Asayansi Akuyang'ana ku Chilengedwe Kuthetsa Mavuto a Chitsulo
M'kupita kwa nthawi, mapangidwe apangidwe akhala akuyeretsedwa kwambiri; Zojambula kuchokera kalelo kawirikawiri zimawoneka zopanda pake komanso zopanda phindu kusiyana ndi za lero. Pamene chidziwitso chathuchi chimakhala chophweka, asayansi ndi opanga mapangidwe ayang'ana ku chilengedwe ndi kuchuluka kwake kowoneka bwino, zovuta kusintha kuti zitsogolere pakukonzanso chidziwitso chathu. Ntchito imeneyi ya chilengedwe monga kudzoza kwa sayansi yaumunthu imatchedwa Biomimetics, kapena Biomimicry. Nazi zitsanzo zisanu za matekinoloje omwe timagwiritsa ntchito masiku ano omwe athandizidwa ndi chilengedwe.
Velcro
Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zakale za wopanga pogwiritsa ntchito chirengedwe cha kudzoza kwa mankhwala ndi Velcro. Mu 1941, katswiri wa ku Swiss George de Mestral adawona mmene burrs adakhalira, atatha kupeza magulu amodzi omwe amapezeka kwa galu wake atayenda. Iye anawona zinyumba zazing'ono monga ngati pamwamba pa burr zomwe zinalolera kuti zidziphatika okha kwa odutsa. Pambuyo pokhala ndi zolakwika zambiri, de Mestral potsirizira pake adavomerezedwa ndi kapangidwe kamene kanasanduka nsapato yofiira kwambiri komanso yodzikongoletsera zovala. Velcro ndi chitsanzo cha biomimicry pamaso biomimicry ngakhale anali ndi dzina; kugwiritsa ntchito chirengedwe cha kudzoza kwadongosolo ndizochitika kwa nthawi yaitali.
Neural Networks
Mitundu ya Neural kawirikawiri imatchula mafanizo a kompyuta omwe amachititsa chidwi kuchokera ku maubwenzi a ubongo mu ubongo. Asayansi a zamakono amanga maukonde a neural mwa kupanga munthu aliyense wogulitsa ma unit, kuchita ntchito zoyambirira, kutsanzira zochita za neurons. Maukondewa amamangidwa ndi kugwirizana pakati pa ma unit unit, mofanana momwe neurons amagwirizanirana mu ubongo. Pogwiritsira ntchito chitsanzo ichi cha sayansi, asayansi akhala akutha kupanga mapulogalamu osinthika komanso osinthasintha, omwe amalumikizana m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti achite ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Zambiri mwa ntchito zamagetsi a neural akhala akuyesera mpaka pano, koma zotsatira zowonjezera zakhala zikukwaniritsidwa pa ntchito zomwe zimafuna mapulogalamu kuti aphunzire ndi kusintha, monga kuzindikira ndi kupeza mitundu ya khansa.
Kukonzekera
Pali zitsanzo zambiri za akatswiri ogwiritsa ntchito chirengedwe kuti azitsogoleredwa pa njira zoyendetsera bwino. Zitsanzo zambiri zoyambirira za anthu kuyesa kutsanzira mbalame zothamanga zinapindula pang'ono. Komabe zatsopano zatsopano zakhala zikupanga zojambula monga suti ya njoka, yomwe imalola kuti mitsinje yam'mwamba ndi mitsinje yam'munsi ikhale yodabwitsa kwambiri. Zomwe zaposachedwapa zakhala zikuwonetseratu kuti kuyenda bwino kwa ndege kumayenda bwino mwa kukonza mapulaneti mu mapangidwe a V omwe amatsanzira kusamuka kwa mbalame.
Kuthamanga kwa ndege siko kokha kopindula ndi biomimicry, akatswiri akugwiritsanso ntchito kayendedwe ka madzi mu chilengedwe monga kulongosola kulongosola. Kampani inayake yotchedwa BioPower Systems yakhazikitsa njira yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zam'madzi pogwiritsa ntchito nsomba zozizwitsa zomwe zimatsogoleredwa ndi nsomba zazikulu monga sharks ndi tuna.
Kuzungulira
Kusankha zachilengedwe kaŵirikaŵiri kumapanga malo okhala ndi zamoyo m'njira zosangalatsa zowonetsera momwe zimakhalira. Okonza atenga zojambulazi ndikupeza ntchito zatsopano kwa iwo. Zomera za Lotus zakhala zikupezeka kuti zimasinthidwa kwambiri ku chilengedwe. Masamba awo ali ndi zokutira zamadzimadzi, ndipo maluwawo amakhala ndi makina aakulu omwe amachititsa kuti dothi ndi fumbi zisamangidwe. Olemba mapulani ambiri akugwiritsa ntchito "kudziyeretsa" katundu wa lotus kuti apange zogulitsa. Kampani imodzi yagwiritsira ntchito zinthu izi kuti apange peyala ndi microscopically textured surface yomwe ingathandize kutulutsa dothi kuchokera kunja kwa nyumba.
Kusinthanitsa
Nanotechnology imatanthauzira kulenga ndi kulenga zinthu pamtundu wa atomiki kapena maselo. Monga anthu sagwiritsira ntchito masikelo awa, nthawi zambiri takhala tikuyang'ana ku chilengedwe kuti tipeze njira zowonjezera zinthu m'dziko lino laling'ono. Vuto la fodya (TMV) ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito ngati nyumba yomanga timapanga tomwe timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mavairasi ali ndi makina osungunuka ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuyeza mapaundi ambiri a pH ndi kutentha. Nanowires ndi nanotubes amamanga pa mapangidwe a kachilombo ka HIV angathe kukhala ngati njira zothandizira mankhwala omwe angathe kulimbana ndi zovuta kwambiri.