Anthu ambiri sazindikira, koma timadalira mauthenga a makina nthawi iliyonse yomwe timapita pa intaneti. Pa chirichonse kuchokera ku banki ndi kugula kuti mufufuze imelo, ife timakonda ma intaneti kuti tizitetezedwa bwino, ndipo kulembedwa kumathandiza kuti izi zitheke.
Kodi Kulemba Kwachinsinsi N'kutani?
Kulemba kwachinsinsi ndi njira yotchuka komanso yothandiza yotetezera deta. Njira yobisala imabisa deta kapena zomwe zili mu uthenga kotero kuti chidziwitso choyambirira chikhoza kubwezeretsedwa kupyolera mu ndondomeko yowonongeka . Kulemba ndi kutanthauzira mawu ndi njira zamakono zojambula - chidziwitso cha sayansi kumbuyo kwachinsinsi.
Zolemba zambiri zojambulidwa ndi zozizwitsa (zomwe zimatchedwa algorithms ) zilipo. Makamaka pa intaneti, zimakhala zovuta kusunga tsatanetsatane wazinthu zenizeni zenizeni. Ojambulajambula amadziwa izi ndikupanga malongosoledwe awo kuti agwire ntchito ngakhale ngati ndondomeko yawo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyera. Zambiri zowonjezera malemba zimakwaniritsa njira iyi yotetezera pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi .
Kodi Choyimitsa Chinsinsi N'chiyani?
Mu kachipangizo kakompyuta, fungulo ndikutalika kwazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba ndi kutanthauzira. Mwachitsanzo, zotsatirazi zikuyimira fodya 40-bit:
00001010 01101001 10011110 00011100 01010101
Makhalidwe ovomerezeka amatenga uthenga woyambirira wosasindikizidwa, ndi fungulo ngati ili pamwambapa, ndikusintha uthenga wapachiyambi pamasamba pogwiritsa ntchito makinawo kuti apange uthenga watsopano. Mofananamo, ndondomeko yowonongeka imatenga uthenga wobisika ndi kubwezeretsanso ku mawonekedwe ake apachiyambi pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi amodzi kapena angapo.
Makhalidwe ena a cryptographic amagwiritsira ntchito chiyilo chimodzi chophatikizira ndi kufotokoza. Mfungulo wotere uyenera kusungidwa; Apo ayi, aliyense amene amadziwa fungulo yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza uthenga angapereke chiyikodzinso pa njira yowonongeka kuti awerenge uthengawo.
Zosintha zina zimagwiritsa ntchito fungulo limodzi la kufotokozera ndi lachiwiri, fungulo losiyana la kufotokozera. Mfungulo wamakina angapitirize kukhala pagulu pakadali pano, popeza popanda kudziwa mauthenga ofunika osamveka sangathe kuwerengedwa. Maofesi otchuka otetezera pa intaneti amagwiritsira ntchito ichi chomwe chimatchedwa makiyi omasulira.
Kujambula Pamakina a Pakhomo
Ma Wi-Fi makanema apakhomo amapereka malamulo angapo otetezera kuphatikizapo WPA ndi WPA2 . Ngakhale kuti izi sizowonjezereka kwambiri zowonjezereka, zili zokwanira kuteteza malo osungirako malo awo kuti asamayendetseko ndi anthu akunja.
Onetsetsani kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa chikhomo chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzithunzi zapakhomo pakhomo pakhomo poyang'ana kasitomala yowonjezera (kapena njira ina ya makanema ).
Kujambula pa Intaneti
Mawindo atsopano a Webusaiti amagwiritsa ntchito protocol yotetezeka ya SSL (SSL) kuti athetse malonda otetezeka pa intaneti. SSL imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito fungulo lachidziwitso la kufotokozera ndi fungulo lapadera lachinsinsi. Mukawona chilembo cha HTTPS pa chingwe cha URL mu msakatuli wanu, zikuwonetsa SSL kufotokozera zikuchitika pamasewero.
Udindo wa Kutalika Kwambiri ndi Network Security
Chifukwa chakuti mawonekedwe onse a WPA / WPA2 ndi SSL amadalira kwambiri makiyi, chiyero chimodzi chofanana cha mphamvu ya kufalitsa mauthenga pamtundu wautali wambiri - chiwerengero cha zingwe mufungulo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito koyambirira kwa SSL muzisudzo za Netscape ndi Internet Explorer Web zaka zambiri zapitazo zinagwiritsa ntchito malemba 40-bit SSL. Kutsegulira koyamba kwa WEP kwa makompyuta kunyumba kunagwiritsa ntchito makina 40-bit encryption.
Mwamwayi, kusindikizidwa kwa-40-bit kunakhala kophweka kumvetsa kapena "kusokoneza" powalingalira chinsinsi chokonzekera choyenera. Njira yodziŵika bwino yojambula zithunzi yotchedwa brute-force decryption imagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta kukonzekera ndikuyesa yeniyeni iliyonse. Kujambula 2-bit, mwachitsanzo, kumaphatikizapo mfundo zinayi zofunikira zomwe mungaganizire:
00, 01, 10, ndi 11
Kujambula kwa 3-bit kumaphatikizapo mfundo zisanu ndi zitatu zomwe zingatheke, zolemba 4-bit zomwe zingatheke, ndi zina zotero. Kulankhulana mwa masamu, 2 n zikhalidwe zomwe zingatheke kuti zikhalepo pa fungulo la n-bit.
Ngakhale kuti 2 40 zingawoneke ngati nambala yochuluka kwambiri, sizili zovuta kuti makompyuta amakono asokoneze maubungwe ambiriwa nthawi yayifupi. Omwe amapanga mapulogalamu a chitetezo adadziwa kufunika koonjezera mphamvu yakuphatikizira ndikusamukira ku 128-bit ndi apamwamba zolembera zolembera zaka zambiri zapitazo.
Poyerekeza ndi kusindikiza kwa 40-bit, kufotokozera kwa 128-bit kumapatsa 88 zitsulo zina zazitali. Izi zimasulira 2 88 kapena kuchotsa
309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056
Zowonjezereka zowonjezera zomwe zimafunika kuti gulu lamphamvu lisawonongeke. Zina zogwiritsira ntchito pazipangizo zimapezeka pakufunika kutsekemera ndi kubwezeretsamo zamtundu wa mauthenga ndi makiyi awa, koma madalitso omwe amaposa mtengo.