanana kuchokera ku malamulo onse zimatulutsidwa ku fayilo yaId . Fayiloyo iyenera kuti inatsegulidwa kuti ilembedwe.
Ngati chiwerengero chazomwe sichidawongosoledwe ndiye kuti exec command imabweretsanso zomwe zimachokera ku lamulo lomaliza mu pipeline. Ngati malamulo ena omwe ali pamipope amachoka mosalekeza kapena amafa kapena amaimitsidwa, ndiye amachititsa kuti abwererenso zolakwika ndipo uthenga wolakwika umaphatikizapo mapepala omwe amachokera pambuyo pake ndi mauthenga olakwika omwe akufotokozera kuwonongeka kosayenera; Chosintha cholakwikacho chidzakhala ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi kutha kwachilendo kosayembekezereka. Ngati malamulo ena amalemba fayilo yake yolakwika komanso kuti zolakwikazo sizinayambitsidwe, ndiye kuti adzabwezera cholakwika; Uthenga wolakwika umaphatikizapo muyezo wa pipeline, womwe umatsatiridwa ndi mauthenga okhudza kutayika kosasintha (ngati kulipo), kutsatiridwa ndi zolakwika zomwe zimachokera.
Ngati khalidwe lomaliza la uthenga kapena cholakwika ndi uthenga watsopano, ndiye kuti khalidwelo limachotsedwa pazotsatira kapena zolakwika. Izi zimagwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zina za kubwerera kwa Tcl, zomwe sizimatha ndi mauthenga atsopano. Komabe, ngati -keepnewline yatsimikiziridwa ndiye mndandanda wa atsopano umasungidwa.
Ngati zolembera zowonongeka sizinayambitsidwenso ndi `` <'kapena `` <<' 'kapena `` <@' 'ndiye chilolezo choyamba cha lamulo loyamba muipiyo chimatengedwa kuchokera pakalipano ya pulogalamuyi.
Ngati ar yotsiriza ndi `` & '' ndiye bomba lidzachitidwa kumbuyo. Pankhaniyi lamulo la exec lidzabwezeretsanso mndandanda umene zinthuzo ndizozindikiritsa ndondomeko za zonse zomwe zimachitika papepala. Zomwe zimachokera ku lamulo lomaliza muipiyi zidzakwaniritsidwa pazomwe amagwiritsira ntchito ngati simunayambitsirenso, ndipo zolakwika kuchokera ku malamulo onse muipiyo zidzapita ku fayilo ya zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito pokhapokha zitayikidwa.
Mawu oyambirira mu lamulo lililonse amatengedwa ngati dzina la lamulo; Kusintha kwapadera kumachitidwa pa izo, ndipo ngati zotsatirazo sizikhala ndi zowonongeka ndiye zolembera mu PATH zosinthika zachilengedwe zikufufuzidwa kuti zizitha kuperekedwa ndi dzina lopatsidwa. Ngati dzina lili ndi slash ndiye liyenera kutanthawuzira ku chiwopsezo chotheka kuchoka pazolandila zamakono. Kuwonjezeka kwa `glob '' kapena mawonekedwe ena monga chigwirizano kumachitika pazitsutsano za malamulo.
Nkhani Zowonongeka
Mawindo (Mabaibulo onse)
Kuwerenga kuchokera kapena kulembera pazitsulo, pogwiritsa ntchito '` @ fileId ' 'chidziwitso, sikugwira ntchito. Mukamawerenga kuchokera pazitsulo, pulogalamu ya DOS 16-bit imawoneka ndipo pempho la 32-bit lidzabwerera nthawi yomweyo ndi mapeto a fayilo. Pamene mtundu uliwonse wa mauthenga umalembera pazitsulo, chidziwitso chimatumizidwa ku console, ngati wina alipo, kapena atayidwa.
The widget tcript console widget sichipereka zenizeni IO mphamvu. Pansi pa Tk, pamene ikutsitsimutsa kuchoka kuzolowera, machitidwe onse adzawona mapeto a-file; chidziwitso chofotokozeredwa kuyezo woyenera kapena cholakwika choyenera chidzatayidwa.
Mwina kupita kumbuyo kapena kubwerera kumbuyo kukuvomerezedwa ngati njira zopatulira zotsutsana ndi malamulo a Tcl. Mukamaliza kugwiritsa ntchito, dzina lachindunji likugwiritsidwa ntchito pulojekitiyi ikhoza kukhala ndi kutsogolo kapena kubwerera kumbuyo monga olekanitsa njira. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti maofesi ambiri a Windows amavomereza kutsutsana ndi kutsogolo kutsogolo kokha ngati zosankha zokonza ndi kubwerera mmbuyo mu njira zokha. Zolinga zilizonse ku ntchito yomwe imatchula dzina la njira ndi kutsogolo kutsogolo sizingasinthidwe kuti igwiritse ntchito chikhalidwe cha kubwerera mmbuyo. Ngati kukangana kutsogolo kukung'amba ngati njira yolekanitsa, zingatheke kapena sizidziwike ngati dzina la njira, malingana ndi pulogalamuyi.
Kuwonjezera apo, pamene mukuyitana 16-bit DOS kapena Windows 3.X ntchito, mayina onse a njira ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe afupikako, omveka bwino (mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito `` applba ~ 1.def '' mmalo mwa `` applbakery.default '' ).
