Tsatanetsatane wa Mitundu itatu ya Magetsi Olamulira
Ngati mpweya wokhazikika, wodalirika ukufunika, kuyendetsa magetsi ndi njira yopita kuzinthu. Amatenga mpweya wolowera komanso amapanga magetsi omwe amachokera ku magetsi pokhapokha ngati magetsi amachokera pamtunda kapena kuthamanga kwa magetsi (mwa kusankha ziwalo zowongoka kunja).
Izi zimangokhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera, zina zimakhala zosavuta monga zojambula Zener pomwe zina zimaphatikizapo kuvomereza kwapadera komwe kungapangitse ntchito, kudalirika, kuyenerera, ndi kuwonjezera zina monga kuwonjezera mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu pamwamba pa magetsi voltage regulator.
Mitundu ya Voltage Regulators
Pali mitundu yambiri ya magetsi oyendetsa magetsi omwe amakhala otsika mtengo kwambiri. Mtengo wotsika mtengo kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri njira yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oyendetsa magetsi ochepa.
Zida zozungulira zimabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
Kusintha malamulo kumagwira ntchito kwambiri kuposa oyendetsa magetsi okhwima, koma ndi ovuta kugwira nawo ntchito komanso okwera mtengo.
Otsogolera otsogolera
Imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zothetsera magetsi ndi kupereka mpweya wodalirika pa zamagetsi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yowonjezera ya 3-pin yowonjezera mphamvu monga LM7805, yomwe imapereka 5 volt 1 amp output kuchokera ku voltage input mpaka 36 volts ( malinga ndi chitsanzo).
Otsogolera amayendetsa ntchito mwa kusintha kayendedwe kogwira ntchito kogwiritsa ntchito magetsi, makamaka kukhala gawo logawanitsa magetsi. Izi zimalola kuti pulogalamuyi ipange mphamvu yowonongeka mosasamala kanthu kalikonse komwe pakali pano payikidwa, kufikira momwe ilili mphamvu.
Chimodzi mwa zikuluzikulu zomwe zimagwira mpweya wothamanga ndizomwe zimakhala zochepa zedi zowonongeka pa voltage regulator, yomwe ndi 2.0 volts pa LM7805 yowonjezera magetsi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuti mutenge 5 volts yotulutsidwa, pafupifupi 7 input volt akufunika. Kugwa kwa mpweyawu kumathandiza kwambiri pa mphamvu yolepheretsedwa ndi woyendetsa maselo, omwe amayenera kutaya ma watt 2 ngati akupereka 1 amp load (2 volt voltage times 1 amp).
Kutaya mphamvu kwa mphamvu kumawonjezereka kwakukulu kusiyana pakati pa magetsi ndi magetsi. Mwachitsanzo, pamene gwero la 7 la volt lolamulidwa ndi 5 volts loperekera 1 amp litalepheretsa 2 Watts kudzera muzitsulo loyendetsera mzere, gwero la volt 10 lolamulidwa ndi 5 volts lomwe likupereka lomwelo likhoza kuchotsa ma watt asanu, ndikupanga 50% .
Kusintha Olamulira
Zolemba zoyendetsera zitsulo ndizofunikira zothetsera mphamvu zochepa, zofuna mtengo wotsika kumene kusiyana kwa magetsi pakati pa zolembera ndi zotsatira ndizochepa ndipo palibe mphamvu yochuluka yomwe ikufunika. Chinthu chachikulu pambali pa olamulira apamwamba ndi chakuti sagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, ndi pamene kusintha mawonekedwe kumayamba.
Pomwe pakufunika mphamvu yowonjezereka kapena magetsi ochulukirapo ambiri, kuphatikizapo ziphuphu zomwe zimaperekedwa pamunsi mwazimene zimaperekedwa, magetsi amatha kukhala opambana. Kusintha magetsi kumakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira 85% kapena bwino poyerekeza ndi zowonongeka zowonjezera mphamvu zomwe zimakhala pansi pa 50%.
Kusintha malamulo nthawi zambiri kumafuna zigawo zowonjezera pazowonjezereka, ndipo malingaliro a zigawo zikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi zotsatira zambiri pa ntchito yonse yosintha olamulira kusiyana ndi olamulira apakati.
Palinso mavuto ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyendetsa bwino popanda kusokoneza machitidwe kapena khalidwe la dera lonse chifukwa cha phokoso lamakono limene woyang'anira angathe kupanga.
Zener Diodes
Imodzi mwa njira zosavuta kuti muyendetse galimoto ndi Zener diode. Ngakhale woyendetsa mzere ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi zigawo zochepa zofunikira zomwe zimayenera kugwira ntchito ndi zochepa zojambula zomangamanga, Zener diode ingapereke malamulo okwanira a mphamvu nthawi zina ndi gawo limodzi.
Popeza kuti Zener diode imatha mphamvu zonse zowonjezera pamtunda wake, zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati losavuta kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zowonongeka pa zener diode.
Mwamwayi, Zeners nthawi zambiri amalephera kuthetsa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonongeka kwa magetsi pokhapokha pokhapokha mphamvu zogwira ntchito. Pogwiritsira ntchito mitundu ya Zener mwanjira iyi, ndi bwino kuchepetsa mphamvu yomwe ilipo yomwe ingathe kudutsa mwa Zener mwa njira yosankha kukana kwakukulu.