E-Waste ndi zonsezi zikuphatikizapo
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) imatanthawuza kuwonongeka kwa magetsi monga "zinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimatayidwa ndi ogula."
Izi ndizosavuta kumva, choncho ganizirani za E-Waste ngati momwe mungapezere muchitsime cha khitchini. Chokha ndi chisokonezo chakupha.
Nkhaniyi idzafotokoza za Kutayika kwa magetsi komanso momwe ikugwiritsidwira ntchito pa televizioni. E-Waste, komabe, ikugwiritsanso ntchito pa magetsi otsatirawa malinga ndi EPA:
- Owonetsa makompyuta
- Makompyuta ndi zipangizo zamakompyuta
- Zida zamakono ndi stereo
- Makamera ndi ma DVD
- Makamera avidiyo
- Mafoni, mafoni a m'manja, ndi zipangizo zina zam'manja
- Makina a fax ndi makina
- Masewera a masewera a kanema
Kodi E-Waste Ndi Chiyani?
E-Waste ndikutaya zinthu zamagetsi. Kuwonongeka kosayenera kumakhudza thanzi labwino komanso zachilengedwe chifukwa zambiri mwa mankhwalawa zili ndi poizoni.
Kuwonongeka kosayenera kungakhale kutaya TV yanu yakale ya analogi kumunda ndi nyumba yanu, pamalo osungirako katundu, malo oyimika magalimoto kapena munthu wobwezeretsanso mankhwala osagwiritsanso ntchito mosavomerezeka kunja. Chinsinsi choyenera kukumbukira ndicho chakuti kutayika kosayenera kungayambitse mavuto omwe amabwera kumbuyo kwanu.
Zotsatira za E-Waste zokhudzana ndi makanema omwe amayendetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa digito chifukwa cha anthu ambiri komanso malonda omwe adasintha ma TV ndi mafilimu.
Mankhwala Oopsa pa Ma TV
Ma TV ali ndi mtsogoleri, mercury, cadmium, ndi brominated flame retardants. Malingana ndi EPA, "zinthu izi zikuphatikizidwa muzogwiritsira ntchito zofunikira zogwira ntchito, koma zingayambitse mavuto ngati katunduyo sagwiritsidwe bwino pamapeto pa moyo."
- Mtsogoleri ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha TV zonse zomwe zimachotsedwa chifukwa cha TV. Amapezeka makamaka mu cathode ray tube (CRT) TV, zomwe zili ndipakati pa mapaundi anayi mpaka asanu ndi atatu, omwe amapezeka mu chubu.
- Mtsogoleri ndi woopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, makamaka ana. Ponena za makanema a analog, Dipatimenti ya Anthu Yowona za Anthu ku Georgia inanena kuti mwana amene akuwatsogolera "akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, kupweteka kwambiri kwa thupi, kufooketsa minofu, ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. Maseŵera ochepa a chitsogozo akhoza kuthandizanso kukula kwa maganizo ndi thupi. "
- Mercury si yokhayokha kwa thermometers monga imapezedwanso mu makanema apansi a TV. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti magetsi ena amagwiritsa ntchito mercury, omwe ndi "poizoni wochepa kwambiri, ndipo amawononga ubongo ndi impso" molingana ndi Take Back My TV.
- Kuunikira m'magalasi apamwamba kwasintha ndi kukula kwa nyali zoziziritsa kukhosi (CCFLs) ndi kuwala kotulutsa kuwala (LED), komwe sikugwiritsa ntchito mercury.
- Cadmium imapezeka pansalu ya phosphor imene imafika mkati mwa CRT zojambula zambiri. EPA inayamba kulamulira cadmium mu 1974 ndi Safe Drinking Water Act.
- Ndizovuta kwambiri kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. EPA imanena kuti cadmium ikhoza kuyambitsa impso, chiwindi, fupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa magazi ngati zikuwonekera pazomwe zimatenga nthawi yaitali.