Zika ziwiri kapena zamtsogolo kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo kumatsika pamzere pamsewu akutanthauza njira yamagulu. Mwachitsanzo, kufotokozera kosavuta pazomwe buku lanu lilili : c: / ndi madiresi / mawindo / mawindo adzapereka c: // mawindo / mawonekedwe (awiri akudumpha palimodzi), zomwe zikutanthauza malo otchedwa dongosolo pa makina otchedwa windows (ndi c: / sanyalanyazidwa), ndipo sichifanana ndi c: / windows / system , yomwe imalongosola zolemba pa makompyuta omwe alipo. Lamulo lojambulira fomu liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zigawo za njira.
Windows NT
Pamene mukuyesera kuchita, yesani kufufuza dzina loyambirira monga momwe lidafotokozere. Ndiye, mu dongosolo, .com , .exe , ndi .bat zimatumizidwa kumapeto kwa dzina lodziwika ndipo zimasaka dzina lalitali. Ngati dzina lachinsinsi silinatchulidwe ngati gawo la dzina lazembedzero, mauthenga otsatirawa amafufuzidwa mwachindunji kuti akayesetse kupeza malowa:
Mndandanda kumene TCL idawotchera yanyamula.
Zolemba zamakono.
Tsamba la mawindo a Windows NT 32-bit system.
Tsambali la Windows NT 16-bit system.
Tsamba la nyumba ya Windows NT.
Maofesi omwe ali pamsewu.
Kuti akwaniritse malamulo a shell shell monga diranso ndi kukopera , woyitanayo ayenera kukhala `` cmd.exe / c '' ku lamulo lofunidwa.
Windows 95
Pamene mukuyesera kuchita, yesani kufufuza dzina loyambirira monga momwe lidafotokozere. Ndiye, mu dongosolo, .com , .exe , ndi .bat zimatumizidwa kumapeto kwa dzina lodziwika ndipo zimasaka dzina lalitali. Ngati dzina lachinsinsi silinatchulidwe ngati gawo la dzina lazembedzero, mauthenga otsatirawa amafufuzidwa mwachindunji kuti akayesetse kupeza malowa:
Mndandanda kumene TCL idawotchera yanyamula.
Zolemba zamakono.
Tsamba la Windows 95 dongosolo.
Mawindo a Windows 95 kunyumba.
Maofesi omwe ali pamsewu.
Kuti akwaniritse malamulo a shell shell monga diranso ndi kukopera , woyitanayo ayenera kukhala `` command.com / c '' ku lamulo lofunidwa.
Kamodzi kamodzi ka 16-bit DOS yolemba yayamba kuwerengera ndondomeko kuchokera ku console ndikusiya, zonsezo zimatha kuyendetsa 16-bit DOS mapulogalamu adzawona kuyika kwadongosolo monga kutsekedwa kale. Mapulogalamu 32-bit alibe vuto ili ndipo amathamanga molondola, ngakhale atachita 16-bit DOS ntchito akuganiza kuti muyezo olowera watsekedwa. Palibe chidziwitso chodziwikiratu cha kachilomboka panthawi ino.
Kulekanitsa pakati pa NUL: chipangizo ndi ntchito 16-bit sikugwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Pamene ikutsogolera kuchokera ku NUL:, mapulogalamu ena akhoza kupachika, ena adzalandira mtsinje wopanda malire wa `` 0x01 '' bytes, ndipo ena adzapeza molondola mapeto a fayilo; khalidwe likuwoneka likudalira chinachake chomwe chinapangidwira ku ntchitoyo yokha. Pamene ikulowetsanso zazikulu kuposa 4K kapena NUL:, mapulogalamu ena adzalumikizidwa. Mavuto omwe tatchulawa sapezeka ndi mapulogalamu 32-bit.
Mapulogalamu onse a DOS 16-bit akuthamanga mwachidwi. Zotsatira zonse zochokera ku chitoliro mpaka ku 16-bit DOS ntchito ikusonkhanitsidwa mu fayilo yaifupi; mapeto ena a chitoliro ayenera kutseka asanayambe ntchito ya 16-bit DOS ikuyamba. Zonse zofunikira kapena zolakwika kuchokera pazitsulo 16-bit DOS ku chitoliro zimasonkhanitsidwa mu maofesi osakhalitsa; ntchitoyo iyenera kuthera musanafike maofesi osakhalitsa kuti apite ku gawo lotsatira la bomba. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kachilombo ka Windows 95 pakukhazikitsa mapaipi, ndi momwe mazenera a Windows 95 DOS amagwiritsira ntchito mapaipi okha.
Mapulogalamu ena, monga command.com , sayenera kuchitidwa mwachindunji. Mapulogalamu omwe amapezeka mwachindunji pawindo lakutonthoza, mmalo mowerenga kuchokera pazolemba zawo zolemba ndi kulembera kuwonongeka kwawo akhoza kulephereka, pachika Tcl, kapena ngakhale kupachika dongosolo ngati firiji lawo lawonekedwe lapadera silikupezeka kwa iwo.
Macintosh
Malamulo a exec does not implement and are not under Macintosh.
Unix
Lamulo la exec execute likugwira bwino ntchito ndipo limagwira ntchito.
Onaninso
kulakwitsa (n), kutsegula (n)
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu
pangani, pipeni, kubwereza, kusamalidwa
Chofunika: Gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la munthu ( % munthu ) kuti muwone momwe lamulo likugwiritsira ntchito pa kompyuta yanu.