Nthawi zina anthu amatchula ma intaneti opanda waya monga "Wi-Fi" ngakhale pamene intaneti ikugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakina zamtundu wosagwirizana. Ngakhale zikhoza kuwoneka kuti zipangizo zamakono zonse zapadziko lapansi ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi yowonjezera maukonde monga Wi-Fi, ma intaneti lero akuthandiza machitidwe osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana m'malo mwake. Chifukwa: Palibe malamulo omwe alipo omwe amapereka njira yothetsera mitundu yonse yosiyanasiyana yopanda waya yomwe anthu akufuna. Zina zimapangidwira bwino kusunga betri pa zipangizo zamakono, pamene ena amapita mofulumira kapena kugwirizana kwambiri ndi kutalika kwake.
Zomwe zili pansipa zosasintha zamtunduwu zatsimikiziridwa kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito malonda ndi / kapena malonda.
LTE
Pamaso pa mafoni am'manja atsopano omwe amatha kutchedwa ma intaneti achinayi ("4G") opanda mafoni, mafoni amagwiritsira ntchito zida zogwiritsa ntchito makina okalamba omwe ali ndi maina monga HSDPA , GPRS , ndi EV-DO . Anthu ogulitsa mafoni ndi mafakitale apanga ndalama zambiri kuti apititse nsanja za cell ndi zina zotengera zogwiritsira ntchito makina othandizira 4G, kuwonetsera pulogalamu yothandizira yotchedwa Long Term Evolution (LTE) yomwe inapezeka ngati ntchito yotchuka kuyambira mu 2010.
Tekeni yamakono ya LTE inapangidwira kuti ziwongolere kwambiri zochepa za deta komanso zoyendetsa ndizitsulo zakale za foni. Ndondomekoyi ikhoza kunyamula zoposa 100 Mbps, ngakhale kuti bandwidth imagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka ma 10 Mbps kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa cha mtengo wapatali wa zipangizo, kuphatikizapo mavuto a boma, oyendetsa mafoni sadayambe kugwiritsa ntchito LTE m'malo ambiri. LTE siyeneranso kumalo osungirako kunyumba ndi malo ena, pokonzedwa kuti athandizire angapo makasitomala kudutsa kutali kwambiri (ndi ndalama zofanana). Zambiri "
Wifi
Wi-Fi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi makanema opanda waya monga momwe zilili zoyenera pa makanema a kunyumba ndi makanema ochezera anthu. Wi-Fi inayamba kutchuka kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za 1990, monga makina opangira ma PC, makina osindikizira, ndi zipangizo zina zogula zinthu zomwe zinkakhala zotsika mtengo ndipo ma data adathandizidwa kuti akhale ovomerezeka (kuyambira 11 Mbps mpaka 54 Mbps ndi pamwamba).
Ngakhale kuti Wi-Fi ikhoza kuthamanga maulendo ataliatali m'madera osamalidwa bwino, pulogalamuyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri kuti igwire ntchito m'nyumba zosagwira ntchito kapena zamalonda ndi madera akunja pamtunda woyenda pang'ono. Mawindo a Wi-Fi ndi otsika kwambiri kuposa ma protocol ena opanda waya. Zipangizo zamakono zimathandizira kwambiri Wi-Fi ndi LTE (kuphatikizapo mapulogalamu ena achikulire) kuti apatse ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha mosiyanasiyana m'magulu omwe angagwiritse ntchito.
Maofesi otetezeka a Wi-Fi Protected add protocol certification and data processing to Wi-Fi networks. Mwachindunji, WPA2 ikulimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa makina apanyumba pofuna kuteteza maphwando osaloledwa kuti alowe mumtunda kapena kulumikiza deta yomwe imatumizidwa mlengalenga.
bulutufi
Chimodzi mwa zitsulo zakale kwambiri zopanda waya zilipobe, Bluetooth inalengedwa m'ma 1990 kuti iyanjanitse data pakati pa mafoni ndi zipangizo zina zamagetsi. Bluetooth imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zomwe zimagwira ntchito kuposa Wi-Fi komanso ma protocol ena ambiri opanda waya. Mofananamo, kugwirizana kwa Bluetooth kumangogwira ntchito pafupipafupi, nthawi zambiri mamita 10 kapena kuposera ndipo kumathandizira kuchepetsa ma data, kawirikawiri 1-2 Mbps. Wi-Fi yasintha Bluetooth pa zipangizo zina zatsopano, koma mafoni ambiri lero akuthandizira zonsezi ma protocol. Zambiri "
Ma protocol 60 GHz - WirelessHD ndi WiGig
Chimodzi mwa ntchito zotchuka kwambiri pa makompyuta akukhamukira deta ya data, ndipo ma protocol angapo opanda waya omwe amayenda pa ma Gigahertz (GHz) maulendo amamangidwa kuti athandizire bwino izi ndi zina zomwe zimafuna kuchuluka kwa bandwidth. Zigawo ziwiri zosiyana zamagetsi zotchedwa WirelessHD ndi WiGig zinalengedwa m'ma 2000s pogwiritsira ntchito luso lamakono la 60 GHz kuti likhale lothandizira kwambiri lopanda mawonekedwe opanda waya: WiGig imapereka pakati pa 1 ndi 7 Gbps yawunduka pamene WirelessHD ikuthandiza pakati pa 10 ndi 28 Gbps.
Ngakhale kusonkhana koyambirira kungatheke pa ma Wi-Fi, mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a mavidiyo omwe amawunikira kwambiri amafuna kuti chiwerengero chapamwamba cha deta chikuperekedwe. Maseŵera okwera kwambiri a WirelessHD ndi WiGig poyerekeza ndi Wi-Fi (60 GHz kutsutsana ndi 2.4 kapena 5 GHz) amalepheretsa kwambiri kugwirizana, mwachidule kuposa Bluetooth, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala mkati mwa chipinda chimodzi (ngati 60 GHz zizindikiro sizilowetsa malinga ). Zambiri "
Zida Zopanda Pulogalamu Zamtundu Wopanda Zapanda - Z-Wave ndi Zigbee
Mitundu yambiri ya ma intaneti yakhala ikuthandizira kuthandizira machitidwe omwe amalola kuti magetsi aziyendetsa magetsi, zipangizo zam'madzi, ndi zipangizo zamagetsi. Mitundu iwiri yotchuka ya waya yopangira nyumba ndi Z-Wave ndi Zigbee . Pofuna kupeza mphamvu zochepa zowonjezera zogwiritsidwa ntchito panyumba, ma protocol ndi othandizira okhudzana ndi ma hardware okha ndizochepa - 0.25 Mbps Zigbee ndipo pafupifupi 0.01 Mbps Z-Wave. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero choterechi sichingakhale choyenera kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, matekinoloje awa amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi zipangizo zamagetsi zimene zili ndi zosavuta komanso zoyankhulirana zoyankhulana. Zambiri "