Momwe deta yanu imasungira payekha pa intaneti
Zakale zapitazo, mawu monga kumapeto kwa mapeto angakhale a geek okha ndipo sangathe kukhala pa lirime la anthu omwe akukhalapo. Ambiri a ife sitingakhumudwe kufuna kudziwa za izo ndikuzifufuza pa intaneti. Masiku ano, kufotokoza kwa mapeto kumapeto ndi gawo la moyo wanu wamagetsi tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndicho chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri chomwe chimatetezera deta yanu yosasamala komanso yachinsinsi pa intaneti, monga nambala yanu ya khadi la ngongole panthawi yogulitsa, kapena foni yanu yomwe ikuloledwa.
Tsopano pokhala ndi nkhaŵa za padziko lonse zokhudzana ndi zachinsinsi za anthu, osokoneza akuyendetsa ponseponse, ndipo maboma akuyesa kuyankhulana kwaokha, kuitana kwa intaneti, VoIP ndi mapulogalamu a mauthenga omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu otsiriza. Zinakhala zoyankhulidwa pamene Whatsapp ikubweretsa kwa oposa oposa bilioni; mutatha kutsogolo ndi mapulogalamu monga Threema ndi Telegram, pakati pa ena. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona kuti kumapeto kotsiriza ndikutani, momwe kumagwirira ntchito mwachidule komanso zomwe zikukuchitirani.
Kutchulidwa Kwachinsinsi
Asanafike ku gawo la 'kumapeto-kwatha,' tiyeni tiwone choyamba chimene chimalembera kale. Kulimbana ndi chitetezo cha deta ndichinsinsi pa intaneti ndi nkhondo yomwe imamenyedwa pambali zambiri, koma pamapeto pake, imathamangira izi: nthawi iliyonse mukatumiza deta yanu pa kompyuta kapena seva ina pa intaneti, yomwe mumachita nthawi zambiri patsiku , ili ngati mayi wofiira akuyenda naye kumtumiza kwa agogo ake aang'ono kumbali ina ya nkhalango. Mitengo imeneyi, yomwe iyenera kuwoloka yokha popanda chitetezo, ili ndi mimbulu ndi zoopsa zina zoopsa kwambiri kuposa mmbulu wa nkhani ya bedi.
Mutatumiza ma phukusi a mawu anu, kucheza, imelo kapena nambala ya ngongole pamtunda wa intaneti, simungathe kulamulira omwe akuika manja awo pa iwo. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha intaneti. Ichi ndi chomwe chimapangitsa zinthu zambiri kuti ziziyenda paulere, kuphatikizapo Voice over IP , yomwe imakupatsani maulendo aulere. Deta yanu ndi ma voti amatha kudutsa ma seva ambiri osadziwika, ma routers, ndi zipangizo zomwe owononga aliyense, mbale wamkulu kapena wothandizira boma angathe kuwatsata. Kodi mungateteze bwanji deta yanu? Lowetsani zolembera, njira yotsiriza.
Kujambula zizindikiro kumaphatikizapo kutembenuza deta yanu mu fomu yolongosoledwa kotero kuti n'kosatheka kuti phwando lirilonse limulande kuti liwerenge, kumvetsetsa ndi kulipanga lingaliro lokha, kupatula wolandira amene akufunira. Pamene lifika kwa wolandira woyenera, deta yolongosoledwa imasinthidwa ku mawonekedwe ake oyambirira ndipo imakhala yomveka bwino komanso yomveka bwino. Njira yotsirizayi imatchedwa kubwereza.
Tiyeni titsilize glossary. Deta yosatchulidwa imatchedwa kuti plain text; Deta yamtunduwu imatchedwa cyphertext; makina opanga makompyuta kapena chophimba chimene chimayenda pa deta kuti chiyimire icho chimatchedwa kusinthika kovomerezeka - pulogalamu yomwe imagwira ntchito pa data kuti iwonongeke. Mfungulo wamakina akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ndondomeko yowonongeka kuti phokoso likhale loyenera kuti pakhale chofunikira ndi pulogalamu yolumikiza deta. Potero, phwando lokha lomwe liri ndi fungulo lingathe kupeza deta yapachiyambi. Onani kuti fungulo ndi nambala yochuluka kwambiri yomwe simukuyenera kukumbukira kapena kusamala, monga mapulogalamu amachitira zonse.
