Kubadwa kwa Wopanda Zopanda Pakhomo Pakompyuta
Sizinali kale kwambiri kuti makompyuta anali apamwamba m'malo mofunikira. Ndi mwayi ndi olemera okha omwe anali nawo amodzi m'nyumba zawo ndipo maukonde anali chinachake chosungidwira makampani akuluakulu.
Mofulumira zaka khumi kapena zinayi ndipo aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi kompyuta yake. Pali mmodzi wa makolo (nthawi zina awiri ngati makolo sangathe kugawira zabwino) ndi chimodzi kapena zambiri zomwe ana angagwiritse ntchito kuntchito ndi masewera. Ogwiritsira ntchito panyumba achoka pa intaneti mpaka 9600 kbps kulumikiza intaneti pafupipafupi 56 kbps kulumikiza kwazomwe akulowetsa ndikusunthira ku mauthenga a bandeti kuti azitsutsana kapena akugwirizana ndi mautumiki a T1 omwe amasangalala nawo kuntchito.
Pamene intaneti ndi Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse zaphulika mu chikhalidwe chathu ndipo zikutsitsa mafano ena kuti anthu apeze nkhani, nyengo, masewera, maphikidwe, mapepala achikasu ndi zinthu zina milioni, kulimbana kwatsopano sikuli kokha pa kompyuta kunyumba, koma kwa nthawi pa intaneti.
Ma hardware ndi ogulitsa mapulogalamu a pulogalamu akubwera ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kugawana nawo intaneti limodzi pakati pa makompyuta awiri kapena kuposa. Onsewa ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana ngakhale kuti makompyuta ayenera kukhala ndi intaneti.
Kugwirizanitsa makompyuta anu pamodzi mwachizoloŵezi kumakhudza kukhala ndi kayendedwe kena kamene kakuyenda pakati pawo. Zingakhale foni ya foni, chingwe cha coaxial kapena chingwe chotchuka cha CAT5. Zatsopano zam'mbuyo zakhala zikudziwika kuti ngakhale amalola makompyuta omanga makompyuta pamsewu wodula magetsi. Koma, imodzi mwa njira zosavuta komanso zosavuta kugwiritsira makompyuta kunyumba kwanu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakina opanda waya.
Ndikumangika bwino. Kuyankhulana kwa intaneti kumabwera kuchokera kwa wothandizira wanu ndipo kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi malo opanda pakompyuta kapena router yomwe imafalitsa chizindikiro. Mumagwirizanitsa makadi a makina osayendetsa opanda makina anu makompyuta anu kuti mulandire chizindikiro chimenecho ndikuyankhulanso kuntchito yopanda waya ndipo muli bizinesi.
Vuto lokhala ndi chiwonetsero chachisonyezo ngakhale kuti ndi kovuta kukhalapo pamene chizindikirocho chikhoza kuyenda. Ngati angatenge kuchokera ku chipinda chapamwamba kupita ku ofesi yanu m'chipinda chapansi, ndiye kuti ikhoza kuyenda mamita 100 ku malo oyandikana nawo. Kapena, wosafunafunafuna malumikizowo osagwiritsidwa ntchito opanda zingwe angalowe m'machitidwe anu kuchokera ku galimoto atayima pamsewu.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti musagwiritse ntchito makina opanda waya. Muyenera kukhala anzeru za izo ndikutsata zofunikira zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwa ofunafuna chidwi kuti alowe muzomwe mukudziwiratu. Gawo lotsatira liri ndi njira zosavuta zomwe mungatenge kuti muteteze makina anu opanda waya.
- Sinthani Chizindikiro Chadongosolo : Zida zimabwera ndi ID yachinsinsi yomwe imatchedwa SSID (Service Set Identifier Identifier) kapena ESSID (Extended Service Set Identifier Identifier). Ndi zophweka kwa wowononga kuti azindikire chomwe chizindikiro chosasinthika chiri kwa aliyense wopanga zipangizo zopanda zingwe kotero kuti muzisintha izi ku chinthu chinanso. Gwiritsani ntchito chinthu chapadera-osati dzina lanu kapena chinachake chophweka.
- Khutsani Chidziwitso Chodziwika: Kukulengeza kuti muli ndi mauthenga opanda waya kwa dziko lapansi ndiitanidwe kwa osokoneza. Mukudziwa kale kuti muli ndi imodzi kotero simukufunikira kufalitsa. Fufuzani buku la hardware yanu ndikudziwe momwe mungaletsere kulengeza.
- Thandizani Kujambula: WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) ndi WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) zilembereni deta yanu kuti wolandirayo yekha ayenere kuziwerenga. WEP ali ndi mabowo ambiri ndipo amasweka mosavuta. Makina 128-bit akugwira ntchito pang'ono popanda kuwonjezeka kwakukulu mu chitetezo kotero 40-bit (kapena 64-bit pa zida zina) kufotokozera ndi chimodzimodzi. Monga ndi njira zonse zopezera chitetezero pali njira zozungulira izo, koma pogwiritsira ntchito zilembozi mumakhala osokoneza ochotsa machitidwe anu. Ngati n'kotheka, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito WPA encryption (zambiri zipangizo zamakono zingasinthidwe kukhala WPA zoyenera). WPA imapanga zofooka za WEP koma zimayang'aniridwa ndi DOS (kukana-kutumikira).
- Pezani Magalimoto Osayenera: Ambiri opangidwa ndi wired ndi opanda waya amanga zozizira . Siziwotchera kwambiri pamoto, koma zimathandiza kulenga mzere umodzi wa chitetezo. Werengani buku la hardware yanu ndipo phunzirani momwe mungagwirire router yanu kuti mulole kuloŵetsa kapena kutuluka kwa magalimoto omwe mumavomereza.
- Sinthani Chinsinsi Chachidindo Chakulamulira: Izi ndizo zabwino zokhazokha ZINTHU zonse zakuthupi ndi mapulogalamu. Mauthenga osasinthika amapezeka mosavuta ndipo chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri savutikira kutenga njira yosavuta yowasinthira iwo nthawi zambiri amanyansi amayamba poyamba. Onetsetsani kuti mutasintha mawu osasinthika pa tsamba lanu lopanda mauthenga / malo othawirapo chinachake chimene sichikudziwika mosavuta ngati dzina lanu lomaliza.
- Patch and Protect PCs: Monga njira yomaliza yotetezera muyenera kukhala ndi kompyuta yanu yotchedwa firewall software monga software Alarm Pro ndi anti-virus yomwe imayikidwa pa kompyuta yanu. Zofunikira monga kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu odana ndi mavairasi, muyenera kuziyika mpaka pano. Mavairasi atsopano amapezedwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi odana ndi kachilombo ogulitsa mapulogalamu ambiri amatulutsa zosintha kamodzi pa sabata. Muyeneranso kusunga nthawi ndi zizindikiro zosavuta kudziwika. Kwa machitidwe a Microsoft mungagwiritse ntchito Windows Update kuti muyesere ndikuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi zida zamakono.