Maofesi Odziwika Oteteza Maofesi A Linux
Maofesi opanga UNIX amasunga zomwe zimatchedwa fayilo zamtundu pa / etc / misonkhano. Ikusunga zambiri zokhudza ntchito zambiri zomwe makasitomala angagwiritse ntchito pa kompyuta. Mu fayilo ndi dzina la utumiki, nambala yachithunzi ndi protocol yomwe imagwiritsira ntchito, ndi zowonjezera zogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nambala za phukusi zimapangidwira kuzinthu zina zowonjezera monga maofesi apamwamba pa ma PC makompyuta mapu a dzina la eni ake ku adilesi ya IP . Komabe, fayilo ya UNIX yogwiritsira ntchito mauthenga sakuphatikiza ma adresse a IP koma mmalo mwake ngati ngati ntchitoyo ndi TCP kapena UDP ndi mayina omwe angakhale nawo.
Chosavuta cholemba mndandanda chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha / etc / services file, monga Vim kapena Kate.
Chitsanzo cha Fichilo Zazinthu za UNIX
Pa UNIX, udindo waukulu wa fayilo yosungirako / etc / misonkhano ndikuti mapulogalamu angathe kupanga doportbyname () zowonjezera kuitanitsa ma code awo kuti amvetsetse chipika chomwe ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, daemon ya POP3 ya maimelo ingapangitse getportbyname (POP3) kuti itenge nambala 110 yomwe POP3 ikupitirira.
Lingaliro ndiloti ngati ma daemoni onse a POP3 amagwiritsira ntchito getportbyname (), ndiye ziribe kanthu zomwe POP3 daemon ikuyendetsa, mungathe kuyanjananso nambala yake yamtundu ndi kusintha / etc / misonkhano.
Zindikirani: Ndizosadalirika kugwiritsa ntchito fayilo yapadera kuti muwone kuti nambala yamatope ikutanthauza chiyani. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zomwe mapulogalamu akugwiritsira ntchito, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyi kuti mudziwe bwinobwino kuti ndi mapepala ati. Ngati kuthamanga kulibe koyenera, ndiye kuti muyenera kufufuza ma dokowo mobwerezabwereza.
Maofesi onse ogwira ntchito amatsatira mawu ofanana a:
dzina port / protocol aliases ndemangaKomabe, zizindikiro ndi ndemanga zowonjezera mndandanda wazamasamba sizili zofunikira, monga momwe mukuonera mu fayilo ya machitidwe awa:
$ cat / etc / services # # Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Ufulu wonse umasungidwa. Ntchito # imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malamulo amtundu. Huduma # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 11 / tcp tsiku lililonse 13 / tcp tsiku 13 / tpp tape 19 / tcp tapepo 19 / tpp tapepo tpp 20 / tcp ftp 21 / tcp ssh 22 / tcp # Otetezeka Tchep telnet 23 / tcp smtp 25 / tcp mail time 37 / tcp timativer timativer 42 / timp timativer timativer 42 / timp timativer timativer 42 / timp timativer timativer 42 / timp timativer timativer 42 / timp timativer timativer / udp chithunzithunzi # # SMA snmp daemon $