Kusindikiza , kapena monga kudziwika kale zaka za digito, cryptography, wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zikwi zisanafike nthawi yathu. Aigupto akale ankakonda kupondereza malemba awo kuti ateteze anthu apansi kumvetsetsa zinthu. Kusindikizidwa kwamakono ndi sayansi kunabwera m'zaka zapakati ndi mzere wa masamu wachiarabu Al-Kindi yemwe analemba buku loyamba pa phunziroli. Zinakhala zovuta kwambiri ndipo zinapita patsogolo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko lonse ndi makina a Enigma ndipo zathandiza kwambiri kugonjetsa chipani cha Nazi nthawi zambiri.
Tsopano, mapulogalamu oyambirira ndi maulendo omwe adabwera ndi mapepala oyimitsa mapeto amachokera ku Germany, komwe anthu amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zachinsinsi zawo. Zitsanzo ndi Telegalamu ndi Threema. Kwenikweni, izi zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi kukhumudwa kwa mafoni a Chancellor a Merkel a ku Germany akuyendetsedwa ndi US. Komanso Jan Koum, yemwe anayambitsa bungwe la WhatsApp, adanena za chiyambi chake cha ubwana wa Russia ndi maulendo onse oyendetsa masewerawa monga imodzi mwa zinthu zoyendetsa magalimoto chifukwa cha khama lake lokhazikitsa malonda pogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga ake, omwe sanafike mochedwa.
Kuchokera Kwachidule ndi Kusakanikirana
Musamamvetsetse mawu ovuta. Timangofuna kupanga kusiyana pakati pa mfundo ziwiri zosavuta. Pano pali chitsanzo chowonetsera momwe kusinthira kumagwirira ntchito.
Tom akufuna kutumiza uthenga wapadera kwa Harry. Uthenga umadutsa mwachindunji chosinthidwa ndipo, pogwiritsira ntchito fungulo, liri ndi encrypted. Ngakhale kuti algorithm ilipo kwa aliyense yemwe angathe kukwanitsa kukhala geeky mokwanira, monga Dick yemwe akufuna kudziwa zomwe zanenedwa, chinsinsi ndi chinsinsi pakati pa Tom ndi Harry. Ngati Dick wonyenga amatha kulandira uthenga mu cyphertext, sangathe kubwereranso ku uthenga wapachiyambi pokhapokha atakhala ndi fungulo, zomwe sali.
Izi zimatchedwa kuyimilira koyamika, komwe kamphanga komweko kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokozera ndi kuzimitsa mbali zonse. Izi zimabweretsa vuto ngati maphwando awiri oyenera ayenera kukhala ndi fungulo, lomwe lingaphatikize kutumiza ilo kuchokera mbali imodzi kupita kumzake, motero likuwonetsa izo kuti zisokonezedwe. Choncho sizothandiza pazochitika zonse.
Kutsekemera kwapadera ndi njira yothetsera vutoli. Mitundu iwiri ya makiyi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa phwando lirilonse, makina amodzi a gulu ndi chinsinsi chimodzi chapadera, kuti phwando lirilonse liri ndi fungulo lachinsinsi ndichinsinsi chachinsinsi. Mafungulo amtunduwu amapezeka kwa onse awiri, komanso kwa wina aliyense, pamene maphwando awiriwa akugawana nawo mafungulo awo a anthu musanalankhulane. Tom amagwiritsa ntchito makina onse a Harry kuti athe kufotokozera uthengawo, womwe ukhoza kuwonongedwa pokhapokha ndi chinsinsi cha (Harry's) chachinsinsi ndi chinsinsi cha Harry.
Chinsinsi ichi chapadera chimapezeka kwa Harry komanso kwa wina aliyense, ngakhale ngakhale Tom wotumiza. Mfungulo uwu ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwe chimapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kuti phwando lirilonse liwononge uthenga chifukwa palibe chifukwa chotumizira makiyi apadera.
Kutsindika Kwakumapeto kwa Kutsiriza
Kuyimitsa kwa mapeto mpaka kumapeto kumagwira ntchito monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndipo ndiko kukhazikitsidwa kwa kutsekedwa kosavomerezeka. Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, kutseka kwa mapeto kumateteza deta kotero kuti ikhoza kuwerengedwa pamapeto awiri, ndi wotumiza, ndi wolandira. Palibe wina amene angawerenge deta yamtunduwu, kuphatikizapo onyoza, maboma, ngakhalenso seva yomwe deta ikudutsa.
