Ma disks ndi magalimoto oyendetsa amagawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Gawo loyamba limatchedwa boot sector ndipo lili ndi Master Boot Record (MBR). The MBR ili ndi zambiri zokhudza malo a magawo pa galimoto ndi kuwerenga za bootable opaleshoni magawo. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma bootup pa PC-based PC, BIOS amafufuza mawonekedwe ena mafoni, IO.SYS ndi MS-DOS.SYS. Pamene maofesiwa apezeka, BIOS ndiye amafufuza gawo loyamba pa diski kapena galimotoyo ndikutenga zidziŵitso zofunikira za Master Boot Record pokumbukira. BIOS imapereka mphamvu ku pulogalamu mu MBR yomwe imatulutsanso IO.SYS. Fayilo yotsirizayi ndiyomwe ikuyang'anira zotsalira zogwiritsira ntchito .
Kodi Boot Sector Virus Ndi Chiyani?
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a boot ndi omwe amachititsa gawo loyamba, mwachitsanzo, gawo la boot , floppy disk kapena hard drive. Mavairasi amtundu wa Boot angathenso kulandira MBR. Vuto loyamba la PC pachilengedwe linali ubongo, kachilombo koyambitsa matenda omwe anawonetsa njira zowononga kuti asazindikire. Ubongo umasinthiranso chizindikiro cha volume cha disk drive.
Mmene Mungapewere Ma Virus a Boot Sector
Kawirikawiri, matenda opatsirana ndi kachilombo kawotchi amachokera ku diskettes "yogawana" ndi mapulogalamu a pirated. Ndizosavuta kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a boot. Ambiri amafalikira pamene osadziwa amasiya diskippy disks mu drive - zomwe zimachitika kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka boot sector . Nthawi yotsatira akamayambitsa PC yawo, kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matendawa. Machitidwe ambiri amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kusintha kwa boot kuti dongosolo nthawi zonse amayesetsa boot choyamba ku hard drive drive (C: \) kapena CD-ROM galimoto.
Disinfecting Boot Sector Viruses
Kukonzekera kwa gawo la boot kumapindula bwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a antivirus . Chifukwa mavairasi ena amtundu wa boot amatha kufotokozera MBR, kuchotsa zosayenera kungayambitse galimoto yomwe imalephera. Komabe, ngati muli ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa kokha kakhudza chigawo cha boot ndipo sichikuyimira kachilomboka, lamulo la DOS SYS lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubwezeretsa gawo loyamba. Kuonjezera apo, lamulo la DOS LABEL lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubwezeretsa chizindikiro chavutala chowonongeka ndipo FDISK / MBR idzasintha MBR. Palibe njira izi zimalimbikitsidwa, komabe. Mapulogalamu a antivayirasi akadali chida chabwino kwambiri chochotseratu mavairasi omwe ali ndi ma boot omwe amachititsa kuti deta komanso mafayilo aziwopsa kwambiri.
Kupanga Disk System
Pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, dongosololi liyenera kukhala lopangidwa kuchokera ku malo odziwika bwino a disk. Pa PC-based PC, bootable dongosolo disk akhoza kulengedwa pa dongosolo loyera kuthamanga chimodzimodzi DOS monga PC. Kuchokera ku DOS mwamsanga, yesani:
- SYS C: \ A: \
ndi kulumikiza kulowa. Izi zidzakopera mafayilo a mawonekedwe kuchokera ku disk hard drive (C: \) kupita ku floppy drive (A: \).
Ngati diskiyo siinapangidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito FORMAT / S kukonza ma disk ndikusintha maofesi oyenera. Pa mawindo a Windows 3.1x, disk iyenera kulengedwa monga momwe tafotokozera pamwamba pa PC-based PC. Pa mawindo a Windows 95/98 / NT, dinani Yambani | Mipangidwe | Pankhani Yoyang'anira | Onjezani / Chotsani Mapulogalamu ndikusankha tabu ya Startup Disk. Kenaka dinani "Pangani Disk". Ogwiritsa ntchito Windows 2000 ayenera kuika Windows 2000 CD-ROM m'galimoto ya CD-ROM, dinani Yambani | Kuthamanga ndi kujambula dzina la galimoto lotsatiridwa ndi bootdisk \ makeboot a: ndiyeno dinani OK. Mwachitsanzo:
- d: \ bootdisk \ makeboot a:
Tsatirani chinsaluchi kuti mutsirize kupanga bootable system disk. Nthawi zonse, mutatha kupanga bootable system disk, disk ayenera kutetezedwa kulemba kuti asatenge matenda.