- Cadmium ikhoza kulowa m'dothi lathu ndikudutsa masamba ndi masamba, masamba, tirigu ndi mbewu, malinga ndi bungwe la Toxic Substances and Registry Registry.
- Mavitamini otentha a brominated (BFRs) amadziwika kuti amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa homoni ndi machitidwe opatsirana. Amapezeka m'mapulasitiki, monga zida zotetezera, matabwa oyendayenda, ndi zingwe zopangira moto.
- Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition (SVTC) imanena kuti BFRs "imadetsa nkhawa, kuphunzira, kukumbukira ndi khalidwe la nyama zamatenda." SVTC imanena kuti BFRs zapezeka m'madzi a m'nyanja, nsomba ndi mbalame komanso mazira a anthu, seramu ndi adipose minofu.
Nkhani Zaumoyo za TV Zotayidwa
Dipatimenti ya Atumiki ya Anthu ku Georgia, Gawo la Umoyo Wachipatala linapereka ndemanga yolimbikitsa kubwezeretsa ndi kubwezeretsanso ma TV a analog chifukwa cha kusintha kwa digito.
Pulezidenti, Dr. Sandra Elizabeth Ford, yemwe ndi mkulu wa bungwe la Division of Public Health, adati, "Tikulimbikitsa anthu kuti azisintha kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ma TV awo akale monga momwe amachitira maofesiwa. zomwe zingasokoneze nthaka ndi nthaka pansi. "
Kusamala kwa thanzi labwino sikuli kokha ku Georgia.
Malingana ndi Electronics TakeBack Coalition, mayiko khumi ndi limodzi ndi New York City achotsa malamulo a banki okhudza ma TV. M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa mayikowa pamodzi ndi tsiku lomwe linayamba kugwira ntchito:
- Arkansas - January 2008
- California - February 2006
- Connecticut - January 2011
- Maine - July 2006
- Massachusetts - April 2000
- Minnesota - July 2006
- New Jersey - January 2010
- New Hampshire-July 2007
- Mzinda wa New York - July 2010
- North Carolina - January 2012
- Oregon - January 2010
- Rhode Island - July 2008
Kuyankha ndi Kukhazikitsa Malamulo
Boma la Accountability Office (GAO) linalankhula ndi ogulitsa zamakina zowakonzanso zamakono mu lipoti la August 2008 lomwe linati "EPA Amafunika Kuletsa Kulimbitsa Bwino Machitidwe Otsogoleredwa a US Kupyolera Makhalidwe Olimba ndi Malamulo Ovuta Kwambiri."
GAO inalongosola nkhaŵa za makampani atsopano a ku America omwe akugulitsa zamakono zamakono kumayiko akutukuka kuti awonongeke, zomwe ndizovuta chifukwa mayikowa ali ndi "njira zowonongedwera zosagwiritsidwa ntchito."
Chotsatira chake, GAO inalimbikitsa kuti EPA iyambe kukakamiza malamulo ndi kuonjezera "mphamvu zowonongeka zogulitsa kunja kwa magetsi ena omwe angawonongeke."
Kumene Mungatenge TV Yanu
Zingakhale zabwino ngati bizinesi iliyonse yomwe imalonjeza kubwezeretsa TV mosamala mwalamulo, koma si choncho.
Msonkhano wa Novembala wa 60 Mphindi 60, womwe umati "Malo Osungirako Zamagetsi" adawonetsa kayendetsedwe ka boma ka CRT kuchokera ku Denver kupita ku China komwe kunayambitsa tauni komwe anthu ndi zinyama ankakhala mu soddge. Video: Malo Omwe Amagwiritsa Ntchito Electronic
Mwinamwake webusaiti yabwino kwambiri kuti mupeze bungwe lolemekezedwanso lokonzeketsa ndi webusaiti ya EPA ya eCycling, yomwe imalembetsa mapulogalamu omwe amapanga makina osapindulitsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malonda ogulitsa.