Kuyimitsa kwa mapeto kumapeto kumatanthauza zinthu zambiri zofunika. Taonani abambo awiri a WhatsApp akulankhulana kudzera pa mauthenga kapena kutumiza pa intaneti. Deta yawo imadutsa pa seva ya WhatsApp pamene ikuyenda kuchokera kumtumiki wina kupita kumzake. Kwazinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimapereka ma encryption, deta imatulutsidwa pa nthawi yopititsa koma imatetezedwa kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali kunja monga ovina. Utumiki ukhoza kulandira deta pamaseva awo ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito. Amatha kupereka deta kwa anthu atatu kapena akuluakulu apolisi. Kuyimitsa kwa mapeto mpaka kumapeto kumateteza deta, osasintha, ngakhale pa seva ndi kwina kulikonse. Kotero, ngakhale ngati akufuna, ntchitoyo silingakhoze kutenga ndi kuchita chirichonse ndi deta. Malamulo ndi maboma ndi amodzi omwe sangathe kulandira deta, ngakhale ndi chilolezo. Zopeka, palibe amene angathe, kupatula maphwando pamapeto awiri.
Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Kutsekedwa Kwakumapeto
Simunagwiritse ntchito mapeto mwachindunji ndipo mulibe chochita kuti mugwire ntchito. Mapulogalamu kumbuyo, mapulogalamu ndi njira zotetezera pa intaneti amasamalira.
Mwachitsanzo, osatsegula omwe mukuwerenga pano ali ndi zipangizo zomaliza kumapeto, ndipo amayamba kugwira ntchito pamene mukuchita ntchito pa intaneti zomwe zimafuna kupeza deta yanu patsikuli. Taganizirani zimene zimachitika mukamagula chinthu china pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito khadi lanu la ngongole. Kompyuta yanu imayenera kutumiza nambala ya khadi la ngongole kwa wogulitsa kumayiko ena. Kuyimitsa kwa mapeto mpaka kumapeto kumatsimikizira kuti nokha ndi makompyuta kapena ntchito yamalondayo mungathe kupeza chiwerengero chachinsinsi chomwecho.
Makhalidwe Otetezera Otetezeka (SSL), kapena njira yatsopano yosinthidwa ya Transport Layer Security (TLS), ndiyomwe ikuyimira ma intaneti. Mukalowa mu webusaiti yomwe imapereka mauthenga obwereza pazinthu zanu - kawirikawiri ndi malo omwe amagwiritsira ntchito mauthenga anu aumwini monga zachinsinsi, manambala, makadi a ngongole etc. - Pali zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza chitetezo ndi chitetezo.
Mu bar address, URL imayambira ndi https: // mmalo mwa http : // , kuwonjezera pa chitetezo . Mudzawonanso fano kwinakwake patsamba ndi Symantec (mwini wa TLS) ndi TLS. Chithunzichi, pamene chododometsedwa, chimatsegula pop-up kutsimikizira kuti malowa ndi enieni. Makampani ngati Symantec amapereka zizindikiro zadijito kuti zithetse pa intaneti.
Kuitana kwa voli ndi zina zowonjezera zimatetezedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu otsiriza ndi mapulogalamu ambiri ndi mautumiki. Mumapindula ndi chinsinsi chokopera mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa oyankhulana.
Kufotokozera kwakumapeto kwa kufotokoza kwa mapeto kumakhala kosavuta komanso kumaphatikizapo ziphunzitso zofunikira kumbuyo, koma pakuchita, ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa zomwezo. Pali miyezo yambiri kunja uko kwa encryption, koma inu simukufuna kuti mupite mwakuya.
Mwinamwake mukufuna kuganiza pa funso lomwe liridi malingaliro anu tsopano: kodi ndikufunikira encryption? Chabwino, osati nthawi zonse, koma inde mumatero. Mwinanso timafunika kutchulidwa mobwerezabwereza kuposa momwe timachitira. Zimadalira zomwe mumasuntha pazomwe mumalankhulana. Ngati muli ndi zinthu zobisala, ndiye kuti mudzakhala othokoza chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mapeto.
Ambiri payekha saziwona kuti ndizofunikira pa mapulogalamu awo a WhatsApp ndi ma IM, ndipo amangophatikizapo mazokambirana ndi abwenzi ndi achibale. Ndani angasamalire kuti azitiyendera pamene pali anthu ena mabiliyoni akuyankhula? Komabe, tonsefe timafunikira tikamachita bizinesi kapena e-malonda pa intaneti. Koma ndiye, mukudziwa, simukuyenera kusankha. Kujambula kumachitika popanda kudziwa, ndipo anthu ambiri samadziwa ndipo sasamala pamene deta yawo imatulutsidwa.