Mu bukhu ili, mudzaphunzira momwe mungatulutsire fayilo pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wa malamulo a Linux.
Nchifukwa chiyani inu mukufuna kuti muchite izi? Bwanji simungagwiritse ntchito osatsegula pa malo owonetsera?
Nthawi zina palibe malo owonetsera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukugwiritsira ntchito Raspberry PI yanu pogwiritsira ntchito SSH ndiye kuti mumakhala ndi mzere wotsogolera.
Chifukwa china chogwiritsira ntchito mzere wa lamulo ndikuti mungathe kupanga script ndi mndandanda wa mawindo omwe mungawatsatire. Mutha kuchitapo script ndi kuzisiya kumbuyo .
Chida chimene chidzawonetsedwa pa ntchitoyi chimatchedwa wget.
Kuyika kwa wget
Zambiri za kugawa kwa Linux zakhala zikuloledwa kale.
Ngati sichidaikidwa kale yesani limodzi mwa malamulo awa:
- Ubuntu, Debian, Mint etc - sudo apt-get install wget
- Fedora, CentOS ndi zina - yum kukhazikitsa wget
- kutsegula - zypper kukhazikitsa wget
Momwe Mungasinthire A File Kuchokera Lamulo Lamulo
Kuti mulowetse mafayilo, muyenera kudziwa kwambiri URL ya fayilo yomwe mukufuna kuisunga.
Mwachitsanzo, tangoganizani kuti mukufuna kulumikiza Ubuntu watsopano pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo la mzere. Mutha kuyendera webusaiti ya Ubuntu. Pogwiritsa ntchito webusaitiyi mukhoza kupita ku tsamba lino lomwe limapereka chiyanjano cholumikiza tsopano. Mukhoza kubwezeretsa pazitsulo izi kuti mupeze URL ya Ubuntu ISO yomwe mukufuna kuiwombola.
Koperani fayilo pogwiritsa ntchito mawu ofanana awa:
wonani http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04.3/ubuntu-14.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso?_ga=1.79650708.1078907269.1453803890
Zonsezi ndi zabwino komanso zabwino koma muyenera kudziwa njira yonse yomwe mukufunikira kuti muiikonde.
N'zotheka kumasula malo onse pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili:
wget -r http://www.ubuntu.com
Lamulo ili pamwambali limasungira malo onsewa kuphatikizapo mafoda onse a webusaiti ya Ubuntu. Izi sizingakonzedwe chifukwa zingatenge ma foni ambiri omwe simukusowa. Zili ngati kugwiritsa ntchito nkhono kuti mukhombe nut.
Komabe, mungathe kukopera mafayilo onse ndi intaneti ya ISO kuchokera ku webusaiti ya Ubuntu pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili:
wget -r -A "iso" http://www.ubuntu.com
Imeneyi ndi njira yowonjezera komanso yosungira ma fayilo omwe mukufunikira kuchokera pa webusaitiyi. Ndi bwino kudziwa URL kapena URL ya mafayilo omwe mukufuna kuwamasula.
Mungathe kufotokozera mndandanda wa mawindo omwe mungatenge pogwiritsa ntchito -iyikeni. Mungathe kulemba mndandanda wa ma URL omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito mndandanda walemba motere:
nano kumanda.txt
Mu fayilo lembani mndandanda wa ma URL, 1 pa mzere:
http://eskipaper.com/gaming-wallpapers-7.html#gal_post_67516_gaming-wallpapers-1.jpg
http://eskipaper.com/gaming-wallpapers-7.html#gal_post_67516_gaming-wallpapers-2.jpg
http://eskipaper.com/gaming-wallpapers-7.html#gal_post_67516_gaming-wallpapers-3.jpg
Sungani fayilo pogwiritsira ntchito CTRL ndi O ndipo kenako tulukani nano pogwiritsa ntchito CTRL ndi X.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafayilo onsewa pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili:
wget -i filestownload.txt
Vuto ndi kukopera mawindo kuchokera pa intaneti ndikuti nthawizina fayilo kapena URL sizimapezeke. Nthawi yothandizira kugwirizanitsa ikhoza kutenga nthawi ndipo ngati mukuyesera kumasula ma fayilo ambiri, zimakhala zovuta kuti mudikire nthawi yosasintha.
Mukhoza kufotokoza nthawi yanu yopuma pogwiritsa ntchito syntax yotsatira:
chotsani -T 5 -i filestodownload.txt
Ngati muli ndi malire okulandila ngati gawo lachitetezo chanu cha broadband ndiye kuti mungafune kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe mungapeze.
Gwiritsani ntchito mawu omasulira otsatirawa kugwiritsa ntchito malire ofunikira:
Werenganinso = 100m -i filestodownload.txt
Lamulo ili pamwambali lidzasiya kulandidwa kwa mafayilo kamodzi kamodzi kokwana ma megabyte. Mukhozanso kufotokozera chiwerengero cha byte (gwiritsani ntchito b m'malo m) kapena kilobytes (gwiritsani ntchito k m'malo mwa m).
Mukutheka mulibe malire okulandila koma mungakhale ndi pang'onopang'ono intaneti. Ngati mukufuna kutulutsa mawindo popanda kuwononga intaneti ya aliyense ndiye mukhoza kufotokoza malire omwe amatha mlingo wapamwamba wokulitsa.
Mwachitsanzo:
wget --limita-rate = 20k -i filestodownload.txt
Lamulo ili pamwambalo lizitha kuchepetsa mlingo woyikira pa makilogalamu 20 pamphindi. Mukhoza kufotokoza ndalamazo mwa bytes, kilobytes kapena megabytes.
Ngati mukufuna kutsimikiza kuti mafayilo omwe alipo sanalembedwepo mungathe kuchita izi:
wget -nc -i filestownload.txt
Ngati fayilo m'ndandanda wa zizindikiro zamakono zilipo kale kumalo okulandila ndiye sizidzalembedweratu.
Intaneti monga momwe tikudziwira sikuli yogwirizana ndipo chifukwa chake, kukopera kungatheke pang'ono ndipo kenako intaneti yanu imatuluka.
Kodi sikungakhale bwino ngati mutangopitiriza kumene mwasiya? Mukhoza kupitiriza kupopera pogwiritsa ntchito mawu omasulira awa:
wget -c
Chidule
Lamulo wget liri ndi kusintha kosintha komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Gwiritsani ntchito lamulo la munthu kuti mupeze mndandanda wawo wonse mkati mwazenera.