Phunzirani Momwe Mipira Imagwiritsidwira Ntchito mu Photography Photography
Mitsuko imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa makompyuta kuti apereke zida zing'onozing'ono m'chinenero chimene munthu angathe kuchiwerenga. Mofanana ndi ma bits omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta yanu, amagwiritsa ntchito kujambula zithunzi kuti agwire chithunzi.
Kodi Ndi Zotani?
Mawu akuti "bit" ndi omwe amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina a kompyuta, kumene amaimira "chipangizo chojambulira", ndipo amatanthauza chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri. Lili ndi mtengo wa 0 kapena 1.
Mu kujambula kujambula, 0 imaperekedwa kwa wakuda ndi 1 kukhala woyera.
M'chilankhulo chabina (m'munsimu-2), "10" ali ofanana ndi 2 m'munsi-10, ndipo "101" ali ofanana ndi 5 muzomwe-10. (Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa kusinthira manambala a 2 -modzi kuti muyambe-10, pitani ku webusaiti ya unitconversion.org.)
Momwe Makhalidwe Ambiri Amalembera
Ogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu okonzekera digito, monga Adobe Photoshop, adzidziwa ndi mafano osiyana siyana. Chimodzi mwa zofala kwambiri ndi chithunzi cha 8-bit, chomwe chili ndi tani 256, kuyambira "00000000" (nambala ya 0 kapena yakuda) mpaka "11111111" (nambala ya 255 kapena yoyera).
Zindikirani kuti pali nambala 8 mu gawo lililonse. Izi ndi chifukwa ma bandi asanu ndi atatu amodzimodzi amodzimodzi ndi mayina amodzi amaimira 256 mayiko osiyanasiyana (kapena mitundu). Choncho, mwa kusintha kusakaniza kwa 1 ndi 0 mu chiwerengero chazing'ono, makompyuta angapange imodzi mwa mitundu 256 ya mtundu (2 ^ 8th mphamvu - '2' ikuchokera ku khodi lachiwiri la 1 ndi la 0).
Kumvetsetsa 8-bit, 24-bit, ndi 12- kapena 16-bit
Zithunzi za JPEG nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa mafano 24-bit. Izi zili choncho chifukwa fayiloyi imatha kusungira ma data 8 mumsewu uliwonse (RGB kapena wofiira, wobiriwira, ndi wabuluu).
Mitengo yapamwamba monga 12- kapena 16-bit imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu DSLRs ambiri kuti apange mitundu yambiri yambiri. Chithunzi cha 16-bit chingakhale ndi mbiri 65,653 zamitundu (mphamvu 2 ndi 16) ndipo chithunzi cha 12-bit chingakhale ndi magulu 4,096 (2 ^ 12th mphamvu)
DSLR amagwiritsa ntchito mauthenga ambiri pa kuima kowala kwambiri, komwe kumasiya maimbo ochepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuima kwamdima (komwe diso la munthu liri pamaso ake). Ngakhale fano 16-bit, mwachitsanzo, ingokhala ndi matani 16 kuti afotokoze mdima wakuda kwambiri mu chithunzicho. Sitima yabwino kwambiri, poyerekeza, idzakhala ndi ma tani 32,768!
Zindikirani Zokhudza Kusindikiza Zithunzi Zakuda ndi Zoyera
Makina osindikizira a inkjet amagwira ntchito 8-bit scale komanso. Mukasindikiza zithunzi zakuda ndi zoyera pa inkjet yanu, onetsetsani kuti musayigwiritse ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito inks yakuda (kusindikizira).
Imeneyi ndi njira yabwino yosungira inki mukasindikiza mauthenga, koma izi sizingapange chithunzi chabwino chosindikizidwa. Ndicho chifukwa chake ...
Wopanga makina ali ndi imodzi, mwina 2, cartridges wakuda wakuda ndi makatidiji a mitundu itatu (mu CMYK). Kompyutayo imapereka deta ya chithunzi kuti isindikizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu 256 ya mitundu.
Ngati tikanadalira makhadi a inkino okhawo kuti tigwiritse ntchito mtunduwu, tsatanetsatane wa chithunzicho chikanatayika ndipo ma gradients sangasindikizidwe molondola. Sizingathe kupanga mitundu 256 pogwiritsa ntchito cartridge imodzi.
Ngakhale kuti zithunzi zakuda ndi zoyera ndizosowa mtundu, zimadalira njira zabwino kwambiri za mtundu wa 8-bit kuti zikhale zojambula zosiyanasiyana, zakuda, zakuda ndi zoyera.
Kudalira njira za mtundu ndizofunikira kwa aliyense wojambula zithunzi kuti amvetse ngati akufuna zithunzi zadijito ndi mawonekedwe a zithunzi zakuda ndi zoyera zomwe zinapangidwa ndi filimu ndi pepala.