Pambuyo pa Braille, palibe chiyambi chapangitsa kuti anthu osaona ndi owonetseredwa awone bwino ngati njira zamakono zomwe zimapangitsa makompyuta ndi intaneti kupezeka. Zipangizo zamakono zamakono zathandizanso anthu akhungu kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi mwayi wopita patsogolo.
Kuti pakhale malo okongola kwambiri omwe amawonekera kwa omwe sangathe kuwona mawonekedwe a makompyuta, sayansi yothandizira iyenera kuchita zinthu ziwiri:
- Lolani ogwiritsa ntchito kuwerenga zonse zowonjezera, kaya maimelo, zigawo za spreadsheet, toolbars zothandizira, kapena zojambulajambula zithunzi
- Perekani njira zogwiritsa ntchito makina ndi kompyuta, kutseguka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu, ndi kuyang'ana pa intaneti.
Makanema awiri omwe amachititsa kuti izi zitheke ndizowunikira pulogalamu-ndi mapulogalamu a mapulojekiti okulitsa.
Sulogalamu ya Kufikira Screen
Owerenga pawuni amayankhula makompyuta kupyolera mu mapulogalamu omwe amapanga mawu olembedwa ndi makanema ku mawu omveka bwino a anthu omwe mungamve pa ma foni ndi ma voicemail.
Pulogalamu yotchuka kwambiri yofikira pazenera ndi JAWS ya Windows, yotengedwa ndi Freedom Scientific, yomwe imagwirizira ntchito zonse za Microsoft ndi IBM Lotus Symphony.
JAWS imawerenga mokweza zomwe zili pawindo, kuyambira ndi maulamuliro, ndikupatsani zofunikira zofanana ndi makoswe ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu, kuyenda maofesi awo, kuwerenga malemba, ndi kufufuza intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito makina awo.
Mwachitsanzo, m'malo mojambula kawiri pazithunzi za osatsegula, munthu wakhungu akhoza kupitiliza motsatira:
- Zowonjezera "Mawindo" kuti mufike kumayambiriro
- "P" kuti athe kupeza pulogalamu yawo
- "Ine" pazinthu zonse ndikuyambitsa ndi "Ine"
- "Mtsinje Wakutsogolo" kuti upange mndandanda
- "Lowani" kamodzi akamva "Internet Explorer."
Zimamveka zovuta, koma owerenga masewerawa amayenda mofulumira popereka mafupi ndi omveka. Mwachitsanzo, makiyiwo amathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito mofulumira kudutsa pazithunzi zadesi kapena zigawo za pa tsamba. Kuika Inser + F7 kumasonyeza mndandanda wa maulumikizi onse pa tsambali. Pa Google, kapena pamalo aliwonse okhala ndi mawonekedwe, JAWS amawoneka kuti akuwonetsa chithunzithunzi chiri mubokosi lofufuzira kapena apita ku gawo lotsatira.
Kuwonjezera pa kutembenuza malemba, palinso ntchito yofunika kwambiri JAWS ndi mapulogalamu ofanana omwe amapereka ndizochokera ku braille. Ntchitoyi imapangitsa owerenga a Braille kuti awone zolemba zowonetsera ma Braille kapena kuwatsitsa pazipangizo zotchuka monga BrailleNote.
Kujambula kwakukulu ndi owerenga masewero ndi mtengo. A American Foundation for Blind akulemba kuti mtengo ukhoza kufika pa $ 1,200. Komabe, wina akhoza kumasula pulogalamu yaulere ya Windows, kapena kugula njira yothetsera PC yonse monga CDesk.
Serotek imapereka Njira Yopita Kuyenda, yomasuka, wokhala pa webusaiti ya wowerenga pawindo. Pambuyo kulenga akaunti, ogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kupanga kompyuta iliyonse yogwirizana ndi intaneti kudzera mwa kungowalowetsamo ndi kukakamiza kulowa.
