Mbiri, Chisinthiko ndi Tsogolo la Ma Bookmarks

by Jerri Collins

Mwachidule

Ma Bookmarks, mu computer terminology ali ofanana ndi anzawo enieni. Mofanana ndi bokosi lomwe laikidwa mu bukhu limakulozerani kuti mubwererenso komwe mwasiya, momwemonso amabukubwere amakulozerani kumasamba ena enieni kapena mu malo enaake a mapulogalamu.

Patapita nthawi, zizindikiro zimapita ndi maina osiyanasiyana m'masakatulo ndi mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana, ndipo zakhala zikupereka othandizira zambiri-ndi mutu. Pamapeto pake, zimakuthandizani kuti muzindikire masamba omwe mukufuna kuti mubwererenso pakapita nthawi, osakhala ndi nkhalango yotseguka pa osatsegula.

Kusinthika kwa Ma Bookmarks

Zomangamanga zinapangidwa kuchokera patsogolo pa Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse. Mu 1989, Craig Cockburn adalemba pulojekiti yowonetsera makanema otchedwa "PageLink" omwe angagwirizane ndi zomwe timaganiza tsopano monga e-book reader komanso osatsegula-amadzaza ndi zizindikiro.

Cockburn anafunsira patent mu April wa 1990, koma sanakhazikitsidwepo. (Cockburn watumiza chilolezo chake pa intaneti apa).

Ma Bookmarks monga tikuwadziwira lero akuwonekera koyamba mu 1993, monga gawo la osatsegula Mosaic 1.0. Mosaic ankawona anthu onse ogwiritsira ntchito intaneti akuyendera, ndi maulendo achikuda mosiyana ngati zinkatsogolera ogwiritsa ntchito tsamba omwe analipo kale. Cholinga chotsitsira mndandanda wa "zizindikiro" mwachiwonekere chikukambidwa kale, monga momwe zikuwonetsedwera kuchokera ku malemba a World Wide Web Founder Tim Berners-Lee za zolemba za Mosaic mu May, 1993, ya "World Wide Web News" yake:

Mndandanda wamakalata, wotchedwa "hotlist", umasungidwa pakati pa magawo ngati mndandanda wapadera wa malo ochititsa chidwi. Mukhoza kuwonjezera mafotokozedwe anu pa chilemba chilichonse, chomwe chidzawonekera nthawi iliyonse (koma inu nokha) werengani ... Marc Andreesen, wolemba, wachita ntchito yabwino kuno.

Ma browser ena oyambirira, monga ViolaWWW ndi Celio, ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana zolemba. Koma chinali kupasuka kwa Mosaic mu kutchuka komwe kunathandiza kutsimikizira kuti zizindikiro zamagetsi zidzakhala zofunikira kwambiri pazamasamba otsogolera. Andreesen adawaphatikizira mu msakatuli wotsatira, Netscape Navigator. Kwa zaka zambiri, ndi zolemba zosiyana, ma Bookmarks adachokera ndi mayina ena kupatulapo "HotList," monga "Favorites" ndi "Mafupikitsidwe," koma kuikapo zizindikiro kwakhala nthawi yeniyeni ya ntchitoyi.

Zina zilizonse, zolemba zamakono lero zingapezeke mwachindunji ndi mosavuta pa osatsegula akuluakulu onse: Explorer, Safari, Chrome, ndi Firefox.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti oyambitsa osatsegulira akupitirizabe kusintha ndikuyesera kukonza makasitomala awo okha, kuti azikangana ndi okondedwa awo.

Masakatuli ena amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga ma bookmarks angapo kuti athe kutsegulidwa mwakamodzi, ndi lamulo limodzi; zimathandiza othandiza omwe akudziwa kuti akufuna kuyamba magawo awo ndi gulu lomwelo la masamba lotseguka nthawi zonse.

Mu 2004, Firefox inayambitsa "Live Bookmarking," yomwe inalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga malingaliro omwe angapangitse, mwachangu, pogwiritsa ntchito RSS.

Ndiponso sizimakalata zomwe zili padera la osatsegula. Mapulogalamu ambiri amapereka bukhu la malemba mkati mwa mapulogalamu awo, makamaka owerenga mabuku.

