Masewera a pakompyuta ophweka komanso osangalatsa omwe amaseŵera awiri amasinthasintha mawonekedwe awo akuyendetsa kayendedwe kake kazitoliro, kudula mpira wodabwitsa kwambiri, anali wolemba mbiri wotchuka womwe unayambitsa makampani a masewera a pakompyuta. malo ake mu mbiri ya chikhalidwe cha anthu. Zosavuta monga masewera angakhale ndi miyezo ya lero, mbiri ya Pong ili ndi zolimbana ndi zotsutsana.
Pong: Zowona
- Mutu: Pong
- Wofalitsa / Wolemba: Atari, Inc.
- Tsiku lomasula: 1972 (Coin-Op Arcade Version), 1974 (Home version)
Mbiri ya Pong
Monga momwe timapepala timapitira "Pachiyambi panali Pong ", kuchititsa ambiri kukhulupirira kuti Pong anali masewera a pakompyuta yoyamba, koma makamaka zatsopano zogwiritsa ntchito masewera omwe adakonzeratu, kuyambira pazochitika zapamwamba za tennis Tennis ( Two ) 1958, PDP mpikisano wamakompyuta Spacewar! , masewera oyamba a computer Space and Atari omwe anayambitsa masewera otchedwa Nolan Bushnell ndi Ted Dabney omwe adasewera masewera otchedwa Galaxy Game (1971) (onse awiri anali Spacewar!) ndipo sitingaiwale Magnavox Odyssey ya 1972, sewero loyambirira tonthozani.
Galaxy Game inapangidwa ndi kufalitsidwa ndi Nutting Associates ndipo idapindula kwambiri. Izi zinatsutsa Nolan Bushnell ndi Ted Dabney kuti atuluke paokha, kotero iwo anapanga kampani yawo yoyamba Syzygy Engineering, yomwe idasintha n'kukhala Atari chifukwa cha mkangano wamalonda. Pokhala ndi cholinga chokonzekera ndi kumasula masewera awo omwe, chinthu choyamba chomwe ankafunikira chinali antchito, kotero iwo adayambitsa Choyamba iwo ankafuna antchito, anali atathamanga ngati kampani yowonjezera, ndipo inkafunika gulu lachitukuko lomwe linapita patsogolo pa oyamba Nolan Bushnell ndi Ted Dabney kotero iwo analemba luso lopanga Al Alcorn, yemwe kale anali wantchito wa Dabney.
Monga chiyeso, Bushnell ndi Dabney anali ndi mapangidwe a Alcorn ndikumanga masewero omwe akusonyeza Bushnell adawona za Magnavox Odyssey yomwe ikubwera. Alcorn anapita kukagwira ntchito ndikuwombera aliyense ndi zotsatira zake ndipo mwamsanga anapita paulendo kuti akhale Atari woyamba masewera osewera.
Chithunzi cha Pong chinayikidwa pamalo ena otchedwa Andy Capp's Tavern, ndipo patangopita masabata angapo, iwo anali odzaza ndi malo ambiri omwe masewerawo anaphwanyidwa. Atatenga ngongole, Pong anapita kukapanga ndi Atari Inc. anali bizinesi.
Pong Amabwera Pakhomo
Mu 1972, chaka chomwecho Pong anatulutsidwa kupita kumalo otsekemera, Magnavox Odyssey inatsegulira ngati sewero loyamba la masewera a pakompyuta. Machitidwewa anali olimba kwambiri, ndi magalimoto osinthasintha omwe ali ndi masewera osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi matepi a TV ndi zipangizo monga makhadi ndi maisiti, ndi chips poker.
Atatulutsa chiwerengero chokwanira cha makabati a Pong onse omwe amapezeka panyumba komanso kunja, komanso malo ena otchuka monga Space Race, Gotcha ndi Rebound, Atari anali kufunafuna zotsatira zake zotsatira. Pamene adayendetsa bwino mabasiketi, anayamba kuyang'ana chipinda chokhalamo, omwe mpikisano wokhawokha unachokera ku Odyssey.
Mu 1974 Atari anasaina pangano ndi Sears kuti amasule Pong kunyumba yoyamba. Mmalo mwa magalimoto kapena makaputi, dongosololi linali ndondomeko yopatulira, kutanthauza kuti masewerawa anali omwe ali nawo mu unit. Ndondomekoyi idatulutsidwa koyamba ngati Sear Tele-Games ndikugwedezeka mwamsanga, kukhala malo ogulitsira malonda kwambiri kwambiri kugulitsa chinthu cha Khirisimasi, ndi malonda akutsitsa Magnavox Odyssey.
Lamuloli:
Chaka chotsatira Pong ankalamulira nyengo ya tchuthi, Magnavox adatsutsa Atari chifukwa chophwanya "ufulu wawo". Kwenikweni, Pong anali ofanana kwambiri ndi mapangidwe ndi lingaliro la Pong , ndipo ndi umboni wakuti Bushnell anali mmodzi mwa omwe anapezeka pa demo la Magnavox Odyssey, adatsiriza kuchoka kukhoti.
Ngakhale kuti Pong inali yofanana ndi maseŵero a masewera ndi kukonzekera ku Magnavox Odyssey, inali ndi mapangidwe osiyana komanso osewera. Mawonetseredwe a Odyssey anali ndi mabokosi akuluakulu awiri akugwedeza bokosi lachitatu kumbuyo ndi masewera a masewera awo ambiri, komabe, mabokosi omwe amaimira paddle (kapena requite) sakanatha kusunthira mmwamba komanso pansi koma akuchoka ndi kulondola chifukwa cha wolamulira awiri . Pong , mbali inayo, amagwiritsira ntchito zida ziwiri zowonongeka zomwe zingangosunthira mmwamba ndi pansi, kugwedeza mzere wozunzikirapo mobwerezabwereza.
Tumizani ku Clones
Kupambana kumakulira otsanzira, ndipo pamene Atari amanga ufumu wake pakuganiza malingaliro, kampani ina, General Instruments, idayesa kupanga ndalama zambiri polemba chimodzi. GI inapanga chipangizo chodabwitsa cha AY-3-8500 Chip, chomwe chinali chingwe chokwanira cha Pong , komanso chinali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masewerawo. Posakhalitsa kampani iliyonse yomwe ingathe kupanga pulogalamuyi ikhoza kupanga ndi kumasula machitidwe awo a masewero a kanema.
Zina mwazinthu zonyansa kwambiri za Pong zinali kuphatikizapo Coleco's Telstar ndi Nintendo yoyamba masewero a masewera a kanema, Masewero a TV TV.
Pong imapanga mbiri ya masewera a kanema
Ngakhale kuti simungakhale sewero loyambirira kwambiri ndipo simunali masewera oyambirira a kanema, Pong mosakayikira, masewera ofunikira kwambiri omwe anamasulidwa kale. Kukongola kwake kwakukulu kwamalonda kunayambitsa makampani a masewera a pakompyuta, kuyambira pokhala msika waung'ono wopita kunyumba.