Ndondomeko Yowonetsa Magetsi
Mapulogalamu okulitsa pazithunzi amathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta omwe ali osayenerera kuti awone kapena afotokoze zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pawunika lawo. M'mapulogalamu ambiri, ogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kufufuza ndi kutuluka ndi lamulo lachibokosi kapena flick ya galimoto.
Wolemba ZoomText wa HumanWare, chimodzi mwa zinthu zotchuka kwambiri, akukweza zowonekera kuchokera pa 1x mpaka 36x pamene akusunga chithunzi cha umphumphu. Ogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kufufuza ndi kutuluka nthawi iliyonse ndi kutembenuka kwa gudumu la mbewa.
Kuti mupitirize kumvetsetsa bwino, ZoomText imapereka malamulo kuti ogwiritsa ntchito athe kusintha:
- Mtundu, kusiyana, ndi kuwala
- Tsamba lakuda ndi malo
- Kukula kwa pointer yomwe imatayika nthawi zambiri.
Ogwiritsa ntchito ZoomText akukhumba kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu awiri otseguka panthawi imodzimodzi akhoza kulitsa mbali za chinsalu potsegula chimodzi mwa asanu ndi atatu "Zoom" mawindo. Malo owonetserako ocheperako akhoza kupitsidwanso pazowona ziwiri zoyandikana.
Kuchuluka kwa masomphenya kumasowa nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa munthu wakhungu. Anthu omwe alibe masomphenya kapena osawerengeka amawagwiritsa ntchito owerenga masewero. Amene ali ndi masomphenya oyenera kuwerenga amasindikiza mapulogalamu.
Apple Ikulumikiza Kulankhula ndi Kukulitsa
Posachedwapa, makina onse opangira makompyuta omwe anali akhungu anali apakompyuta. Osatinso.
Apple yakhazikitsa kuwerenga ndi kuwunika mu Mac OS X yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu iPad, iPhone, ndi iPod . Wowerenga masewero amatchedwa VoiceOver; pulogalamu yowonjezera imatchedwa Zoom.
Wowonjezera Mawu 3 akuphatikizapo manja oyenera omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito popita mawindo osiyanasiyana, menus, ndi mapulogalamu. Ikhoza kuphatikizanso mawonedwe oposa 40 omwe amawonekera pa Bluetooth.
Kujambula kumayambitsidwa pogwiritsira ntchito makanema, makatani, ndi phokoso kapena trackpad ndipo amatha kukweza malemba, mafilimu, ndi mafilimu oyenda maulendo 40 popanda kuthetsa.
Kufunika Kophunzitsidwa
Ziribe kanthu kaya ndi luso lotani limene munthu amasankha, munthu wakhungu sangathe kungogula makompyuta ndi wowerenga pulogalamuyo ndikuyembekeza kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino popanda maphunziro. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha malamulo mkati mwa JAWS ndilo chinenero chatsopano. Mukhoza kudziwa zinthu zingapo koma mwina simungathe kufika pazomwe mukufuna. Zophunzitsa maphunziro zimaphatikizapo:
- Webinars pa malo opanga zinthu ndi mabungwe monga Hadley School for the Blind
- Zipangizo zophunzitsira zopezeka pamakampani monga Handy Tech North America ku Columbia Heights, Minnesota
- Mapulogalamu apambuyo poyang'anira ntchito yothandizira anthu ntchito kapena chipatala
- Ophunzitsa mafoni ndi olankhulana ndi akatswiri monga Roger Cusson wa Seeing Hands Enterprises, Lewiston, Maine
- Maphunziro apitiliziro apanyumba ndi magulu ogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta.
Maphunziro ndi mitengo ya mankhwala zimasiyana. Mmodzi ayenera kulankhulana ndi mabungwe a boma, kuphatikizapo kukonzanso ntchito, makomiti a anthu akhungu, ndi madipatimenti apadera a maphunziro kuti afufuze zipangizo zamakono zopangira ndalama.