Pamene kutchuka ndi mphamvu za mafoni apamwamba zinakulirakulira-ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ambiri adapeza kuti akugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zambiri pakati pa nthawi yawo kuntchito, panyumba ndi pamsewu -masayiti anayamba kupatsa zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito angathe kuthandizira mosasamala kanthu za chipangizo chomwe adagwiritsa ntchito Lowani muakaunti.

Gawo lotsatira lachilengedwe linali lothandizira osiyana kuti agwiritse ntchito ndi kuyanjana ndi zizindikiro. Zokoma, zakhazikitsidwa mu 2003, zathandiza kufalitsa mawu akuti "social bookmarking" ndi "kuyika" kutanthauzira zoyanjana.

Mu 2005, Google adatulutsira Google Bookmarks-kuti asasokonezedwe ndi zizindikiro zosatsegula-zomwe sizinangopereka chizindikiro chokhazikitsira, koma analoleza ogwiritsa ntchito kufufuza masamba omwe adawaika.

Monga momwe zilili pa intaneti, mafunso okhudza zachinsinsi ndi umwini wa zidziwitso za bookmarking satha kuthetsedwa. Pakali pano, eni malo osungirako ziwembu ndi zolemba zawo angathe kusonkhanitsa, kugawana ndi kugulitsa deta zomwe zomwe akugwiritsa ntchito akugulitsa ndi kugawana nawo otsatsa, ogulitsa, mapulogalamu a ndale ndi wina aliyense amene akufuna kufufuza zambiri.

Mitundu yama Bookmarks

Kuphatikiza pa kusiyana kwa zizindikiro zomwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa-bookmarking yokhudzana ndi anthu, zosungira zolemba zosatsegula, zolemba zolemba, ndi zolemba ma webusaiti - pali kusiyana kosiyana komwe sikungatheke kuonekera kwa ambiri omwe ali ndi makompyuta.

Mwachindunji, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe makompyuta amatha kusungira ndi kusunga zomwe zimapanga zizindikiro za ogwiritsira ntchito.

Zikhoza kusungidwa mu fayilo ya HTML, kawirikawiri ma bookmarks.html. Zimabuku zina zosungirako zosungirako zosungirako. Ena amasunga chizindikiro chilichonse monga fayilo yake.

Njira iliyonseyi ili ndi ubwino wake komanso ubwino wake pazomwe akugwiritsa ntchito mauthenga awo.

Tsogolo la Ma Bookmarks

Malinga ndi zizindikiro zomwe zabwera kuchokera pachilengedwe chawo kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90, pali malo osintha. (Mungapeze madandaulo abwino apa.)

Chifukwa chimodzi, chifukwa cha zokopa zamalonda, opanga osatsegula akupitirizabe kutsegula makalata awo otchulidwa ndi malo omwe angakhale opanda chidwi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito awo. Pachifukwachi-komanso chifukwa cha zofuna za eni eni-pamene opanga osakatulila apindula pazowonongeka pokhudzana ndi kusuntha ndi kusinthasintha zizindikiro zanu kuchokera pa chipangizo kupita ku chipangizo, palibe zambiri zomwe muyenera kuzichita posunga zizindikiro zanu kuchokera pa osatsegula wina.

Kuphatikiza apo, maina omwe amapangidwa mwachangu kwa zizindikiro zimakhala zosafunidwa-kubwera, monga momwe amachitira, kuchokera ku tsamba la webusaiti yomwe imapangidwa makamaka kuti ipereke zofufuzira zapadera, kusiyana ndi kufotokozera momveka bwino, zosavuta kuwerenga mutu wa tsamba.

Chomaliza, vuto lalikulu ndi zolemba zizindikiro ndilolumikizidwa muzinthu zonse zamakumbukiro-monga momwe chidziwitso chikukwera, ndi kovuta kupeza ndi kupeza zomwe mukufuna. Pachifukwachi, ena asonyeza kuti ntchito zamabukuka zingakhale zokhazokha pofuna kufufuza ndi kuchotsa zizindikiro zakufa, kapena kukonza zikwangwani ndifupipafupi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.